The best practices in structural engineering always demand design solutions with maximum efficiency. It can be achieved by finding the best possible design of the structure with minimum cost or minimum material consumption while satisfying the safety and performance requirements. For instance, the basic framing of building structures consists of beams and columns. Mostly rectangular beams are used. The fundamental concept of stress distribution in rectangular beams suggests that extreme vertical ends of the beam need more material than the part in between those two extreme ends. Hence, I-shaped beams are better alternative for rectangular ones as they have lesser material between the extreme ends. Thus, modifying areas with low stresses in …show more content…
In the field of civil/structural engineering, many design industries use the optimisation technique to demonstrate the conceptual design; mostly applying to the entire structure that provides novel layout of the framing system. However, not much has been accomplished on the component level. Even though application of topology optimisation concepts on structural components are presented as illustrative examples in research papers, they are mainly restricted to show various methods of optimisation. Hence, practicality of the result is not …show more content…
The objectives are: • To formulate optimisation problems for each structural components of large span steel structures. • To simulate various optimised sections based on the defined optimisation problem formulation. • To investigate the optimised design by performing finite element analyses. • To develop novel design that can be easily manufactured and form a robust framing system. METHODOLOGY: The methodology of the project will be divided into three components, one for each year of my doctorate. The following is a brief overview: Components Activities Structural elements determination • Review of various large span single storey steel buildings to determine the type of framing systems and sections used. • Determination of serviceability and limit state criteria for the design of these structures in accordance with the design codes. • Based on it, optimisation problems are established. Structural optimisation • Literature review of the existing optimisation technique and various optimisation algorithms. • Mathematical formulation of the optimisation
The minimization of the load occurs through the site orientation of the building and the R-values of the materials used. Although the site is constrained by the historic pattern of the street and houses that are currently there, the building is still able maintain interior temperatures in the ...
Today in my assignment I will be talking to you about Timber Frame Construction and its Cladding Systems. I will go on to mention its current position, what a Cladding is, I will also give a brief summary of the characteristics of different types of claddings. Also a diagram will be presented will labels of a cladding system fastened onto a timber framed building.
Laws such as the lever law and Euler’s Buckling Theorem come into play when testing and competition begins. A structure of wood and glue surely has much more to offer than meets the eye.
Fanella, D. (2011). Reinforced concrete structures: analysis and design / David A. Fanella. New York: McGraw-Hill, c2011.
The structural engineers use geometry in their design in order to calculate the spacing of their columns and beams for proper strength for the building.
...n most part if steel were to be used in a Type I structure, it would be to reinforce the concrete because concrete is strong in compressive strength but weak in tensil strength. If there is any exposed steel, it is fire proofed with a fire retardant. Mainly the fire hazards that firefighters have to face in these structures are usually because of human error during the construction of the buildings or when occupants are occupying the building. In a construction sites welding, cutting, plumber’s torches, electrical wiring, and heaters all pose a fire hazard. The other risk of this type of building would be of a collapse of the concrete walls or floors during construction.
With the interaction between the development of computational approaches in architecture and the contemporary forms of spatial design intelligence, some new architectural design theories emerged to make differences between architects and control designing processes. These theories are almost employed in all designing realms, from architecture to urban design to provide fields of ideas and solutions that privilege by complexity. Most of these theories are oriented to relay on understanding and using computational methods to generate exotic and complex geometries. In this respect, three of these theories will discussed and tested against three buildings. The theories are: parametric design, genetic architecture and emergence, which characterize some of the contemporary architectural design approaches.
There are 25 major specialties in engineering that are recognized by professional societies. In any one of those 25 specialties, the goal of the engineer is the same. The goal is to be able to come up with a cost effective design that aids people in the tasks they face each day. Whether it be the coffee machine in the morning or the roads and highways we travel, or even the cars we travel in, it was all an idea that started with an engineer. Someone engineered each idea to make it the best solution to a problem. Even though engineer’s goals are similar, there are many different things that engineers do within their selected field of engineering. This paper will focus on the architectural field of engineering.
The framing process is probably the fastest part of building a house. A good framing crew can frame an average size house in just a couple of days. The framing of the house consists of the floor system, walls, and roof system. The framing is th...
Some other things that have become evident are that geometric simplicity and symmetry are key to constructing an earthquake resistant building. Simplicity often leads to symmetry, and in turn symmetry tends to decrease the likelihood of a concentration of mass. This idea of lighter buildings being safer can be explained mathematically using the formula F=MA. To understand how this formula works it is pertinent to recognize that earthquakes alone do not cause damage because all they provide is an acceleration.
Implementation of green concepts has been significant not only in design engineering but also in construction. Therefore the knowledge about green design has been a very important fact for the sustainable development in civil engineering. Concepts such as green buildings, carbon foot print, ecological foot print and LEED rating system have helped to achieve sustainable development for civil engineering
Sustainable buildings are becoming somewhat of a necessity in the world today. As the demand for green building develops, so does the demand for green building materials. Just as the old techniques and building materials seem to disappear in the assembly of things, they are now making a come back. Green building focuses on the efficiency of major resources like water and energy. As the cost for sustainable materials and products are on the decline, building green seems to be the most cost effective kind of design and construction. Looking specifically at green materials and their impact on the production of structures, it is evident that they are a prime choice for building material. The use of green materials should be promoted because they are better for the environment, more healthful for the consumer, and better for the economy.
This report is being written as if you were to fully design my senior project. These are all
Structural Engineering deals with the design and construction of all types of structures including buildings and bridges. Emphasis is placed on mechanics and the behaviour of materials.
Chua, Ian Y. H. Civil and Structural Engineering Resource Web. 29 Jan. 2000. 2 Mar.