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Effects of plastic surgery on the body
The advantages and disadvantages of cosmetic surgery
Effects of plastic surgery on the body
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Origin: This article comes from the University of West Alabama’s database.
Author: Sheila Jeffreys, no other information is given about the author.
Bias: Jeffreys is one-sided, she only notes her views on the topic. In her last sentence which is, “The cosmetic surgeons, piercers and cutters, sadists, those who watch cutting and SM performances on the Internet or in practice for sexual thrills, and those who create academic careers out of making the cutting up seem glamorous or avant garde, are parasitic on these harms and help to perpetuate them”, she puts all of her topics in one category and her category is sadistic mutilation.
Reasonableness and Writing: The article is overly emotional, the only evidence given to support the author’s
The article “The Coddling Of The American Mind”, written by Greg Lukianoff and Jonathan Haidt, was written about how teachers are afraid of what they are allowed to say during in class because of the emotional effect on the students. While writing the article the authors have many examples of logos, ethos, and pathos. The logos of the article appeals to logic by presenting facts and statistics. The writers provide definitions of words such as microaggression and trigger warning. While explaining the definitions they go on to give real world examples to further the understanding of the words. Also statistics of the amount of mental health issues are provided to enhance the logos. Secondly to make the article more appealing is adding an emotional
“Why do You Call it Plastic Surgery?” Fighting Ignorance since 1973. Web. 14 March 2014.
I felt emotional while on page 100, paragraph 7 where he stated: “I guess I should have told someone, but I was too humiliated”. The fact that his father had abandoned the family and his brother who is his No 1 confidant was down with leukemia didn’t give him the courage to speak out, he was scared to the point of losing his mind, he became depressed, irritable, hypervigilant and ashamed thereby hating
The author is trying to persuade readers to his opinion that vaccinations should be required. The majority of the claims are opinion based, with factual evidence used as support. The logical argument of preventing deaths via vaccinations is used, however the article is also purposely introducing fear and guilt. The facts used could sway a reader to the author’s side by making them fear the other option. The article argues it is a citizen's responsibility to be vaccinated, and that not doing so could hurt innocent bystanders. Both these statements conduce an emotional response. The evidence use to support the article is supported by similar facts from other sources but is not well cited within the article nor is an opposing viewpoint addressing the possible consequences of vaccinating mentioned.The information is clearly presented but is meant to create an emotional reaction and does not cite many direct sources or address the opposing
In today society, beauty in a woman seems to be the measured of her size, or the structure of her nose and lips. Plastic surgery has become a popular procedure for people, mostly for women, to fit in social class, race, or beauty. Most women are insecure about their body or face, wondering if they are perfect enough for the society to call the beautiful; this is when cosmetic surgery comes in. To fix what “needed” to be fixed. To begin with, there is no point in cutting your face or your body to add or remove something most people call ugly. “The Pitfalls of Plastic Surgery” explored the desire of human to become beyond perfection by the undergoing plastic surgery. The author, Camille Pagalia, took a look how now days how Americans are so obsessed
he evaluation of the overall rhetorical effectiveness for intended audience was a failure starting with the ethos of having no much credibility for the author, pathos, no real connection to emotion to aid the doctor, and not being able to see the real problem, and with the lack of logos to explain how to be able to obtain aid and help the student improve. As a result, in the editorial the authors had no success in persuading all the audience. For that reason, college students should be able to see the correct way to write their essay and the effective method for them to pass class with excellent essays.
...r reading this article will not be persuaded by her writing since it is emotion based, and not factual. The support that she brings is very specific, she does not have any general information. By including more supporting references, the author would have created a stronger and more believable article.
...e. The absence of counter claims to many of his arguments while being supported makes the argument suspect. Adding with that some logical fallacy errors and phrases indicating guesswork without evidence and his thesis loses further ground. Looking at the article overall the argument is semi convincing depending on whether the reader agreed with him or did not before they read the article. If coming from the same viewpoint the argument is likely effective in further convincing them, however if coming from a different viewpoint the ineffective aspects of the argument coupled with a few potentially insulting phrases are unlikely to convince the reader.
Aesthetic, cosmetic, or commonly referred to by the layman as plastic surgery refers to a range of operations performed in order to repair or restore body parts to look normal or to enhance a particular structure or anatomy that is already regular as a fully functioning body part. The demand for this form of surgery has undergone an increasing trend in recent years, as various societies’ cultures have become more concerned with external human image and appearance. These growths in demand for aesthetic plastic surgery and the advocacy of practice in the media have invited concerns about the ethical aptness and permissibility of this medical procedure (Sterodimas, Radwanski, & Pitanguy, 2011). Advanced research, and novel technologies derived from such research, almost always raises ethical and moral considerations. It is essential to create an educated and well-informed public about the ethical issues in this field of medical study. This paper seeks to investigate and illustrate the ethical considerations that are in relation with the implementation and adaptation of cosmetic surgery, ranging from those that are related to injuries sustained from traumatic accidents to those that are purely initiated for enhancement purposes by individuals for various reasons. Also, various perspectives toward the issue of cosmetic surgery will be illustrated and discussed with respect to the basic normative theories in order to allow the evaluation of its moral correctness from various viewpoints.
