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Long definition of rape
Long definition of rape
How to define a rape
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Based on The United States Department of Justice, the new definition of rape has been amended. Rape is referred to the penetration of the vagina or anus with any body part or object no matter how slight it was or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person without the consent of the victim. This conveys an important message to all victims that what happens to them do matters and the perpetrators will be held responsible to the crime committed by them. It was because of the voices of survivors, advocates, law enforcement personnel and many others that FBI Director Robert Mueller was able to make this important change within the FBI’s Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Summary Reporting System (SRS). The previous definition of rape was outdated …show more content…
In January 2011, while in the midst of going through physiotherapy for her neck and lower back symptoms, a young woman alleges that she was digitally raped by the accused, who is a qualified physiotherapist. The accused admits that he inserted his finger into her vagina but proclaims that the act was reasonable for diagnostic mean and her consent was received before such procedure was carried out. The accused was charged under rape as provided under section 48 of the Criminal Law Consolidation Act (CLCA) 1935. Rape consists of three elements and all of them must be fulfilled by the prosecutor. The elements need to be proved beyond reasonable doubt. First, there must be sexual intercourse engaged between the accused and the complainant. Here, sexual intercourse is defined as an act of penetration of the vagina of complainant by any parts of the body of the accused or any object. Here, rape was established when the accused put his finger into the vagina of the complainant. Second, there is no consent granted on the part of the complainant with regards to the intercourse. The complainant claimed that she showed up to get massage for the purpose of healing and never permit the accused to put his finger into her vagina. Third, the accused regardless of knowing the complainant consent or not to the penetration or being ignorant to the lack of consent, still insists on digitally raping the complainant. Since all the elements are successfully proven, the accused was found guilty of digital
Rape Shield Laws Facing with much criticism from women’s group with the legal definitions of rape and how rape cases are being processed in the legal system, the government is forced to pass a Rape Law reform in the 1970s. Rape law reform urging courts to treat rape case the same as other crimes, rape law reforms modified traditional rape laws and ratified evidentiary reforms in every state in the United States. The most common and widespread changes occurred in three areas. First, rape was redefined so that there was no longer a single crime of rape.
Eileraas, Karina. "Rape, Legal Definitions of." Encyclopedia of Women in Today's World. Ed. Mary Zeiss Stange, Carol K. Oyster, and Jane E. Sloan. Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE, 2011. 1205-09. SAGE Reference Online. Web. 4 Apr. 2012.
The introduction chapter 'Rethinking rape law' addresses an analytical overview of rape laws throughout a range of jurisdictions. Thus, engaging the development and debate of sexual assault laws within international and comparative perspectives. Within this overview, research emerges towards the vast supply of rape complaints during criminal investigations.
Rape is non-consensual sexual intercourse that a male performs against a woman whom he is neither married to or cohabiting with. The definition of rape changes by geographic location. In some countries a woman must prove she is pure in order to find the perpetrator guilty. Rape used to be more of a violation to the man than to the women. It was a violation of the man’s rights if his wife or girlfriend was raped. When a woman is raped her devotion to her family is questioned. Rape is a violent act, an act of possession, not a sexual act. The myth that men who rape women are sexually pathological has begun to be dispelled and replaced with an understanding that rape is an act of anger, power and control rather than lust.
...ows that the person does not consent to the intercourse or is reckless as to whether that person consents to it’ – Sexual Offences Act 1956 c. 69 (Regnal. 4_and_5_Eliz_2)
Rape is often viewed by the public as sex that is not consensual, and mostly sex that is physically forced. In fact, the dictionary definition of rape is “the unlawful compelling of a person through physical force or duress to have sexual intercourse.” In most cases, victims of rape are physically forced to have sex, while with cases of rape by deception, the victim has not been physically forced but has been tricked into consenting to have sex.
Victims of rape are almost always asked if they were flirting, drinking, or dressing in a manner that may have been interpreted as giving consent, despite whether they did actually give consent or not.
Their reason for first utilizing the term was to “show the ways in which society blamed victims of sexual assault and normalized male sexual violence”. Almost half a century later, Southern Connecticut State University defines the term rape culture as “an environment in which rape is prevalent and in which sexual violence against women is normalized and excused in the media and popular culture”. Forms of rape culture include but are not limited to: blaming the victim of sexual assault, the assumption that men are weak if they experience sexual assault, making sexual assault seem less of a serious crime, rape jokes/sexually explicit jokes, as well as defining gender roles. All of these forms are seen in today’s society through “jokes, T.V., music, advertising, legal jargon, laws, words, and imagery”.
