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Popol vuh and genesis compare and contrast
Key to creation myths
Biblical worldview about creation
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The dawn of life has always interrogated the truth of humanity, the true origins of what actually occurred. Many religions lay upon interpretations for the beginning, one of which are the Quiché Maya. Written in the mid-1500 period, the holy scripture, Popol Vuh, of the Mayas contain their beliefs of the creation. The Popol Vuh can often be referred as the Mayan version of the Bible, which in fact, has similarities in Mayan view to the Christianity aspect. Through the interpretations of each story, Popol Vuh and Genesis, the creation in the Christian bible, each accommodate many resemblances in the stories of mans beginning.
Popol Vuh begins with the idea of empty divination; the Maker and the Feathered Serpent. The world was filled with no one, then the Word came, spoken by Maker and the Serpent. They first brought the land, creating a plate of earth. Then came the first creation, the animals. They were told to praise Their names. Deers, birds, panthers and serpents, but none could praise. They twittered, chattered, could not talk like the Gods, so they were
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In Genesis, God is upset with the world, especially with the corruption and the amount of sin that has spread within the people; as a result, God spares Noah, who is worthy of salvation, to build an ark, survive the waters, and witness the death of the humans. The flood was used as a symbol of Gods regret; He had not been satisfied with the first wave of humans, so the flood was used to start over again. In Popol Vuh, the flood was used similarly like a punishment and cleansing. The Maker and Serpent carved the third creation of wood. They looked like people, talked, walked and multiplied, but they had no minds. They forget the heart of creation. They did not remember the Maker and Serpent, so they brought upon them a flood, made to destroy them. The presence of floods used to wipe humanity is a similar catastrophe used within both works of
Most cultures have a creation myth, a story of how humans came to exist in the world. Often, they involve Gods of some capacity who exist without much question or explanation. Many myths have a common idea for the origin of the world, like Earth being born from water, a golden egg, or a great monster. The Mayan creation myth and the Babylonian creation myth are similar in that they both begin with water, and account the creation and purpose of man. They also differ, as the Mayan Popol Vuh chronicles a peaceful tale of trials to forge the Earth and sentient beings to worship the gods, while the Babylonian Enuma Elish tells of wars between gods that lead to the creation of Earth and of man as a servant to the gods.
At the beginning of time only the Gods where living, until one day Sovereign Plumed Serpent and Heart of the Sky, named Hurricane, created trees, bushes, and life. Bearer Begetter was the creator or animals big and small, like birds, deers, jaguars, pumas, and serpents. When the Gods created animals they created them for the sole purpose of being worshiped by them. However, when they realized that the animals could not speak they decided they would be sent to live in the woods and fend for themselves. After this Xpiyacoc and Xmucane attempted to make humans, but instead of not being able to speak. They appeared to be too unnatural and decided to call them manikins or wood carvings so, Heart of the Sky creates a flood killing them off. It is believed that monkeys look like humans because they are the manikins who survived the flood by climbing onto trees.
When Europeans first arrived in America did they imagine that hidden among the trees were civilized cultures or did they think they stumbled upon forests full of savages? Unfortunately for the Native Americans the Europeans appear to have assumed the latter when the natives may have more in common with them than they thought. For Example native Americans have mythical tales that told how the earth was made that in some ways were similar to Genesis from the bible, not only that but the Iroquois for example have a similar constitution to the United States. However, both their creation stories and their constitution do vary away from the colonists.
Words can be on a much grander scale. The Popol Vuh is a story originating from modern day Guatemala with its oldest excerpt dating back to the early 18th century. The most recent translation is by Allen J. Christenson in 2007. The Popol Vuh follows the Hero Twins Hunahpu and Xbalanque and their epic tales. The mythological story ripe with symbolism is often coined as the “sacred book” of the Maya people. Symbolism in the Popol Vuh is important because it explains life and death, satirizes human behavior, represents the creation of the Maya, and it depicts the importance of maize.
Creation texts and most early pieces of literature all share many of the same themes, mythology, and to an extent, the same characters. In the days that early texts like The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Bible, and Popol Vuh, epistemology was of high interest to many philosophers and writers. To answer the questions of “How did we get here,” “Why are we here,” “What do we do here,” and other ontological ponderings, texts like these were written to give some reason. One consistent theme from early literature and creation texts is that early people had the tragic flaw of a thirst for knowledge and a lack of willpower, which is shown in The Epic of Gilgamesh, The Bible, and Popol Vuh.
Genesis and Theogony came from very different cultures. The book of Genesis is the Hebrew description of creation, and make up the first book of the Holy Bible. This creation story is not only the most well-known by foreigners, but also the most accepted, by the Christian and Judaic cultures. Hesiod's Theogony is the Greek story of the creation of earth and humankind. Before Genesis, there was no book to decree what one should believe about the beginning of humans, and Hesiod's story of creation was the most popular at around that time. At this time the Greek culture was a polytheistic one meaning they worshipped and had many more than one god. The Genesis description of creation showed a vital change from the polytheistic culture of the Greeks
Over the course of history many different people and cultures have tried to explain human existence. Many forms of arts have been used to express these theories and myths but nothing more popular than literature. Two of the most popular stories of creation include the biblical tale of Genesis and the Babylonian epic, Enuma Elish. Many historians have debated over which of the two stories was derived from the other. While both stories are different and depict different ideals of how the universe came to be they due hold striking similarities.
