Tarahumaras

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Recommended: Family life in Mexico

La Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígena (2009) clasifica la organización social como sigue:
La familia, como para la mayoría de los mexicanos, representa la base de la sociedad, está constituida principalmente por la madre el padre y los hijos. Se acostumbra que los recién casados vivan con los padres de la mujer hasta que tengan los medios suficientes para tener una vivienda propia y el acceso a tierras de cultivo que faciliten su subsistencia.
Cada ranchería pertenece a determinado pueblo y responde ante la autoridad del mismo. Todos y cada uno de los pobladores, dependiendo de a qué pueblo pertenezca su ranchería, acuden a las reuniones de los domingos y a las festividades. La Iglesia, por tanto, representa una institución importante en el espacio Tarahumara pues aquí se efectúan las reuniones. La escuela y un centro de atención a la salud, junto con la tienda comunitaria son los establecimientos básicos que generalmente se encuentran en un pueblo Tarahumara.
La organización política tiene a la cabeza un gobernante, llamado Siríame, le siguen un segundo y tercer gobernadores, dos generales, capitanes, un alguacil, un mayor y por último un maestro. Generalmente ésta es la estructura presente en la sociedad Tarahumara, sin embargo existen variaciones entre los diferentes pueblos. Las responsabilidades de cada uno se describen en la siguiente tabla:
La agricultura en la zona Tarahumara se basa principalmente en el cultivo del maíz, frijol, trigo, calabaza, cebada y papa, en la zona alta. Por otro lado en la denominada zona baja se produce maíz, frijol, chile, cebolla y algunas legumbres.
Laderas y mesetas encontradas por toda la región permiten cultivar durante los meses de clima favorable, es decir de oc...

... middle of paper ...

...canas o en aserraderos, además de la migración con la finalidad de conseguir empleo a los estados cercanos constituyen otras actividades económicas.
Retomando el tema de la migración, en áreas limítrofes de la ciudad de Chihuahua se tienen registro de la existencia de alrededor de 35 asentamientos tarahumaras, lamentablemente dichos asentamientos carecen de la gran mayoría de los servicios fundamentales.

Works Cited

CDI (2009).Tarahumaras- Rarámuri. Recuperado el 2014 de enero de 28, de Comisión Nacional para el Desarrollo de los Pueblos Indígenas: http://www.cdi.gob.mx/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=607&Itemid=62

CDI (2009) Tarahumaras. 29 de enero de 2014, Comisión Nacional para el desarrollo de los pueblos Indigenas.http://www.chihuahua.gob.mx/atach2/codesoypc/uploads/Lecturas%20de%20Pol%C3%ADtica%20Social/Etnias%20Iind%C3%ADgenas/Tarahumaras.pdf

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