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History and development of computers
History of computer development
History of computer development
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Cloud computing is being heralded as the onrushing future of computing. In fact, in many ways, cloud computing is already here, and has been for some time. The most obvious example of cloud computing is Google Mail. Cloud computing, simply defined, is the implementation of computing services using shared hardware, shared software and in many cases even shared information. Google Mail, for example, makes e-mail services available using a widespread, highly redundant network of systems that remove that same functionality and data from the user’s computer, putting it “in the cloud” where it can be plucked back out as needed – from any capable device such as a smart phone, computer or internet kiosk.
Cloud computing is sort of like the first computers come full circle – in the early days of computing, users at terminals with no computing power to speak of made use of the number-crunching capabilities of mainframes in a shared fashion – in fact, the model of computer use was called “time-sharing.” As the personal computer grew in power and capabilities while also becoming a cheap...
Cloud is the result of a decade research in the field of distributing computing , utility computing, virtualization , grid computing and more recently software, network services and web technology which is changeable evolution on demanding technology and services also as looking to the rapid growth of cloud computing which have changed the global computing infrastructure as well as the concept of computing resources toward cloud infrastructure. The important and interest of cloud computing increasing day by day and this technology receives more and more attention in the world (Jain, 2014) the mostly widely used definition of cloud computing is introduced by NIST “as a model for enabling a convenient on demand network access
7. “What cloud computing really means.” By Eric Knorr, Galen Gruman. Accessed. 21 November 2013. < http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/what-cloud-computing-really-means-031 >
What concerns the government of the United States most is the security of the critical infrastructure from the cyber threats. The nation is depending heavily on the technology in most of its critical sectors to keep it up and running. Thus, this makes its more vulnerable to cyber-attacks from outsiders and insiders. Therefore, its protection must be a priority.
The use of cloud computing has implications in the entire globe. This is because statistics reveals that development of cloud computing can generate €88 billion to the EU gross domestic product by 2020. Additionally, it can lead to both the loss and the creation of jobs. Considering the legal, issues, future trends and the implications of cloud computing, it sufficed to conclude that the industry has numerous potential for growth.
With the increase of digital communications and transactions, a stronger level of security is required to protect the user and their data transactions. Systems, servers, personal computers, mobile devices, tokens and smart cards are all being used ubiquitously to view protected communications. With the influx of data management, there is an ever-apparent contest between the two adversaries in the game of Information Security: the developers and the hackers. PKI was designed to leverage the Internet infrastructure for communications (CITE Samuelle 2009). While minimizing hostile exploitation of data, decreasing data theft, and providing an additional layer of trust through keys pairs and digital certificates, PKI is used to verify the identity of the user and the authenticity of the data.
When they wanted to save photos online instead of on your personal computer, they are able to use “cloud computing” service. Cloud computing means that the transfer of computing data or information over the internet. Not just to keep data in your personal computer, they are able to save the data on internet server to open their data in any computer. In this report we will walk through about what is cloud computing, what kinds of model did cloud computing have, types of cloud computing, benefits of cloud computing, and security.
From our research we can describe Cloud computing as both a platform and a type of application. The Cloud computing platform offers, configures, reconfigures and provisions hardware and software services as needed. Server equipment in the cloud can be physical or virtual machines. Clouds in actuality also offer storage area networks (SANs), network equipment, firewall and other security devices. Cloud computing refers to applications that are not stored or ran from the local systems, but that exist on the cloud and are accessed remotely. Any user with suitable internet connection and standard browser can access a pool of virtualized computer resources in the cloud.
We face the new paradigm of “cloud” computing, in which anything that can be done in
The term “Cloud” is very popular among entrepreneurs and marketers, but it simply means the wonders of Internet. Cloud computing shares the same concept as utility computing, in which all the computers are connected through a network and shared computing resources, such as computation, storage and services, over the network. Typically, there are three major models of cloud computing services on the market, which are software as a service (SaaS), platform as a service (PaaS), and infrastructure as a service (IaaS).
Cybersecurity is the technology that protects computers and networks from unauthorized personnel. Ever since computers have expanded to homes and the workplace; the need for cyber security has grown exponentially. Millions of people around the world have access to the internet at a given time, and this allows for predators to attack, scam, hack, and intrude on personal and government information. Cybersecurity is designed to counteract these attempts to ultimately allow for safe networks and computers.
Cloud computing facilitates sharing of computing and storage resources with the aim of reducing computing expenses in organizations. Moreover, cloud computing facilitates information sharing among individuals within a cloud. Despite being advantageous, data stored in a cloud is usually prone to hacking and other security issues. This paper addresses the various mitigation measures that organizations are using to ensure that data stored in the cloud is secure.
Businesses would have a room where they store their data which they would need to protect as it would be very important for the business to securely hold. This would be important as the business would need to make sure that the details that they hold of the customers is secure as it could get misused and then the business would be the ones that caused this. The business may start to lose customers and sales as their reputation would be affected. This is important because of the Data Protection Act. All personal information of students must be protected by the school. If this was to go wrong such as hacking, they would have access to addresses of students and information of parents. Also the documents that contain personal information may be misplaced so people that get hold of this would use this for the wrong use such as identity theft. Example of this would be, Moseley park as they would have personal information of the students and they would have a rooms where this is stored, so to protect this when the teachers want to access the documents they store it in a locked room and only the staff would have the key to the door. There would be cameras around the room so they can monitor to access the room. The business would be making sure that they have all of their data backed up so that when they lose something they are able to recover it. This is important because the business may lose data, or they may be affected by a virus so they would have a copy of the data. Also the computer’s hardware may have problems, so the computer might not be working so they wouldn’t have access to the documents. If this was to go wrong the school may lose their documents as the computer may stop working a...
The key management problem is an bigger issue in sensor field. Each and every sensor nodes are needed to transmit the node, then only the data’s are reached to base station, so each and every sensor node within a group need an keys to transmit the data. While attacker entered and also get the full access of sensor node, and ready to hack data, but they need to wait. Because the node are none of the keys at the time, transmitting time only the nodes get access of keys from the cluster head. A cluster having a variety of group in the network and each and every groups are specified using their names. All of the groups are having the number of nodes to transmit the information over the network.
An attacker looks for poorly configured network devices to exploit. Common vulnerabilities include weak default installation settings, wide open access controls and unpatched devices. To gather information from the encrypted network traffic attacker places the packet sniffing tool on the network. Sniffing is the act of monitoring network traffic for data such as clear-texts passwords or other configuration credentials. Usually transmitted information carried along during an Secure SHELL session cannot be seen but other information such as sender’s and receiver’s IP addresses, DNS requests to resolve hostname, port numbers and the amount of data is visible. If the traffic along the network is encrypted by the attacker, the attacker can see which sites are visited, amount of data received and sent and the port numbers used for the connection. Using a simple packet sniffer, all plaintext traffic can be read easily. This becomes possible because of weak physical security or lack of encryption during the process of sendin...
In cloud computing, the word cloud is used as a metaphor for “the internet”. So the cloud computing means “a type of internet-based computing”, where different services such as servers, storage and applications are delivered to an organization’s computers and devices through the internet.