Ethical Dilemma: Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports

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If one had an opportunity to be better at their job by cheating, should they do it? Should one cheat all their co-workers, who work just as hard and work honestly? If one knows getting caught could get them in serious trouble, and their reputation could be ruined, how should they respond to the opportunity? In sports, many athletes are given this opportunity through PEDs (Performance Enhancing Drugs), and although some come to regret their decision, others have never been identified as PED users. PEDs are a widely controversial topic in sports, as the effects of steroids and other drugs can increase the play of an athlete. Furthermore, controversy again arises in how severe the punishment for a player caught doping should be, and speculation …show more content…

Newton’s handbook, called Steroids and Doping in Sports: A Reference Handbook, Newton analyzes the history of steroids, showing how it has evolved over time. Although steroids have only been used for less than fifty years, understanding and interest for steroids dates all the way back to the fourth millennium B.C., when people first became curious about a possible material animals possess for sexual characteristics. The interest developed from the different behaviors by animals that are castrated versus those that are not castrated. Traits observed included aggressiveness, vocalization, and display. No scientific studies occurred on this topic until 1767. In this year, a widely-known English surgeon and physician named John Hunter performed an experiment on chickens. Using four chickens, Hunter removed the testes of two, and transplanted them onto the abdominal cavity of the two other roosters. Although the two chickens that received the testes had no changes, the two chickens that lost the tissue lost many of their natural male characteristics. When describing these chickens, Hunter stated they “grew fat and lazy” (Newton 11). Although this was the first experiment with demasculinization, that was the not the main point of interest or reasoning for Hunter’s project, as he was more interested in the process of tissue transplantation (Newton …show more content…

Side effects of steroid use include shrinking of testicles and development of breasts in males. Steroids can be prescribed by doctors, but not for physical gain. They are prescribed to treat illnesses, such as AIDS or testicular cancer. Steroids are also prescribed when one has received a surgery, and requires muscle rebuild. It is very dangerous to take steroids without a doctor’s prescription, as, according to Doctor Gary Wadler, there are “… whole panoply of side effects, even with prescribed doses… the effects can be irreversible or undetected until it’s too late,” (Bjornlund 26, “How Dangerous are Performance-Enhancing Drugs?”). Despite the research done on the effects of steroids, not everyone believes in the negative effects of steroids. One of these people is University of Wisconsin at Madison professor of pediatrics and bioethics, Norman Fost, who stated, “… name an athlete who died, or was diagnosed, with a steroid-related cancer, heart disease, or stroke,” (Newton 105). What Fost is saying is that without any direct deaths from steroids, life-threatening effects cannot be professed (Newton 105, Bjornlund 24-26).
Many arguments have been made for legalization of steroids in sports. One of these arguments is that even with rules making steroids illegal, athletes will not stop trying to get the advantage. Athletes may play their respective sport for the love of the game, but all athletes understand

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