What value does strategic intelligence provide to national policy and decision makers?
Intelligence at all levels to include strategic intelligence is crucial for policy and decision makers. The Intelligence Community (IC) works for the policy and decision makers in ensuring that they have the information necessary to make the appropriate decisions when it comes to national security. The Intelligence Community exists to support the policy-maker. The policy-maker isn’t the analyst his or herself. There is a great amount of information that is dissected and analyzed for the decision maker to assess the information for himself. “The Intelligence Community work as advisors who provide expert analysis of relevant information.” (Gookins, 2008) It
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We must address what is strategic intelligence and why does it hold so much value. “Strategic Intelligence is that intelligence necessary to create and implement a strategy, typically a grand strategy, what officialdom calls a national strategy.” (Heindenrich, 2007) Strategic Intelligence is vital for building a policy and military strategy. “The role of the policymaker begins with a request to the IC for intelligence. Yet the policymaker’s role does not, and should not, end here. Policymakers are present throughout the intelligence cycle, continuously giving feedback to help shape the intelligence needs.” (Gookins, 2008) The policy-maker isn’t producing the intelligence, but he or she has to be present and involved in the entire intelligence cycle. There isn’t another country that possess the intelligence capabilities that the United States has in-terms of organization. We have 16 individual agencies that make up the Intelligence Community. There five components of the intelligence cycle (which the policy-maker is a part of) and dissemination that lives in the 16 agencies. The first is Planning and Direction. Second, Collection. The third is processing. The fourth is …show more content…
All source insight accumulation is the most imposing risk looked by the OPSEC program supervisor. Luckily, just a couple of countries can mount such endeavors. The accompanying areas of this report looks at the insight capacities of foe countries and gatherings. It is extremely important use all-source intelligence in every facet when it comes to national security. Keeping the agencies with their respective “INT” isn’t utilizing the resources that we have to the fullest, and that has been proven with the failure of The Bay of Pigs mission. The Bay of Pigs mission was a mission concocted by the United States of America’s President Kennedy and carried out by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to overthrow the dictatorship of Fidel Castro in Cuba. The reasoning for the United States interest in over-throwing Fidel Castro is for a number of reasons. One, Fidel Castro had no interest in having American influence within Cuba. He felt that Cuba should operate on its own without the help of America. “Almost as
In January of 1959 , Communist dicator Fidel Castro took over Cuba. The United States in 1961 tried to overthrow Fidel by arming rebels and attempting to support them. This was the failure known as the Bay of Pigs. In October of 1962 , The US finds evidence that medium range nuclear sites had been installed in Cuba. They annonce that on the twenty-third that a quatntine was being Cuba and that any ship carrying offensive weapons to Cuba wasn’t allowed. Five days later , the crisis was averted when the Soviets began to remove the
The main reason for the Bay of Pigs attack on Cuba was the change to communism. The January 1, 1959 , the Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista fled the country for the safety of the Dominican Republic ( Goode, Stephen 75). Fidel Castro and his guerrilla warriors overthrew the former government dictated by Batista. Over the next couple of weeks , Castro established a new government and on February 16 was officially declared premier ( Finkelstein , Norman H. 127). The United States accepted this new ...
BAY OF PIGS It seems that the United States has been one of the most dominant, if not the most dominant, countries in the world, since the Declaration of Independence. Yet, on Monday, April 17, 1961, our government experienced incredible criticism and extreme embarrassment when Fidel Castro, dictator of Cuba, instantly stopped an invasion on the Cuban beach known as the Bay of Pigs. President John Fitzgerald Kennedy, his advisors, and many Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) officials, made the largest error of their political careers. Once the decision was made to invade Cuba, to end Castro and his Communist government, Kennedy and his administration were never looked at in the same light nor trusted again.
Anonymous. "Strategic Warning: If Surprise Is Inevitable, What Role for Analysis?" Www.cia.gov. Central Intelligence Agency, 21 Apr. 2007. Web. 11 Nov. 2013.
...ity of the blame went onto Kennedy's record as not being the one that had planned it out and not giving the go ahead for the second air raid. It was later proven that no matter what the outcome of the second air raid would have been, it would not have mattered. The CIA also released a document taking the full responsibility and blame for the incident at the Bay of Pigs. The Cuban Missile Crisis not only worried the U.S. but also worried the rest of the world as to how it would turn out. The Soviet's backed Cuba as an ally and fed them missiles and the supplies to build the missile silos in Cuba. The Soviet's said they did this as a counter measure incase we did in fact invade Cuba. Between these two major conflicts of the time, it can be said that the two countries were not battling over Cuba in itself, but more or less battling over the belief of Communism.