Plastic surgery is one of the most growing fields in medicine. Reconstructive surgery is one of the branches from plastic surgery and it is defined as surgeries performed to restore facial and body defects caused by a disease, trauma, burns, or birth defects (Nelson, 2010). When it first started, it focused on helping people who are having difficulty blending in society. For instance, during the Renaissance era, in the late 1700s, doctors worked on enhancing the appearance of patients suffering from the nose deformation caused by syphilis using plastic surgery. Enabling them to blend in society and cover the disease. Also, after World War I, because there were a large number of soldiers with disfiguring injuries, the United States of America relied on plastic surgeries to improve the life of wounded soldiers (Nelson, 2010). The other branch of plastic surgery is cosmetic surgery. This type of surgery is performed to preserve or restore normal appearances, or to enhance it beyond the average level (American Board of Cosmetic Surgery, 2014). For the last couple of years, Plastic surgery marketing has focused massively on cosmetic surgery procedures rather than reconstructive ones. This type of advertising is having negative effects on society by increasing the number of needless procedures, changing the true meaning of beauty, and harming females’ self-esteem.
Pathos is the appeal to an audience’s emotion. Aside from the other two appeals that I have outlined in this essay, pathos is by far the most recognizable appeal in Lamott’s article. The humorous tone of the article is very easily recognized and frankly, it is hard not to laugh at some of Lamott’s uncalled-for sarcastic remarks (whether it be in your head or out loud). For example, when writing about how every writer she knows never writes an elegant first draft, she continues, “All right, one of them does, but we do not like her very much. We do not think that she has a rich inner life or that God likes her or can even stand her” (1). By making such presumptuous claims about this person, some audiences might find this type of language comical or entertaining, which in turn makes them want to believe Lamott and continue reading. In a way this helps Lamott seem credible to some readers, in which case she has created a successful argument. On the other hand, some readers might find this kind of language unprofessional and inappropriate. Because much of the article deals with language that is full of humor and sarcasm, it would make sense to say that Lamott has directed this article towards an audience who is looking for something more entertaining than a typical statistic-filled essay that one might consider mainstream in this field. Whether it be entertaining or absurd, Lamott most definitely uses the appeal of pathos in her
One of the leading reasons as to why cosmetic surgery should be banned is because of some serious, and neglected, risks that patients may encounter when put under the knife. To be more precise, a procedure that one may see to be harmless and basic may carry out just as many negative affects as a serious one. In “Clinical Risk,” Mercer (2009) states, "All cosmetic treatments are medical interventions, and every medical intervention has a complication and failure rate”. The paraffin being injected in the faces of people who get Botox done, for instance, may overtime spread into unwanted places that would cause the sagging of the face, contrary to the whole purpose of this procedure. Sometimes the negative effects are not seen immediately, but over the course of life become more apparent. When one has a more serious surgery the risks obviously boost drastically. A vast amount of blood loss is also a major threat in such operations. One may simply die of excessive bleeding even after the surgery is done, meaning that you are not only in danger when under the knife, but even when you are finished from the procedure (whether it be a success or not). Moreover, statistics prove that most people that even though a high number of people get surgery done, a higher percentage get a second one of those same surgical operations done later on due to not being satisfied with the results the first time around. It is this factor that aids and results in the unhealthy obsession.
The road taken by Warren, that emotionality requires self-observation and integration, is far too polar in that it completely negates the hormonal influence on emotionality. Emotionality ought not be defined in either of these ways because when doing so one wrongly restricts different form of emotionality. This would be the equivalent to defining a dog as a four legged animal, or a domesticated carnivorous animal with four legs, long snout, fur, canine teeth, and a tendency to bark or whine. The former definition sets the bar too low in that every four legged animal can qualify as a dog whereas the latter sets the bar too high in that some dogs may not actually qualify as dogs using that definition. For this reason the definition of a dog has to be somewhere in the middle. Thus when extending this example to emotionality it becomes clear one should take an Aristotelian approach in defining emotion because it would not be polarizing. The emotions we feel (happy, sad, angry, etc) is partly influenced by hormones such as dopamine and partly influenced by our own self-observation of markers. Integrating hormones and self-observation ensures we cover the spectrum of emotionality. This further ensures that the capability of
First given as a speech, this article is written as an attack on human emotion.
Rosen, L. D., Cheever, N. A., Cummings, C., & Felt, J. (2008). The impact of emotionality and