1. Describe the essential aspects of self-directed, intrinsically motivated, active learner?
We are able to begin to develop abilities in self-directed-studying during our first-year in the college, to be an effective student. We will be spending a considerable time getting information and learning the continuous creation of new information, new skills due to the fast pace of change in culture and technology, and an access to info. Much with this learning will happen at our own initiative. We as a person will have the main responsibility for implementing, planning, and even appraising our learning effort. This what we should understand as self-directed learning.
To be a self-directed learner, we need certainly to develop these four areas:
A. Motivation
Motivation is this energy to study, to learn, achieve and to keep these favorable behaviors with time. Motive is what excites pupils to acquire, transform and use information.
When we try to meet a desire, anticipation, or aim without being affected to accomplish that by another individual, or by an outside incentive or benefit intrinsic determination is. We determine expectations and our own aims, maybe not someone else. Intrinsic motivation is occasionally referred to as self-motivated.
Extrinsic determination, however, is when we are driven to do something or act a specific mode because of external variables. These might include benefits and inducements and even punishments. Someone else usually establishes the aims or expectations. Intrinsic, or self-motivation is a substantially more powerful driver of accomplishment and learning.
Intrinsic motivation supposes that studying is usually a natural and pleasing activity and that we are all created with the inborn capacity to lea...
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...Power Tips for Serious Lifelong Learners. Retrieved from Mission To Learn: http://www.missiontolearn.com/2012/06/lifelong-learning-power-tips/
Cobb, J. (2013, October 8). 15 Ways of the Successful Self-Directed Learner. Retrieved from Mission To Learn: http://www.missiontolearn.com/2013/10/self-directed-learning-success/
Dr. Kathryn Nantz; Dr. Suzanna Klaf. (2014, March 2). Cultivating Self-Directed Learners by Design. Retrieved from www.aacu.org: http://www.aacu.org/meetings/generaleducation/gened2014/documents/CS43.pdf
How Do Students Become Self-Directed Learners? (n.d.). Retrieved from University of Notre Doma: https://blogs.nd.edu/kaneb/2013/04/15/how-do-students-become-self-directed-learners/
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Because teaching is one of the best ways to learn, Honors College takes learning to the next level. Self-directed learning is essentially being able to teach yourself. Teaching yourself means being willing to go above and beyond to learn thoroughly, sometimes by using outside sources. The book The Art of Racing in the Rain, authored by Garth Stein, altered my view on the humanities.
Self-directed or independent learning is a strategy which focuses on giving responsibility for students in their own learning. McInerney et al. (2015) state that this strategy is likely well-suited to teach adult learners since adults are autonomous learners. The example of applying this strategy in learning is by giving a project to students that lasts over several days and this is largely unsupervised. This is often employed by university lecturers when they give assignments to their students.
The first of the three, intrinsic motivation, explains that the individual does something purely out of enjoyment, and that the activity is gratifying in itself. Vallerand and O’Connor (1989) came up with a three part grouping of intrinsic motivation. There is intrinsic motivation to experience stimulation, which is doing something for the sensory pleasure it brings, like a person parachuting because they enjoy the sensation of falling through the air. Intrinsic motivation to know relates to doing an activity in order to learn. A person taking an online class to learn more on that field shows off this type of motivation. The last part of intrinsic motivation is to accomplish. This refers to an individual performing an activity for the pleasure of achievement, creating, or to surpass oneself. When a person is focused more on the process of achievement rather than the actual achievements results, they are intrinsically motivated through accomplishment (Vallerand and Grouzet, 2001). Extrinsic motivation is present whenever there some kind of external factors waiting for the individual at the end of the activity. There are four different forms of extrinsic motivation, which are defined by the degree to which the motivation is self-determined (Lapointe and Perreault, 2013). First of the four is integrated regulation, which means an individual joined
John Keller’s A.R.C.S. (ARCS) Model of Motivational Design is broken down into four different steps Attention, Relevance, Confidence and Satisfaction (ARCS). These are the steps of Keller’s believes will encourage and sustain motivation in the learning process. The first step is Attention it has two components perceptual arousal and inquiry arousal. The perceptual arousal uses the element of surprise, intrigue and uncertainty to stimulate interest. The inquiry arousal challenges ones intellect and stimulate ones inquisitiveness by asking questions and giving problems to solved. The use of videos presentation, discussion groups and lectures (Keller, 2006). The use of humor is very effective in gaining attention but, not too much because it can be distracting from the topic being taught. (Keller, 2006)...