Ultimately, the hostages were released, and Kennedy would learn a lesson that he would incorporate into the rest of his administration. From that moment on Kennedy grew more opposed to using military forces, and sought plausible deniability in his actions. The Bay of Pigs was not the end of Kennedy’s relationship with communist Cuba; his other two
Kennedy took full public responsibility for the Bay of Pigs disaster though secretly he blamed the CIA. Kennedy fired three of the CIA?s top men whom were responsible for the operation: Director Allen Dulles, who was later a member of the Warren Commission (Lifton 176), General Cabell, and Richard Bissel. (Morrissey) After the CIA lost time, effort, and people in the attempt to secure Cuba, the CIA became hostile and wanted to get rid of Kennedy to prevent him from losing more ground, especially in Vietnam.Adding to the fire were Kennedy?s secret commitments to pulling out of Vietnam and his threat to?Smash the CIA into a thousand pieces and scatter them in the wind? (Belzer 79)
On New Year’s Day, 1959, Cuban Rebel forces, led by Fidel Castro, overthrew the existing government led by Fulgencio Batista. Castro immediately reformed Cuba’s economic policy, reducing the power of American companies over Cuba’s industry, as well as threatening American profits and influence in the area. This greatly irritated the United States as a whole, and caused the government, under President Dwight D. Eisenhower, to turn hostile towards Castro. Just a year after Castro’s rise to power, President Eisenhower was convinced that if the best interests of the United States were to be fulfilled, the new Cuban government would have to be abolished. On March 17, 1960, he approved the Central Intelligence Agency’s plan, entitled “A Program of Covert Action Against the Castro Regime.” This program’s purpose was to “bring about the replacement of the Castro regime with one more devoted to the true interests of the Cuban people an...
In an attempt to over throw the Cuban government the United States fully funded and planned the invasion of southern Cuba also know as the Bay of Pigs Invasion. The U.S. had landed armed Cuban exiles in southern Cuba in attempting to overthrow the government of Fidel Castro in 1961.this marked the climax of anti Cuban U.S. actions. The failure of the Bay of Pigs invasion was caused by misinformation lack of strategic planning and mismanagement, the consequences of that was 2x4 to the face for the Americans and a major increase in tensions between the two super powers of the world during the cold war.
The Bay of Pigs project came to life when President Eisenhower approved an initial budget of $4,400,000; political action, $950,000; propaganda, $1,700,000; paramilitary, $1,500,000; intelligence collection, $250,000. (“BAY OF PIGS: THE PLAN”) The invasion, a year later, would cost over $46 million. (“BAY OF PIGS: THE PLAN”) The Bay of Pigs affair was an unsuccessful invasion of Cuba on April 17, 1961, at Playa Girón (the Bay of Pigs) by about two thousand Cubans who had gone into exile after the 1959 revolution. (“BAY OF PIGS: THE PLAN”) Encouraged by members of the CIA who trained them, the invaders believed they would have air and naval support from the United States and that the invasion would cause the people of Cuba to rise up and overthrow. (“BAY OF PIGS: THE PLAN”) The landing began shortly before midnight on Sunday, April 16, after a team of frogmen went ashore and set up landing lights to guide the operation. (“THE CUBAN MISSLE CRISIS”) The failure of the Bay of Pigs Invasion was due to a lack of planned strategy, miscommunication, and mismanagement of planning.
The DIA started in 1958. The organizational structure of the DoD and U.S. foreign intelligence came to a new shape with the establishment of DIA. It was Robert McNamara, then Secretary of Defense, who came up with the concept of DIA in 1961. DIA gathers human source intelligence, analyzes technical intelligence, distributes intelligence/reports to the intelligence agencies, provides advice and support to the Joint Chiefs of Staff with foreign military intelligence, and provides military intelligence to combatant commands as its operational functions. A DIA director is supposed to be a three-star military general and DIA is believed to have employed at least 7,500 staff worldwide today. The DIA is a defense intelligence agency that prevents strategic surprises and delivers a decision advantage to warfighters, defense planners, and to policymakers. This paper will try to evaluate DIA’s role in US national security in present condition of massive budget deficits and increased congressional oversight, plus the intelligence capabilities of the Regional Combatant Commanders and the individual services like CIA and NSA.
By the early 1960’s the U.S. had cut off ties with Cuba and was engaging to overthrow the Castro regime. In 1961 the Bay of Pigs Invasion, a fumbled CIA attempt to crush the government, inflamed
Tidd, J. M. (2008). From revolution to reform: A brief history of U.S. intelligence. The SAIS
The Perfect Failure: Kennedy, Eisenhower, and the CIA at the Bay of Pigs by Trumbull Higgins is a book that sheds light on the history and surrounding factors of the Bay of Pigs invasion in Cuba. Having lived in Miami for seven years, I have always been curious about why Cubans seem to feel entitled and believe that the United States owes them something. When I asked about this, I was told that the United States failed them during the Bay of Pigs invasion by leading the Cuban exiles into a battle they could not win. They felt great resentment towards the United States for refusing to assist them once they were in Cuba, leaving them at the mercy of President Fidel Castro. After reading Higgins' book, I now understand the basis for this type of thinking and resentment.
The tropical island of Cuba had been an object of empire for the United States. Before the Missile Crisis, the relationship between Castro and the US were strained by the Bay of Pigs occurrence in 1961. This was where counterrevolutionary Cubans were American funded and tried to invade Cuba and overthrow Castro. However, the counterrevolutionaries failed. Castro then found an alliance with the Soviet Union and an increase of distrust that Castro had on the US. On January 18, 1962, the United States’ Operation Mongoose was learned. The objective would be “to help the Cubans overthrow the Communist regime” so that the US could live in peace. Consequently, Castro informed the Soviet Union that they were worried about a direct invasion on Cuba, thus longed for protection against th...