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Robert Oppenheimer: Father of The Atomic Bomb Robert Oppenheimer, born in 1904, was a man of intelligence and thought. He was a man that changed the world with his creation that he would soon regret. The life of Robert Oppenheimer is rather interesting starting at a young age. When Robert was a child he was very sickly. Because of this, his parents forbid him to play outside like many other children. While inside he absorbed knowledge from books of literature, science, and languages. He would sometimes say “ask me a question in Latin and I will answer you in Greek”(Sheinkin 9). But besides his vast amounts of knowledge he was described as “stick-skinny” (Sheinkin 9). At the age of fourteen, Roberts parents attempted to “toughen up” their kid(Sheinkin …show more content…
Latter he decided to teach Physics at Princeton University in New Jersey. He was a chain smoker. According to one of his students, Edward Gerjuoy, “His lectures were lightning bursts of ideas, theories, and math on the black board. He spoke rapidly, and puffed equally rapidly”(Sheinkin 10). During World War Two, the FBI watched certain americans that were suspected communists. One of these americans was Robert Oppenheimer. He was repeatedly asked to give information to the Soviet Union but never …show more content…
Robert Oppenheimer was asked to help build a hydrogen bomb but refused. The US tested their first hydrogen bomb on an island in the Pacific Ocean in 1952. The explosion was 500 times more powerful than an atomic bomb. The Soviet Union soon followed. Lewis Strauss, chairman of the AEC(Atomic Energy Commision), sued Oppenheimer for two reasons. “Attempting to weaken America by trying to subdue the making of the hydrogen bomb and disloyalty to the US because of ‘close Soviet contacts’”(Sheinkin 234). The AEC said “Dr. Oppenheimer is not entitled to the continued confidence of the government”(Sheinkin 234). Afterwards he was sad and depressed. To sum up, Robert Oppenheimer was always ill during childhood so turned to learning for relief but was commonly bullied. After exceeding in math and science, he went to Harvard University and got advanced degrees in Europe. Years later, his greatest accomplishment was building the atomic bomb in which he soon regretted. He foresaw it would start a competition between America and Russia to make the most powerful bombs. He was then taken to court for weakening America and communism. This lead to depression until his death on February 18,
I am reading Bomb by Steve Sheinkin. At the beginning of the book, Oppenheimer, who is the main chemical scientist in the novel, sees the effects of the Great Depression on his pupils when they cannot buy chemistry textbooks. During Oppenheimer’s time as a professor, the Nazis discovered the splitting of the uranium atom. When Albert Einstein found out that about the discovery the Nazis did, he informs President Roosevelt about how the Nazis plan to develop atomic weapons. Harry Gold who is a Communist spy, starts to work with the KGB. And starts to steal ideas and projects from the American Uranium Committee.
The super bomb in which America and Russia were trying to build was in fact the Hydrogen Bomb. This bomb had an unlimited blast potential and for the country who possessed it unlimited power. The A-bomb’s explosion was based on the principal of fission (the splitting of atoms), however the H-bomb’s explosion was base on fusion (the coming together of atoms). In August of 1945 Russian President Stalin, turns up the nuclear project in Russia. He put Barria whom was in charge of the secret police, to head the Russian Nuclear program. An American scientist named Edward Teller solicited the American government to build the H-bomb. He was born in Hungary and had learned to fear the communists and the Russians. In April of 1946 the Super Conference was held. Klaus Fuchs was a scientist that worked for Teller at Los Alamos, he told the Russians how to build the A-bomb, and also about Tellers ideas of the H-bomb. He was arrested for spying for the Russians. By chance the Americans found out that there were traces of radioactive material in the air over Russia. They pieced together that Russia had the A-bomb they decided to go ahead with plans to build the super bomb. President Truman came to the conclusion that no matter how bad of a weapon the H-bomb was if was better if we had if first. America had lost some of its power and wanted to gain a new edge. General Curtis Lamay was put in charge of Strategic Air Command to protect America from the threat of nuclear war. Lamay was the ranking Air Force General over the Skies of the pacific and was the man for the job. His strategy was to have an abundant amount of bombers ready to strike every major city in the Soviet Union. He wanted everyone in the Army and Air Force to act as if war was not far away.
Despite all of the security used by the officials in charge of the “Manhattan Project,” soviet spies managed to leak information to the Soviet Union that allowed them to create a nuclear bomb of their own. Klaus Fuchs, an important scientist to the “Manhattan Project,” managed to move throughout the project and provide crucial information to the Soviets. David Greenglass also provi...
With his experience he had many doubts about the Hydrogen Bomb, whether it would work. “Oppenheimer and others on technical and moral grounds had initially opposed building the H-bomb, seeking instead an international moratorium on its development” (Teller and Ulam).
After being taken by the Germans convinced others that they still had the lead in developing a fission weapon. It all started with the “Hungarian conspiracy” that had everyone convinced that the creation of a nuclear bomb was possible, but that the German government was already doing research in this field of study on such a weapon. To the rest of the world, the thought of Adolf Hitler might be the first to gain control of a weapon this destructive would be terrifying to the United States. Right, then they decided that the administration of President Franklin D. Roosevelt must be warned about the dangers and that the United States must begin its research department. As the planned gave way, Einstein was to write a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt about the possibilities and dangers of the atomic weapons, and later was taken to the president.