Once stated by Dwight D. Eisenhower, “Motivation is the art of getting people to do what you want them to do because they want to do it.” The aforementioned ideology places an emphasis on an individual’s internal desires, rather than an outside/external force driving the individual’s consciousness (cognitive evaluation.) Therefore intrinsic motivation is one in which an individual 's own desire comes from within; a relentless and genuine passion for an intended goal. On the contrary, when an individual relies on external factors such as, a reward or any other form of external reinforcement, an extrinsic motivation is exhibited. Although society likes to stress the importance in pursuing an internal motivation, in today 's modern world, an extrinsic factor far outweighs an internal desire to accomplish an objective.
Teachers are able to set clear goals for learning and relate that learning to the needs of the students therefore motivating the intrinsic learner. While teachers should predominately use intrinsic motivators in their classrooms extrinsic motivators do have their place in motivating the extrinsically orientated student. Extrinsic motivators though should be used with caution as students will only ...
“In its broadest meaning, ’self-directed learning’ describes a process by which individuals take the initiative, with our without the assistance of others, in diagnosing their learning needs, formulating learning goals, identify human and material resources for learning, choosing and implement appropriate learning strategies, and evaluating learning outcomes.” (Knowles, Holton, Swanson, 2011, p. 18)
An intrinsic motivation is characterized as a motivation for the sack of doing it. There is no external reward for completing the specific task in intrinsic motivation. The motivation come from the person 's desire to complete the task because they know the task itself is rewarding enough. An internal motivation differs slightly from intrinsic motivation. Internal motivation is strictly from the desire and willingness of the person to complete the task. External motivation is a motivation factored by outside influences. Whether the outside influence is negative or positive, the motivation comes from money, grades, awards, tokens, criticism, or punishments.
Driscoll, M. P. (2000) Psychology of Learning for Instruction. (2nd ed.) Boston: Allyn and Bacon.
The next task these groups were asked to complete was to test the children’s ability to self-teach. Two sessions were conducted. The first session took place a week before the sec...
Intrinsically motivated behaviors are those that one does for enjoyment of the activity itself. There is no external reward for these behaviors, and it is seen as a prototype for autonomous behaviors. Extrinsically motivated behaviors are those that one does to illicit a direct consequence. In some cases, one might behave a certain way to avoid punishment, or alternatively, to receive a reward. Most people are extrinsically motivated to go to work every day. There are four different types of extrinsic motivation: External, introjected, identified, and integrated. For certain activities, Amotivation can occur, which usually has negative effects. This occurs when people’s needs aren’t being satisfied by whatever they are doing. Each of the types of motivation can be located on The Self-Determination
According to Robert E. Quinn(p.205) there are two types of motivation (extrinsic and intrinsic). Extrinsic motivation refers to the source of motivation in which the behavior concern external factors such as money, praise or rewards. Whereas intrinsic motivation is the behavior which is internally concerning an individual.
Self-concept of the learner- Adult learners are naturally self- directed which means they will take ownership of what and how to learn and how to manage their time and learning.
According to Greenberg (1999), motivation is defined “as a process of arousing, directing and maintaining behavior towards a goal.” Where “directing” refers to the selection of a particular behavior; and ‘maintenance” refers to the inclination to behave with consistency in that manner until the desired outcome is met.
At the end I would like to include that the most important thing in learning process is being intrinsically motivated. Because it satay us lifelong. If you have no motive that means we won’t have any goals of our life. So as a student we all should have a certain targets towards our