Lit review
Colleges are one of the most studied locations for crime. There are many different forms of crimes and colleges. These colleges can be first classified as two-year or four-year institutions. There are also graduate schools and other levels of institutions. Looking at trends from 1974-1990, the highest rate of crime occurred in medical school, and the lowest amount of crime occurred in two-year institutions. A trend between high crime rates on campus and low unemployment in the community was found. Since there is a crime on college campuses, sexual assaults are the most prevalent form of crime (Volkwein 2017).
Sexual assault is one of the most reported and discussed crimes on college campuses. Sexual assault is one of the biggest
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In a study of 275 women, found a relationship between sexual trauma and risky sexual behavior and that women who reported more sexual traumas also reported high rates of risky sexual behavior. Women who reported sexual trauma also reported high rates of risky sexual behavior (Zinzow 2015). Women who report having multiple partners are also more likely to be sexually assaulted (Franklin 2016). More women who reported being involved in risky sexual behavior were found to have an increased chance of getting a STD or HIV (Jonson 2013). Compared to women, men are much less likely to report sexual coercion and assault. Out of the 238 male participants from a large southeastern university, 68% engaged in sexual coercion and assault. They found that people who had engaged in sexual coercion before the age of 18 would continue, and 81% of repeat offenders repeated again after wave one. Another form of risky behavior can be seen with the use of drugs and alcohol (Zinzow …show more content…
Everything starts when fraternities are look for new members since these men are the future of the fraternity and very similar to existing members. They typically look for the athletic, strong, like to drink type of person instead of nerdy type. Fraternities images relate to their portrait of masculinity (Martin 1989). Inside the fraternity, their peer relationships are strong in Greek life for males, and with these relationships there is a great deal of peer pressure. Men in fraternities are more likely to have greater levels of peer pressure from their friends to have sex and to drink more which leads them to have higher alcohol consumptions (Franklin 2012). When males ‘hook-up’ with women it is a sign of social inclusion (Harris) It said that Fraternity men were more likely to report sexual assault than non-Greek men. These organizations indirectly impacted males with peer pressure for sex, which also is affected by the close proximity to Greek women. There are many factors that increase the chances for sexual assault, but reporting these crimes are low (Franklin and Bouffard and Pratt
As seniors in high school are committed to colleges and getting excited for some of the best years of their lives, they are preparing for early classes, late nights and good times. These teens have been looking forward to these years that have seemed to come so fast. Of course they’re getting excited about picking their dream job and looking forward to meeting life long friends that they should be able to trust. No one thinks about or mentions the number of rapes on college campuses. If the first thing colleges mentioned was the reported rapes on their campuses, would that change the minds of kids that have had a certain college in mind? Besides the reported date rapes, what about the estimated sexual assaults that go unreported? Knowing the facts and statistics about colleges and how they handle sexual assault cases would make anyone getting ready for college think twice about how safe they’re being and who they are trusting.
Walking around a university’s campus any day of the week, one sees an array of Greek letters worn proudly by young men and women in the Greek system. Fraternities and sororities play a big part in a university. The Greek system can also be an easy target to direct criticism. There are those who oppose the Greek system and those who embrace it. Evan Wright opposes the Greek system in his article “Sister Act” that was featured in Rolling Stone Magazine. He uses examples from students at Ohio State University in Columbus to show his disapproval of the way sororities are now days. He portrays sorority girls as catty conformists who are obsessed with partying with fraternity guys. Evan Wright’s insubstantial claim is full of half-truths in reference to alcohol consumption, conformity, and the purpose of sororities; therefore, his critical position that sororities are corrupt is not credible.
... Guys in fraternities gain respect from their ‘brothers’ when they sleep or hook up with a lot of girls. If they don’t try and hook up with girls, or if they have never slept with anyone, they are often looked down upon, or made fun of. If the fraternity is more popular with the girls than other fraternities, they gain a sense of power and more masculinity.
The. Then I will use information from my criminology class to better define violent crime. Lastly, I will explain that rape on campuses is not a cultural component. Colleges should hold clubs such as fraternities and sports to the same level as others and be harshly punished for crimes they commit so they don't feel superior and think they can get away with rape. "Some have argued that fraternities are places where rape is likely to occur on college campuses and that the students most likely to accept rape mouths and be more sexually aggressive are more likely to live in fraternities and sororities, consume higher doses of alcohol and drugs, and place higher value on social life at college."
