- How did the Protestant maintain almost a century of peace in Ireland during the Protestant Ascendancy? Despite the oppressive nature of the Protestant Ascendancy, no rebellion took place in Ireland for more than a century after Williamite War. Ireland was in absolute tranquil mainly because Irish Catholic simply do not have the will to rebel against their protestant overlord again. The bloody defeat of the Jacobites, pro-James III Irish-Catholic dissenter, in Williamite War took a heavy toll on Ireland Catholic population both morally and economically. Additionally, Penal Laws emphasis on maintaining of Protestant superiority and prevent the reemergence of Catholic power contribute significantly in stopping the potential rebellion. In …show more content…
Some part was retained only as a form of reserve power for the Government in time of crisis (Lecky 138). Many Catholic landowners were able to retain their property in exchange for cease of political activity (Hayton 32). - Why didn’t the passing of the Penal Laws enraged Catholic population and sparked rebellion? The reason for why there was no resistance to the signing of Penal Laws in 1695 was not only because the powerlessness of the Catholic population, but rather the relatively fair conditions promised by the Protestant. The Treaty of Limerick, predecessor of Penal Laws that was signed right after the end of the Williamite War in 1691, did guaranteed for freedom of religious exercise for the Catholic and even offered to share religious sites between the two sects (Lecky 140). And despite his cold and somewhat selfish personality, King William was an enlightened and tolerant man. King William of England himself was under pressure from ally Habsburg Emperor to establish a toleration for Irish Catholic and lobby parliament in hope to prevent the passage of further Penal Laws (Hayton 31). It was only in 1703 that the true nature of the penal laws was revealed as it rendered the entire population of Irish Catholics into condition of
There are so many causes from the Protestant Reformation. In the Protestant, there was three different sections that got affected more the the others. When the Protestant Reformation happened it affected the Sociality, Political, and Economic the most.
...ople. The Proclamation also demanded Justices of Peace to enforce laws on drinking, blasphemy, lewdness, and swearing. Conversely, the Vice Society’s suppression fell at the feet of the FMRS which favoured running “rescue” homes for reformed prostitutes. The role of the middle class, and more importantly women, also helped form moral regulatory practices. Nonetheless, the biggest shift in regulation of social morals involved morality breaking away from the religious realm. That event opened a lot of doors, both in terms of moral regulation and society. One thing which should be recognized is that if society was a stale concept, advancements in moral regulation would not have happened, and vice versa. The two concepts feed off of each other. In order to understand one, we must understand the other.
Social and economic stresses of The Protestant Reformation age were just among few of the things that impacted the ordinary population of Europe. The Protestant Reformation was the 16th-century religious, political, and cultural disorder that divided Catholic Europe, setting in place the structures and beliefs that would define the continent in the ordinary population. In northern and central Europe, reformers like Martin Luther, John Calvin and Henry VIII challenged papal authority and questioned the Catholic Church’s ability to define Christian practice. In 1555 The Peace of Augsburg allowed for the coexistence of Catholicism and Lutheranism in Germany; and in 1648 Treaty of Westphalia, which ended the Thirty Years’ War. The key ideas of the Reformation, a call to purify the church and a belief that the Bible, should be the sole source of spiritual authority. However, Luther and the other reformers became the first to skillfully use the power of the printing press to give their ideas a wide audience.
Initiated by Pope Paul III to condemn and refute protestant beliefs, it would eventually lay the principles of catholicism for four centuries. They were able to condemn the reformation by approving the Index of Forbidden Books, which would punish anyone who possessed a list of books that supported Protestantism or were critical of the church in Catholic Countries. They defended their religion through scriptures and other traditions. It would eventually acknowledge and curtail the abuses in sale of indulgences, sale of church offices, give bishops more power from clergy, and establish seminaries to train priests. The Council of Trent existed to condemn protestants in order to protect their faith, but in turn would have to decrease some of their
As the Roman Catholic Church began its restructuring, Parliament passed a proviso that enabled them to control the public acts of Catholics. According to Bowen the proviso banned Roman Catholics from:
Beginning very early in the seventeenth century, religious tension was rampant throughout Europe. An example that illustrates the disastrous effects of religious conflicts in Europe that caused a tremendous amount of violence can be seen in the Holy Roman Empire. In 1618, Ferdinand Habsburg a devout Catholic succeeded the crown of the Holy Roman Empire, and set out to unify the empire under the Catholic faith. However, this mission of Ferdinand Habsburg was not accepted by Protestant citizens, which essentially led to the violence to come. In May 1618, a group of Protestant nobles killed two of the king’s catholic officials, which created the spark for Protestants all throughout the Empire to revolt. Instances of religious revolts were reported in Hungary and Bohemia, ultimately creating an exponential effect, and a reason for Protestants to unite and revolt to preserve their faith. This particular historical event later was termed the Defenestration of Prague. However, the violence did not stop there; in fact the violence only multiplied. Religious conflicts continued to occur in Bohemia in the Battle of White Mountain in 1620 in which Frederick V a Calvinist, lost to Fer...
the aftermath of the Protestant reformation. In England, after the establishment of the separate Anglican church of England there were many protestant groups left in England still in conflict. These groups all tried to push and pull parliament in their favor -- which ultimately made it so that nothing could be done. These conflicts even came to the point of bloody civil wars and suffering on both sides of the fighting. Parliament ultimately decided to stop these wars by creating religious Act of Toleration (1689) for the non-conformist protestants.