This essay will examine Susan Estrich’s and Lois Pineau’s discussion on rape. Both contribute insights on our society’s negligence when it comes to the protection and justice for women. Estrich provides a peak into the legal system on how it determines rape. We will see that the law is shaped in a way that continues to oppress women and leave them unprotected. Pineau furthers the conversation on placing responsibility on the victim to prove the crime. She narrows her focus on date rape and raises an objection to the model of consent that shapes our culture’s attitude and our country’s law. Pineau proposes a communicative model of sex. From this proposal, I will conclude my essay with an objection of her model and will ultimately defend her model against such an objection.
It is considered to be any attack of a sexual nature such as kissing, touching, and intercourse in which force is used. Physical injury is not necessary to prove that an offence has occurred. When tried as an indictable offence, simple sexual assault carries a maximum penalty of 10 years imprisonment. R. v O’brien, 2017 SKQB 88 and R v Martell, 2012 SKP cases relate to simple sexual assault also demonstrates the charges given to the offenders that commit simple sexual assault. As a matter of fact, on June 15, 2016 the victim went to the home of Mr. O’Brien. The two had been involved in an incident. Mr. O’Brien tried to hug and kiss the victim and she told him that she did not want him to do that. She then went to the bathroom for 15 to 20 minutes. After she returned he lifted her up and put her on the bed, which was in the same room. He tried to hug and kiss her and attempted to undo her pants. She pushed him off and told him “no”. The victim started to kick Mr. O’Brien and Mr. O’Brien then put his hands around her neck for approximately 5 to 10 seconds. He then stopped and removed his hands of his own accord. This left redness around her neck. Mr. O’Brien told the victim he was sorry and asked the victim not to tell anyone. The victim then left his residence. Mr. O’brien then had arrested and served roughly a total of 14.3 months in custody. Moreover, in the second case the offender and the victim were
Lynch, Michael W. “Enforcing ‘Statutory Rape ‘?.” Public Interest 132 (1998): 3. Points of View
What do you think and feel when you hear the word rape? Do you feel uncomfortable? Maybe even angry? Your certain feelings and emotions towards this word is a result of rape culture. Rape culture, essentially, is how a society as a whole sees and reacts towards rape or instances of rape. In 2013 rape was defined by the FBI as, “Penetration… of the vagina or anus with any body part or object, or oral penetration by a sex organ of another person, without the consent of the victim.” (Division’s Crime Statistics Management Unit 1). The definition was finally changed after the old definition deemed inappropriate by today’s standards, which beforehand, stated that physical force needed to be used for rape to be considered rape. This is good news for men and women who have been fighting for the definition to be changed, but unfortunately this does not mean that state laws are being changed the same way. Even though the FBI may acknowledge the older inappropriate definition, most states do not. Sexual assault is a commonly unreported crime, where only an average of 36% of sexual abuse is actually reported to the authorities (Planty 7). Some forms of rape can include physical harm, threats, and even death of the victim, and most victims do not want to tell others for fear of criticism, self-blame, or even the fear that their attackers will carry out on their threats. In many cases, victims do have a reason to be afraid. When someone is brave enough to come forward and say they were sexually assaulted, they are putting themselves in the position of being in not only a long legal process, but also having their motives questioned and misunderstood, which is the last thing they want after their experience. The legal system in the United States...
To comprehend the underlying levels of conviction, there are unfortunate factors from the police, the criminal justice system, the probability of evidence and issue of consent that make convictions immensely difficult to prove. This essay will investigate those measures showing the contrasts of rape and why it is tricky to prove rape occurred without consent, without any corroborative evidence, attitudes of police towards rape victims, the victims withdrawing their report due to personal circumstances and the handling of victims in court, that lead to many offenders having a non-custodial sentence or being acquitted of a rape charge. In the first paragraph, I will explain what constitutes rape and the variations of relationships in which rape is committed. The Sexual Offences Act 2003 (the Act) came into force on the 1st May 2004. The purpose of the Act was to strengthen and modernise the law on sexual offences, whilst improving preventative measures and the protection of individuals from sexual offenders.
If there is no consent, it is an assault. It is the right of every human being to have control over their own body. Victim blaming perpetuates the rape culture and the teaching that some people are not responsible for their own actions. Victim blaming does nothing but hurt survivors. No one chooses to be hurt, and the after effects can affect a survivor for years to come.
Medline: Sexual Assault: A comprehensive description of sexual assault, otherwise known as rape, and includes sections that will help a victim seek out justice and rehabilitation.