Exam 9 HMS 107 question 2
Identify and explain four of the eight original basic steps of Reality Therapy as written by William Glasser. What is the purpose of each step? What is included? How will the leader know when it is completed?
Intro
There are many theories out there that attempt to find a way to help people solve their problems. To do this though requires making a choice. A theoretical position is nothing more than taking a position on what are the causes of a person’s problems are and how to approach solving them. There are many divergent positions on how to solve a person’s problems, one of them is called “reality therapy” (Gladding, pg. 331). We’ll discuss what the premise of this therapy is, the steps they use to solve problems
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331). It believes that all behavior “is generated within ourselves for the purpose of satisfying one or more basic needs” (Gladding, pg. 331). Reality theory does not believe that “we react to outside events but internal needs” (Gladding, pg. 331). This is based on four psychological needs the reality theory believes a human is motivated by. These include “belonging, power, freedom and fun and survival” (Gladding, pg. 331). One interesting point the author makes is that “the origin of fun is the new human brain while survival is the old human brain” (Gladding, pg. 331). When a person has a problem, if they are participating in reality therapy; “the basic premise is that regardless of their problem is that they are not satisfying an internal need they have” (Gladding, pg. …show more content…
Negative behaviors arise when one of these needs aren’t being met. Reality theory sues eight steps to help people overcome these negative behaviors and thought processes. By following and completing each step the person begins to control their behaviors. A group leader can judge whether the group has been successful by several realizations that each member must realize. When group members have moved past their self-defeating patterns, no longer become discouraged upon failures and are more aware of their values the group can be determined a
...ed. In fact, they responded with exclamations like, “I guess that could be true.” The interpretation seemed like a stretch by the therapist even in a training video about psychodynamic therapy! I had to wonder what it might look like in real life. Overall, I felt like this therapy might work on clients like the ones portrayed, i.e. clingy self-doubting ones. The techniques seemed to huddle in the arena of suggestibility. In the end I couldn’t help but wonder how such techniques would work on more self-aware strong-willed people like myself.
This assignment is an attempt to discuss two different theories of Behavior Theory and Solution-Focused Therapy from the text book “Theories for Direct Social Work Practice” by Joseph Walsh.
The theory that I chose to analyze in this paper is the constructivist approach with a dual use of both the Solution-Focused Therapy (SFT) and Narrative Therapy. In my worldview change happens when an individual is motivated to persist and accomplish their goals. In my own personal philosophy, I am optimistic that every student is capable of discovering a solution that best fits in solving their problem and that everything we do in life is interconnected to helping us accomplish our ideal goals. I plan to work with first generation college students after completing the Educational Counseling program at USC and see the Constructivist approach to best accommodate the needs of first generation college student population. I see every
According to Glasser (1965), “reality therapy is a treatment based on changing negative behavior, habits and relationships by focusing on the present or current situations.” An essential aspect of Reality Therapy focuses on the five needs of survival, love and belonging, achievement and power, independence and freedom, and fun, being essential for individuals to ascend through life and establish relationships (Content Guide 5, n.d.). The various techniques utilized during Reality Therapy include: exploring behavior as a focus of change, focusing on the present situation, the adolescent assumes responsibility, a friendly relationship exists between the therapist and patient, the therapist is patient with the individual, the individual considers their ability to change, and lastly the therapist takes into consideration specific factors that are in control of the individual (Content Guide 5, n.d.). In the video, we see the Dr. McFarland create a both friendly and comfortable environment where Adrianne is able to express her opinions and thoughts of her present situation with her parents. Dr. McFarland is also patient with Adrianne, and this is one of the strengths of Reality Therapy, since the way the questions are presented to Adrianne, for example “what are the things your parents need to see from you”, this allows Adrianne to take responsibility and focus on the present situation. One limitation/weakness
This is also seen in what is reality is; what one society sees as reality, the other sees as fantasy. With the psycho reality theory, no culture is right wrong. The rights and wrongs is dependent on the society one is living in. In Botswana, society fails to believe in psychological disorders. This is to the extent that those suffering for these disorders are immediately labelled as mentally retarded (setsenwa) or a criminal. For example, in Botswana, if a person attempts to commit suicide, they are prosecuted or taken to mental institution. Psycho reality theory allows individuals to fully understand that there are people with the ability to identify reality and that cases of such should not be ignored or label, instead they should be dealt with an open mind and acceptance to
The therapist will ask a variety of questions and based on the responses they will seek meaning in those responses, a type of Socratic line of questioning. This line of questioning is to get the patient to view problems differently and come up with alternative solutions. When these alternative solutions are identified then experiments can be conducted to test if these solutions will work. When the patient responds with avoidance, lessened activity or behaviors that can be detrimental to their treatment they risk having the problems continuing or the person feeling worse. The therapist will work to gradually lessen the patient’s anxiety to the point where they are comfortable with trying new behavior skills that will eventually get rid of the
In regards to the questions and answers, I feel as though my personal approach to counseling is based off of my own priorities I set forth in myself that follow more closely to the aspects of Reality Therapy, and Adlerian Therapy. Though Reality Therapy primarily focuses on the present, it still has some grounding in the past but not as much as Adlerian does. Even knowing this I still feel these two therapies are more closely related to my own belief system. I am in agreement with Reality Therapy, in that we are responsible for the choices we make. I trust that we can exercise great control over our lives, over how we can change to better ourselves, and to better our relationships with those around us. I feel that we all as a society are influenced by basic needs: belonging, survival, freedom, and power, and that these needs can be used as motivational tool when working with clients.