In the early 1600s in England, King James ruled over the country. King James was named the successor to Queen Elizabeth I, whose reign covered the years from 1558-1603. During Elizabeth's rule over England, she enacted laws that were very harsh to those practicing Catholicism. Many had hoped that the anti-Catholic laws would change or even be overturned under King James I, whose wife was Catholic, but that didn't prove to be true. Not only did he "keep the old religious laws restricting Catholic worship, he even put new ones in place" (Barrow). Since the Catholic laws became more strict, people like Guy Fawkes decided to rebel and put a plan into action which would later be known as the Gunpowder Plot.
The Maryland Toleration Act was repealed with the assistance of Protestant assemblymen and a new law barring Catholics from openly practicing their religion was passed. The animosity between Protestants and Catholics in the United States of America, also called ‘American Anti-Catholicism’, resulted from the English Reformation. British colonists were determined to establish a truly reformed church in the early American colonies. Puritans ‘[left] England for the New World in order to worship in their own way.’ These children of the Reformation soon discovered not a ‘new’ land but an old problem, of factions within the faction.
...n the Stuart period. Like Puritans with the Stuarts and Egyptians with their pharaohs, citizens were reformed due to their fear of punishments if they were not to comply with the laws. Crimes these days are carried out due to rebellion or peer pressure, whereas in Stuart times they were done in order to support for their family or overthrow the ruler (king).
The Protestant would originally practice their faith in secrecy in order to avoid punishment from the majority of society that was Catholic based faith. Calvin Protestant began to publically perform ceremonies and practice their faith in front of all to see. many of the Calvin followers were nationally French and wanted to spread the Protestant Reformation in their homeland of France. More French Reformed churches began to spread out in France, which made protestant want to practice their faith more publically. This act angered the Catholic people of France even more resulting in an attack on the Protestants. Catherine de’Medici tried to ease the tension between the protestant and the Catholic by enacting a law that forbid harm to Protestant
What do you think of when you hear the name Ireland? Ireland is a relatively small island off the coast of Great Britain with a land area of 32,424 square miles (Delaney 2). There are several things that you may associate with this country such as St. Patrick’s Day, shamrocks, beer, and strife. The source of the bitterness behind this conflict began centuries ago, when Britain came over and forced Protestantism on the Irish Catholic inhabitants. For this reason there has always been an animosity between the Protestants and the Irish Catholics. The island is broken up into two distinct regions. The Republic of Ireland consists of twenty-six counties, which make up the southern region. This area is predominantly Roman Catholic. Northern Ireland is made up of the six northern counties, which are under British rule and predominately Protestant. Both sides use propaganda to spread their ideas and gain support. They each have organizations, such as the I.R.A., in the south, and the U.V.F., in the north, which use peaceful methods such as newspapers and murals along with violence to fight for their cause. In Northern Ireland the Protestants used their position in the government to spread anti-Catholic propaganda and persecute the Catholic citizens.
The Irish Republican Army started in Northern Ireland to protect and fight for the rights of the catholic citizens there. Ireland was conquered in 1607 by England, this brought protestant immigrants from England and Scotland. The Protestants quickly came to be the majority of the population. In the 1920s the island was partitioned and Catholics in the north felt that they had been removed from their political heritage. The Protestants felt like they were losing out on resources and wanted to keep control of the north. Neither side was satisfied and problems continued.
History has noted our love for conflict and tragedies, unwanted or not. Those who broke laws in the 1600’s were punished, and “…the fundamental rule was to follow God’s law.” ...
Conflicts between the Church and the government have been apparent since before the time of the Romans. The origin of this conflict in the United States can be traced back to the early 1600’s. At this time, the relationship between the Catholic Church and the governments of European and Latin American countries was beginning to flourish (Christianity and the Founders). Many nations shared the Catholic faith, yet the English demonstrated hatred towards Catholics (Christianity and the Founders). Legal punishment of English Catholics was more severe than that of the non-denominational citizens. Catholic conspirers were publicly executed out of spite, and the Anti-Priest law of 1647 threatened death to all clergy (Christianity and the Founders). This general attitude of the people was carried over seas with the colonization of the Americas.