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Hydrogen peroxide + catalase reaction
Hydrogen peroxide + catalase reaction
The effect of temperature on catalase activity
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Determine the Optimal Temperature for Potato Catalase
Introduction In this experiment. the optimal temperature of catalase in potatoes will be determined using its substrate hydrogen peroxide solution. The reaction of catalase in hydrogen peroxide solution will change depends on the temperature of the hydrogen peroxide solution. If the reaction time of catalase is related to the temperature of its substrate, when the temperature of hydrogen peroxide reaches to 35-40˚C, the reaction of the catalase will be the fastest which means it consumes the least amount of time for the reaction.
The independent variable in this experiment is the temperature of hydrogen peroxide solutions since temperature is the variable that is changed by the scientist.
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The dependent variable is the reaction time of catalase, which is the one that might be affected by the change in the independent variable. In this experiment, a focus of observation will take place on the reaction time of catalase (dependent variable) to see how it responds to the change made to the hydrogen peroxide temperature (independent variable). In addition, there are two controlled variables that must be kept constant throughout the experiment. One of the controlled variables is the type of thermometer that is used in the experiment. Since different thermometers might have a slightly different measurement, which will affect the record of temperature, all of the temperature values should be tested by the same thermometer. The other controlled variable is the size of the test tubes that used are used in the experiment. If different sizes of test tubes are used, the reaction …show more content…
This is because there is a higher chance of the substrate hydrogen peroxide binding with catalase. At a high temperature, hydrogen peroxide and the potato catalase are supplied with more kinetic energy so that they move around at a higher speed. As they move at a higher speed, collisions between the substrate and the enzyme take place more frequently, so more enzyme-substrate complexes are formed which produces oxygen. But, when the temperature gets to around 45˚C, the increase of temperature cause the rate of catalase reaction decreases. This is because heat provided +too much energy so that each individual atom vibrated rapidly. Too much amount of energy can break the bonds between the atoms in the enzyme so that the shape of enzyme active site changed. Since the enzyme active site is specific to the substrate, the enzyme cannot bind with the substrate anymore which results in a decrease of the rate of
For example, substrate concentration, enzyme concentration, and temperature could all be factors that affected the chemical reactions in our experiment. The concentration of substrate, in this case, would not have an affect on how the bovine liver catalase and the yeast would react. The reason why is because in both instances, the substrate (hydrogen peroxide) concentration was 1.5%. Therefore, the hydrogen peroxide would saturate the enzyme and produce the maximum rate of the chemical reaction. The other factor that could affect the rate of reaction is enzyme concentration. Evidently, higher concentrations of catalase in the bovine liver produced faster reactions, and the opposite occurs for lower concentrations of catalase. More enzymes in the catalase solution would collide with the hydrogen peroxide substrate. However, the yeast would react slower than the 400 U/mL solution, but faster than the 40 U/mL. Based on this evidence, I would conclude that the yeast has a higher enzyme concentration than 40 U/mL, but lower than 400
In both solutions of catalase there is a steady increase in reaction relative to the hydrogen peroxide concentration as it increases. A significant jump is observed in the carrot catalase solution between .25% and .5% whereas the pinto bean catalase solution has a steady increase. Each solution doesn’t generate much more reaction to the next increment of hydrogen peroxide concentration, 1%. In general it stayed level. This continued to be a trend for the pinto bean catalase solution, plateauing through to the 6% concentration of hydrogen peroxide. This is known as the point of saturation.
This happens when the temperature is too high; the process is called “denaturing”. When an enzyme reaches a certain temperature, it will have so much energy that it is de-shaped; it is “denatured”. This diagram shows how a denatured enzyme will not work: [IMAGE] The enzymes will hardly work at very low temperatures (they wont be
With this information we were able to identify any patterns and similarities. Hypothesis: The higher the temperature of water, potato and H²O², the rate at which the Enzyme will work will be faster therefore producing more oxygen. The reaction will be the same without the catalase (potato). Therefore in both experiments the Enzyme will work more rapidly and produce more oxygen. Aim: To test the hypothesis.
Investigating the Effect of Substrate Concentration on Catalase Reaction. Planning -Aim : The aim of the experiment is to examine how the concentration of the substrate (Hydrogen Peroxide, H2O2) affects the rate of reaction. the enzyme (catalase).
I have chosen to vary the concentration of the enzyme catalase, as it is simple to do in the laboratory, and will obtain easy to interpret results. Therefore, all the other variables will be kept constant to make sure the experiment is fair. Keeping the experiment fair: All of the variables with the exception of the concentration of catalase will remain the same, to make sure that the results obtained are not influenced by anything other than the concentration.
== == == = This is what I'm going to be changing in the experiment and this will be the temperature and the concentration of the yeast. There are several variables in this experiment, they are: · Amount Used - Too much or too little of the hydrogen peroxide causes the reaction to speed up/slow down producing different amounts of oxygen.
Input variables In this experiment there are two main factors that can affect the rate of the reaction. These key factors can change the rate of the reaction by either increasing it or decreasing it. These were considered and controlled so that they did not disrupt the success of the experiment. Temperature-
The reason for this is that the energy being supplied to the enzyme begins to effect its stability. The energy supplied begins to make the atoms which make up the enzyme move and vibrate rapidly, at a certain point the enzyme atoms are vibrating at such a rate that the bonds that hold the active site together, such as the disulphide and hydrogen bonds are broken and the shape of the active site changed. This is vital as the Hydrogen peroxide substrate can no longer bind with the catalase enzyme and react. The activity of the catalase is dependent on the balance of increasing
The aim of my investigation is to find out whether the increase of temperature increases the rate of reaction between the two reactants of Sodium Thiosulphate and Hydrochloric acid. I will then find out and evaluate on how temperature affects this particular reaction. Factors There are four main factors, which affect the rate of reaction that are considered as variables for the experiment I will be doing, they are the following: Molecules can only collide when two of them meet together.
Jim Clark. (2007). The effect of changing conditions in enzyme catalysis. Retrieved on March 6, 2001, from http://www.chemguide.co.uk/organicprops/aminoacids/enzymes2.html
This hurdle is called the activation energy of the reaction. [IMAGE] By decreasing the activation energy, more substrate is changed to product in a certain amount of time. That is, the enzyme increases the rate of the reaction. [IMAGE] The activity of catalase can be measured by finding the rate of which the oxygen gas is released from the breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide.
This is because there is more hydrogen peroxide to be broken down by the enzyme and with more hydrogen peroxide in the reaction, more oxygen is released.
Independent variables: The temperature of hcl gas will be decreased and increased throughout the experiment.
To make the test fair, the following parameters must remain constant during the experiment. These parameters must remain constant during the experiment. These parameters are water, Hydrogen Peroxide, Catalyse and the duration of the reactions. By insuring the test is fair, we will gain accurate results. Variables Dependant Variable: Time, Size of 5cm piece of Potato Independent Variable: Amount of Oxygen released Control Variable: Volume of Hydrogen peroxide, size of Potato, concentration of Hydrogen Peroxide Hypothesis I predict that the breakdown of Hydrogen Peroxide will be quicker when the surface area is increased.