The beginnings of life as we comprehend it have continued to captivate scientists, religious followers, and our world and while society seems to have envisioned a respective creed of Earth’s secrets, humanity may never know how it came to be. Around the world, different cultures have their sense of how Earth and the people within it came to be and although each story has its own distinctive understanding, there are some collective associations. Popol Vuh, a cultural narrative of the Quiche people, tells the story of creation as we live it. Referred to as “The Mayan Bible”, it is an account and understanding the Quiche people had of cosmology and creation before the rise of Christianity. The creation stories present in Popul Vuh and the
In the first book of the Bible, Genesis, God can be seen as having a sort of bi-polar attitude. In the beginning chapters God is shown as a caring person when he is creating the earth and when he talks about how he wants Adam and Eve to succeed and do well and how he gives Adam a companion, Eve because he feels Adam will be lonely. As the book unfolds God becomes very angry with how his world is turning out. Sin has been introduced and humans seem to be falling away from the righteous. This upsets God and he creates an idea that he will flood the world so that only Noah and the people and animals inside the ark will live. His intentions seem horrible, trying to kill humans because they have sinned, but in reality he is trying to free the world of sin so that the remaining humans will live wonderful lives free of pain and despair. The flood can be seen as both a positive and negative thing. To non-believers they may find fault in the idea that God felt that he had to punish the world as a result of how sinful the people of earth had become. To help promote their ideas they could use statements from the Bible such as this one when God's feelings are stated about how he seems to be dissatisfied with the people of earth, "The Lord was grieved that he had made man on the earth, and his heart was filled with pain" (Genesis 6:6). It can also be revealed when God states, "I am going to put an end to all people, for the earth is filled with violence because of them. I am surely going to destroy both them and the earth" (Genesis 6:13).
Every ancient society and civilization has creation myths that were passed down and keep alive throughout the passing of time by word of mouth. These myths are the world’s oldest stories and are vital to these cultures because they explain their beginnings and give purpose to their existence. By analyzing and interpreting different creation myths it becomes easier to understand different cultures and their connections and relationships with heir beliefs and god(s).
In Popol Vuh, the gods created the mud people to have them worshipping the gods, “Thus, let us try again to make one who will honor us, who will respect us; one who will be a provider and a sustainer” (Popol Vuh 89). However, the mud people had no knowledge while speaking; they could only look in one direction, and they could not worship the gods. Because of that, the gods punished the mud people by toppling them, “Therefore they undid it. They toppled what they had framed, what they had shaped” (Popol Vuh 94). Nevertheless, in Genesis, Yahweh created humans, so they would be happy. The only thing He asked them was to not disobey Him, “And the Lord God commanded the man, saying, Of every tree of the garden thou mayest freely eat. But of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, thou shalt not eat of it: for in the day that thou eatest thereof thou shalt surely die” (Genesis 2:16,17). Because they disobeyed Yahweh, they were punished by having to leave the garden and “suffer.” The differences in the types of gods punishments is that, in Popol Vuh, they punished the mud people because they were not capable of worship them; it was the gods’ fault in creating people like that. In Genesis, Yahweh punished Adam and Eve because they chose to disobey him, and not because Yahweh created them
While the two texts Gilgamesh and Popol Vuh have many similarities, themes characters ect. I personally would not call the two texts similar. In my opinion for two texts to be similar they must poses similar general themes that apply to the entire text, not small themes that only apply to portions of the text. In other words I believe that two texts can have similar events, yet have completely different meanings.
Throughout the world there are various cultures with varying religions and creation stories to explain the creation of the Earth and it’s inhabitants. Of these creation stories two with similar and also different characteristics is the Creation story in the book of Genesis which is a part of the 1st Testament in the Hebrew Bible and explains the creation of Earth and humans, and the Theogony which is the greek creation story that describes the origins of the Earth and the Greek Gods. Both the Theogony and the Creation in Genesis show nature as a blessing for humans but it can also affect them negatively, However the myths differ in the ways that the Earth and humans were created and how humans interact with the deities of the creation stories.
Within the texts of Genesis which belong to the biblical scriptures of the Hebrews, and the myths of Egyptian origin, there are a multitude of similarities and differences. When compared side by side, the most obvious factor of both texts is that a single God was the creator of all that we know today. In Genesis that creator is simply referred to as God, while in Egyptian mythology, the creator is known as Neb-er-tcher. Both creators have striking resemblances, such as the ways they went about the production of the world.
In this paper I will discuss three similarities and four differences between Enuma Elish-The Epic of Creation (King,1902) and Genesis 1:1-3:24 as described by Michael Fishbane (Fishbane, 1979). These writings are selected to describe the story of creation of the earth and the inhabitants of the earth. However, each author has a very different view and way of explaining what they have interpreted the sacred texts to mean.