The problems of race and urban poverty remain pressing challenges which the United States has yet to address. Changes in the global economy, technology, and race relations during the last 30 years have necessitated new and innovative analyses and policy responses. A common thread which weaves throughout many of the studies reviewed here is the dynamics of migration. In When Work Disappears, immigrants provide comparative data with which to highlight the problems of ghetto poverty affecting blacks. In No Shame in My Game, Puerto Rican and Dominican immigrants are part of the changing demographics in Harlem. In Canarsie, the possible migration of blacks into a working/middle-class neighborhood prompts conservative backlash from a traditionally liberal community. In Streetwise, the migration of yuppies as a result of gentrification, and the movement of nearby-ghetto blacks into these urban renewal sites also invoke fear of crime and neighborhood devaluation among the gentrifying community. Not only is migration a common thread, but the persistence of poverty, despite the current economic boom, is the cornerstone of all these works. Poverty, complicated by the dynamics of race in America, call for universalistic policy strategies, some of which are articulated in Poor Support and The War Against the Poor.
In When Work Disappears, William Julius Wilson builds upon many of the insights he introduced in The Truly Disadvantaged, such as the rampant joblessness, social isolation, and lack of marriageable males that characterized many urban ghetto neighborhoods. In the class discussion, Professor Wilson argues that it is necessary to disassociate unemployment with joblessness, as the former only measures those still s...
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...or-eliminating technology -- they are unlikely to be plausible policy alternatives in the current political and high-technology-oriented context. What all these analyses and policy recommendations do require is a universalistic strategy, backed by a broad-based multi-ethnic, multi-class coalition which cuts across ideological and political lines in order to address the problems of race and urban poverty at the dawn of the 21st century.
Works Cited
David Ellwood Poor Support
Herbert Gans The War Against the Poor: The Underclass and Antipoverty Policy
Notes
1 Wilson, 28.
2 Ibid, 75-8.
3 Ibid, 216-18.
4 Newman, 292-293.
5 Rieder, 79.
6 Ibid, 173.
7 These definitions of social organization are also found in Wilson, 20.
8 Anderson, 144-45.
9 Wilson, 62.
10 Ibid, 113.
11 Ellwood, 238.
12 Gans, 110-112.
Katrina Srigley, “‘In case you hadn’t noticed!’: Race. Ethinicity, and Women’s Wage-Earning in a Depression-Era City,” Labour/ Le Travail, Vol. 55 (Spring 2005): 69-105, accessed February 23rd, 2014, http://web.a.ebscohost.com.libproxy. uwinnipeg.ca /ehost/detail?vid=8&sid=ad10fcc5-3639-419d-a39f-90111463086e %40 sessionmgr4002&hid=4106&bdata=#db=ahl&AN=44182314
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William Julius Wilson creates a thrilling new systematic framework to three politically tense social problems: “the plight of low-skilled black males, the persistence of the inner-city ghetto, and the fragmentation of the African American family” (Wilson, 36). Though the conversation of racial inequality is classically divided. Wilson challenges the relationship between institutional and cultural factors as reasons of the racial forces, which are inseparably linked, but public policy can only change the racial status quo by reforming the institutions that support it.
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Robert Frost was a talented American poet whose works have left a lasting impression on many people. Frost was born in San Francisco, California on March 26, 1874, and died in Boston, Massachusetts on January 29, 1963. Frost ‘s father died when he was a young boy, which forced his family to move across the country to live at his grandfather’s farm. On November 8th, 1894 Frost sold his first poem called “My Butterfly: An Elegy”, in the New York Independent. He was paid fifteen dollars. Frost married Elinor Miriam White In 18...
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