Reality therapy is based on the principles of Choice theory, which stresses that individual behavior and human motivation is all purposeful and intentional in order to satisfy human basic needs (Wubbolding, 2015). The basic needs are that drive all humans are survival, love and belonging, power, freedom, and fun (Correy, 2013). Thus according to choice theory our actions and behaviors are consciously driven by the need to fulfill these basic needs. Human beings are thus not affected or guided by past experiences or unconscious motivations, but by their ability to control the present. The most important of these needs according to Glasser (2000) is the need for love and belonging, which can be defined as the need to have and build meaningful relationships with others. If any of an individual’s basic human needs are not met then the individual is faced with problematic or internal
In consequence, humanists and existentialists argue that people who mostly receive judgment and criticism for their behaviors are more vulnerable to developing a psychological disorder because they fail to recognize their worth (Comer, 2016, pg. 110). Overall, the humanistic-existential treatment model objective is to change clients’ harsh self-standards as they gain self-awareness and self-acceptance by valuing and giving meaning to their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors (Comer, 2016, pg. 110). The main types of therapy for this model are client-centered therapy, gestalt therapy, and existential therapy. In these type of treatments, practitioners avoid giving personal remarks and their opinions, because they allow the client to control the session by creating a supportive and warm atmosphere in which clients are able to accept their weaknesses as well as their strengths while critiquing themselves honestly in an attempt to find their own solutions (Comer, 2016,
Narrative therapy is a family counseling approach that continues to evolve and gain popularity in the field of therapy (Chang & Nylund, 2013). Given the continued strides of narrative therapy this is a family counseling approach worthy of research. This paper will detail the beginnings of narrative therapy and those responsible for its development. Although White and Epston are the leading figures of narrative therapy many individuals with varying backgrounds and beliefs influenced their thinking (Biggs & Hinton-Bayre, 2008).
Summers, R.F., & Barber, J.P. (2010). Psychodynamic therapy: A guide to evidence-based practice. New York: Guildford Press.
The psychodynamics theory which was introduced by Freud to understand the human mind and psyche, reached a new level in the continuous analysis from therapists. Psychodynamics originally has been explained as a study of various psychological forces that affect human behavior which is related to early experiences. It specifically discusses the connection between the conscious and subconscious motivations. The theory was further analyzed and developed by Melanie Klein, Carl Jung and Alfred Adler. Based on the theory, the psychodynamic therapy evolved to help patients through psychoanalysis. With time other therapies like individual, group and family therapy evolved to offer treatment by understanding the present day complexities in more detail. The main aim of the therapy is self –awareness through identifying the various influences of many past events in life. The therapies are continuously evolving since it was introduced by Freud to help in solving a variety of psychological disorders within people.
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) emphasizes the modification of thoughts that will invoke change in behavior (Nichols, 2014). There are two derivation causes for a distorted cognition: a structured schema, or map in the brain, that is too complex to handle the situation, and cognitive distortions of reality (Pajares, 2002). Schemas are materialized from life experiences, and the environment from birth, and direct how the brain translates these events (Bandura, 1989). The individual’s interpretation or
Modern and postmodern theories differ widely in their assumptions regarding reality. Two popular branches of CBT (a blend of related psychotherapies) are cognitive therapy (CT) and rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). These therapies assume that cognitive processes—thoughts, beliefs, self-statements, and perceptions—are the major determinants of an individual’s emotion and behavior. CT and REBT assume that reality is objective and can be observed. Similar to CBT, postmodernism is also a group of related therapies. In contrast though, postmodernists, assume that reality does not exist independent of observational processes. Postmodern approaches such as social constructionism (SC) and narrative therapy (NT) assume that truth and reality are merely a way of understanding a situation within the context of the client’s social and cultural context. ...
Reality therapy is a practical therapeutic method developed by Dr. William Glasser, which focuses on here and now rather the past, problem-solving rather than the issue at hand, and making better choices with specific goals established. Reality therapy is a time-limited, no-nonsense approach that Glasser developed and taught as a method of counseling which is based on choice theory, which states: “all we do is behave, almost all behavior is chosen, and we are driven by five basic needs” (William Glasser Institute, 2010).