School-Based CSA Prevention Programs
According to Chesney-Lind’s (1989/2014) feminist theory, female criminality stems from gender inequality and early childhood abuse. She made it very clear that girls and young women are at a disadvantage because they grow up experiencing life differently than boys and young men. In consequence, many run away from home and fall into crime, specially prostitution, as a way of survival. School-based CSA prevention programs, however, emerged to combat child prostitution and sex trafficking. They provide children with the necessary tools to obviate sexual exploitation and abuse (Crime Solutions, n.d.).
School-based CSA prevention programs strive to reduce children’s risk of being sexually exploited. They educate their members about sexual abuse and provide them with the skills necessary to recognize dangerous situations and report victimization. These programs identify the circumstances that Chesney-Lind (1989/ 2014) argued push children and adolescents toward crime. Chesney-Lind (1989/2014) belabors that girls and young women who
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4). CSA prevention programs employ two methodologies: “information-based training and behavioral skills training” (Crime Solutions, n.d., para. 5). Information-based training involves educational films, discussions, writing assignments, and lectures. Behavior skills training consists of role-playing scenarios dealing with sexual harassment. Some CSA prevention programs are strictly aimed at preschoolers, whereas others focus on elementary students or middle schoolers. However, in general, CSA prevention programs teach children and adolescents about appropriate and inappropriate touching, how to say no to sexual harassment, and most importantly, how to speak with authority and
Thesis: Children go astray and get involved in crimes and gang behaviors due to parents lacks of knowledge of how to topple and prevent such circumstance to happen – however, with a help from a local government and other crime and gang prevention programs can establish an effective early childhood awareness program(s) that would be capable to lend a hand and give information to helpless mothers whom are indecisive of how to suppress and prevent their kids to be vulnerable to delinquency.
As the system came in contact with younger and younger individuals in the sex trade, it was merely a matter of discussion, not action. It was through advocacy efforts, lobbying, and educational propagation that the message was reaching law enforcement officers, juvenile probation officers, and judges entrusted with upholding justice (Musto, 2013). Various community partners have been sought after to be trained and educated on minor sex trafficking that there was never a choice to enter the sex trade, rather an involuntary act of coercion by a traffickers (Musto, 2013). When the shift occurred from punitive to rehabilitative hope was planted for all those children still out in the sex trade fighting for their lives would not have to fear a juvenile
...Angeles Unified School District (LAUSD), currently enrolls more than 640,000 students through out the county (Dauter, Fuller, 2016). Promoting a culture of prevention aim at educating youth, should incorporate policy advocacy interventions that can be embedded and take root within one of the largest school district in the country. It would be within a social worker’s scope of practice to adopt an integrated, ecological framework for understanding the origins of gender-based violence (Heise, Lori1998) .It would be fitting and corresponding for social workers at all levels to allocate a strategy for social change aim at violence prevention (Futures Without Violence, 2016). By working hand in hand with LAUSD, social workers can provide a universal prevention approached that addresses domestic violence while urging community participation, primarily high school seniors.
Burton, D. L., Miller, D. L., & Shill, C. T. (2002). A social learning theory comparison of the sexual victimization of adolescent sexual offenders and nonsexual offending male delinquents. Child Abuse and Neglect: The International Journal, 26, 893-907.
...Reducing the social exclusion of girls. New York: The Population Council. [Online] [Accessed on 10th December 2013] Available from: http://www.popcouncil.org/pdfs/TABriefs/PGY_Brief27_SocialExclusion.pdf
Kopp and Miltenberger sent surveys to 97 Child Protective Service workers in North Dakota, in which 23 surveys were returned. Participants were informed that the scenarios were designed for use in assessing the sexual abuse prevention skills of 10 year old children. The participants were advised to rate the scenarios based on validity and social acceptability.
This means that each setting will have safeguarding policies and procedures regarding child protection, health and safety, bullying, whistle blowing, and e-safety. In day-to-day practices this means that teachers and support staff have to be constantly mindful of child protection procedures. This includes maintaining a safe environment, wearing ID badges and restricting physical contact such as hugs. Furthermore, on a day-to-day basis staff need to know how to identify the signs of abuse and neglect, know how to report concerns and who to as well as maintaining the child’s right to privacy. Training is provided for teachers and support staff on their roles, responsibilities and recognising the signs of abuse.