There is a stereotype for a “frat” guy. Some girls say that they are the party-hard type that sleep around with every girl and get drunk every weekend, but there are also the girls who say that there are many sweet, caring fraternity guys as well. It really depends on the fraternity you are talking about and the girl you are talking to. Are all fraternities exactly the same, or are they each unique in their own way when it comes to being in a relationship with one of their boys?
sexual assault, because they have failed to keep the victim safe and instead favored in
Nicole Johnson*, a 22-year-old senior at an area university looks back at her college experience as graduation approaches, generally happy with how everything turned out, however, a dark cloud still looms over her freshman year when she was raped.
When it comes to sexual assault on college campuses there is also the question of what can colleges do to decrease the amount of sexual assaults. Bradford Richardson and Jon A Shields wondered the same thing, so they conducted an ...
“I felt his hands start to move down towards my shorts as if he was trying to unbutton them or pull them off. I was still crying at this point and felt so scared that I couldn’t move” (Henneberger, 2012). These are words written by a college freshman after she had been raped, but they are true for many others as well. According to the Rape Crisis Center of Medina and Summit Counties, “every two minutes someone in the US is sexually assaulted” (Get the Facts). “Girls ages 16-19 are four times more likely than the than the general population to be victims of sexual assault” (Get the Facts). These women may be described as slut, cheap, or ready for action, rather than victim, sufferer, or survivor. Rape myths encourage these demeaning terms for women and conceal the reality of rape culture. I will describe the pervasiveness of sexual assault on college campuses as well as the systems and procedures in place to address it. Power plays a role in this issue, including the powerful men on campus such as athletes and fraternity members as well as the administrators in power who regulate the punishments and actions that are taken against the perpetrators. The influence of those in power often goes overlooked in our society because it has become so intertwined with our culture.
According to an interview by Beckett Brennan with Katie Couric “95 percent of victims that were sexual assault on college campuses do not report the sexual assault” (The Case). Majority of sexual assaults that happen on a college campus, will never be reported. Colleges should have more of a responsibility when it comes to the sexual assaults on campuses. Colleges need to own up to the sexual assaults, and take responsibility for the sexual assaults. Colleges need to stop pushing sexual assaults away, and need to stand up and do something about the sexual assaults on college campuses. Although sexual assaults are an individuals responsible, colleges should also be responsible in the sexual assaults that happen on college campuses.
An estimated one in five females has experienced sexual assault on a college campus (Dvorak).
College campuses are one of the most popular scenes for crimes of rape to occur. A disturbing statistic resea...
Messman-Moore, L. T, Ward, M. R., & DeNArd, A. K. (2013). The impact of sexual alcohol expectancies and risky behavior on alcohol-involved rape among college women. Violence against women, 19(4), 449.
According to the Uniform Crime Report, a violent crime occurs on an average of every twenty-six seconds in the United States (UCR, National Data). Young people, primarily between the ages of 17 and 19 and in their early twenties, commit the vast majority of crime (Barkan and Bryjak, 33). It is also common for individuals at this age to attend college. Based on the Uniform Crime Report (Table 9), twenty-four colleges and universities have increased enrollment rates from 2005 until 2012 in New York State alone. Despite the consistent increase in the number of individuals continuing their education, it appears that the amount of violent crime has decreased among college campuses. This contradicts the common crime myth that crime is increasing throughout the United States when in fact it is actually slightly decreasing or remaining constant. It is possible for the relationship between increasing enrollment rates and decreasing rates of violent crime to be explained by the common misconception that crime is actually decreasing. However, there is evidence that supports this inverse relationship is due to the underreporting of crime among college campuses, which often happens because the college doesn’t want to damage its reputation. As a result, they choose to deal with the crime themselves rather than getting the authorities involved.
Sexual Violence is a serious problem that can have lasting and harmful effects on victims, their families, friends and communities (“Violence Prevention”). The goal of sexual violence prevention is simple – to stop it from happening in the first place (“Violence Prevention”). In addition prevention efforts should ultimately decrease the number of individuals who perpetrate sexual violence and the number of individuals who are victims (“Violence Prevention”). Strategies that try to equip a potential victim with knowledge, awareness, or self-defense skills are referred to as “risk reduction techniques” (“Violence Prevention”). In addition strategies focused on potential perpetrator attempt to change risks and factors for sexual violence to reduce the likelihood that an individual will engage in sexually violent behavior (“Violence