There was also many scientists that helped Oppenheimer obviously. Enrico Fermi played a big role in making the bomb as
Gravity (n): extreme or alarming importance; seriousness. As people grow and mature, they encounter experiences that force them to make decisions full of great gravity. These decisions cause them to be extremely careful when choosing their own paths in life. In August of 1945, atomic bombs descended upon Hiroshima and Nagasaki, killing over 40,000 casualties. As America decided to drop the atomic bombs, a massive controversy was created within the country. Most officials attempted to hide the fact of the atomic bombs, hoping that secrecy would prevent problems. As well, many feared of the consequences, such as death, extended war, etc., would arise due to the effect of these bombs. Finally, many believed that releasing the bombs aided in the ending of the war, while others believed it only caused more destruction.
“Early in 1939, The worlds scientific community discovered that German physicists had learned the secrets of splitting the uranium atom and word spread quickly and several countries began to duplicate the experiment.” Albert Einstein warned President Roosevelt that Germany may have already built an atomic bomb. Roosevelt did not see an urgency for such a project, but agreed to proceed slowly. In 1941, British scientists pushed America to develop an atomic weapon. America’s effort was slow until 1942 when Colonel Leslie Groves took over. He quickly chose personnel, production sites and set schedules to invent the atomic
The U.S. decided to develop the atomic bomb based on the fear they had for the safety of the nation. In August 1939 nuclear physicists sent manuscripts to Albert Einstein in fear the Germany might use the new knowledge of fission on the uranium nucleus as way to construct weapons. In response, on August 2, 1939, Einstein sent a letter to President Roosevelt concerning the pressing matter to use uranium to create such weapons before Germany (Doc A-1). To support the development of the atomic bomb, President Roosevelt approved the production of the bomb following the receipt that the bomb is feasible on January 19, 1942. From this day to December of 1942, many laboratories and ...
On August 6, 1945, the Japanese city of Hiroshima was evaporated by the first atomic bomb. Two days later, the second city, Nagasaki, was vaporized by another atomic explosion. The following month, September 2, 1945, the Japanese Empire surrendered. The man who was responsible for the core mechanics of the weapon was a Dr. J. Robert Oppenheimer. What most people don’t realize is the anguish of making such a destructive weapon haunted him for the rest of his days.
The USA’s new weapon, the Hydrogen bomb, or H-bomb, was one of the most powerful weapons of the time. In 1950, the H-bomb was tested in the Eniwetok Atoll, Marshall Islands (Cold War History). The reaction was so fierce, the explosion wiped the island off the face of the earth, leaving a crater on the ocean floor. The explosion reached a range of 25 square miles and had a mushroom cloud which dropped radioactive fallout on the surrounding areas (The Cold War Museum). This new weapon scared the Soviet Union into creating their own bombs.
The atomic bomb was created to be mass destructive. This was self-evident when the United States dropped two atomic bombs on Japan. This decision was made by Harry S. Truman. Knowing how an atomic bomb is created, its' history and the effects it had on the economy could help people realize the reasoning behind such a bomb. These bombs were made for a purpose. Robert Oppenheimer was the father of the atomic bomb, although Albert Einstein received a lot of credit for his work with the startup of atomic bombs. The Manhattan Project, based in Los Alamos, was a very keen organization that helped the United States become a world power. Over one hundred thousand workers took in this project. People that were not only contributing for personal gain, but for the pride of their country.
The Manhattan Project was led by American physicists J. Robert Oppenheimer and directed by General Leslie Graves. The project employed over 130,000 people and the total cost by the end of production was nearly 2 billion dollars, 20 billion dollars in today’s currency. Oppenheimer’s early education was at the Ethnical Culture School in New York. He took classes in math and science and many languages such as Greek, Latin, French, and German. He learned Dutch in only six weeks to give a speech in the Netherlands. He was also interested in classic and eastern philosophy.
When the United States caught word that Germany was close to creating the atomic bomb, J. Robert Oppenheimer and other scientists wanted to create it first, for the U.S. After three years of research, the first small atomic device was exploded on July 16, 1945 in the lab at Los Alamos. Having proved their concept worked, a larger scale bomb was built. Less than a month later, atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in Japan (Rosenberg).
J. Robert Oppenheimer is a very good scientist because he has a passion for learning ever since he was a young child. "From the ages of seven through twelve, Robert had three solitary but all-consuming passions: minerals, writing, and reading poetry, and building with blocks. By the age of twelve, he was using the family typewriter to correspond with a number of well-know local geologists about the rock formations he had studied at central park" (Bird, 14). He loved to collect rocks when he was little, labeling each with their scientific names. The way he has achieved the admiration of geologists and rock collectors showed his brilliance in his early years. Ever since his grandfather gave him the encyclopedia of architecture, Oppenheimer has developed a deep love for blocks, which would come in later on in the construction and design of the atomic bombs. During his school days, Oppenheimer would "receive every idea as perfectly beautiful" (Bird 22). He loved to learn, and was skipped a few levels because of his brilliance.