However, these percentages are based on retrospective studies and are founded on reports from victims that disclose their abuse. The book “Stolen Tomorrows” by Steven Levenkron states, "The National Crime Victims Research and Treatment Center reports that only 16 percent of adolescent and adult rapes are brought to light. The reports of childhood, toddler and even infant sexual assault are of course much lower..." the consequences that follow the victims of CSA for the rest of their lives are usually so severe that even if only five percent of the population reported abuse it would still be a relevant issue. Childhood sexual abuse affects the development of sexuality, creates problems in developing intimacy and leads to many mood and anxiety disorders that follow victims for the rest of their lives.
Cauffman, E., Grisso, T., & Sickmund, M. Future of Children. (2009) Understanding the Female Offender, 18, 5. Retrieved May 7, 2014, from www.futureofchildren.org
While all feminist theorists share a common focus on gender inequality, there are differing views on the source of the problem and the ultimate solution. Liberal Feminists Freda Adler and Rita argued that sociological factors, not physiology, best explain women’s criminality. There is a strong relationship between women’s emancipation and the increase in female crime rates. As women become more liberated and become more involved in full time jobs, they are more likely to engage in the types of crime that men commit. Thrasher, a leading exponent of the social disorganization perspective, felt that girls and women committed less crime because they were more closely supervised by boys and men. These arguments lacked any factual support.
...ces. In this project, local advocates and volunteers work in collaboration with schools, churches and community organizations providing educational presentations on the effects of domestic violence on children. Parents also learn non-violent parenting skills, enabling them to deal with their children effectively. They also provide a 24-hour crisis line, a place to sleep, clothing, food, medical treatment referrals, and assistance with reporting crimes to police and prosecutors. This program has helped reduce the crime, and strengthen the children?s self-esteem through community service. Relationship building is a prime focus, and they learn how to create healthy relationship with others. We still have a long way to go in the future. Activists must continue to promote public awareness of domestic violence, and help to make this country a better place to live.
Traditionally, there has been little research on or interest in the impact of female crime in modern society. In addition, juvenile crime rates are on the rise, which combine for a void of research or information on female juvenile offenders. In general, crime rates for women offenders have risen since the 1990's. Increasing numbers of young women are also offending at higher rates. In a 1996 U.S. Department of Justice Report, the number of arrests of young women had doubled between 1989 and 1993. Twenty percent of all juvenile arrests were committed by girls, an increase of 87 percent. However, according to The National Study of Delinquency Prevention in Schools, males are far more likely to admit to criminal involvement than are females. For example, 12 percent of males and 4 percent of females reported carrying a hidden weapon other than a pocketknife in the past year (Wilson, p.150). There are several theories for this rise in crime proposed by modern feminists, including that the introduction of women into traditional male roles prompted women to commit increasingly dangerous and violent crimes. However, this paper will rely on Meda Chesney-Lind's theories from The Female Offender.
Sex offenders have been a serious problem for our legal system at all levels, not to mention those who have been their victims. There are 43,000 inmates in prison for sexual offenses while each year in this country over 510,000 children are sexually assaulted(Oakes 99). The latter statistic, in its context, does not convey the severity of the situation. Each year 510,000 children have their childhood's destroyed, possibly on more than one occasion, and are faced with dealing with the assault for the rest of their lives. Sadly, many of those assaults are perpetrated by people who have already been through the correctional system only to victimize again. Sex offenders, as a class of criminals, are nine times more likely to repeat their crimes(Oakes 99). This presents a
The Feminist Theory argues that due to the high rates of female poverty, and women raising children on their own, they are more likely to turn to less violent crimes for money (Macionis. 2015). The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'S For example, in 2013 women made up 41% of fraud arrests, 48% of embezzlement, and 68% of prostitutes (Macionis). 2015). The 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'Secondary' of the 'S Unfortunately, the response to crimes committed by women is not much better. When it comes to policing for certain crimes, women are arrested in higher numbers.
Loeber, R and Farrington, D (2000). Young children who commit crime: Epidemiology, developmental origins, risk factors, early interventions, and policy implications. Development and Psychopathology, , pp 737-762.