Albinism is a genetic disorder that can occur in 1 in 1,200 child. This genetic disorder is not a rare condition. You can only receive this if both parents carry the receive gene on the 11th chromosome. There are also some extreme rare forms that are inherited from only one parent. Albinism is someone who lacks melanin. (Melanin is the pigment that gives the skin, hair, and eyes its characteristic color)
The first recording of Albinism was in the 17th century when the explorer named Balthazar Telez and his other explorer were hiking on the coast of West Africa when they saw a tribe. He and the other explorer went closer towards the tribe and stopped in confusion. They thought they were seeing Caucasian and African American in the same tribe together. Later to find out that the tribe was only African American. He later he called this finding “albino”, meaning White Negro.
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Their eyes are usually very light blue (may even appear to be clear), or in some rare cases to be brown. Their eye color can change with age. With lack of pigment in the eye, this means that irises will not be able to black the sunlight from coming into the eye. Since the iris does not have a lot of protection, this could cause the eyes to appear pink or red at times. Vision can be affected by this condition. It can cause server nearsightedness or farsightedness. This means it will be difficult to see things up close or far away. Blurred vision and have sensitive eyes towards the light. Another problem with vision is the movement of quickly moving your eyes back and forth. Albinism can cause a lazy eye also. People squint their eyes more often to sheild their eyes from the sun. Optometrist can help the senstivitie of the eye by subscribing contact or glasses to the
The first chapter focuses on the first impressions between the people of different color also the reasons Africans had evolved or changed into what they now appeared to be. The section on causes of complexion was both fascinating and entertaining. Many of the theories were of the wall and far fetched. One such opinion of how Africans gained their complexion that the book gave includes an ancient Greek myth of Phaeton. This character drove a chariot into the heavens and thus altered in his appearance (p11). Though this Greek myth, probably not the truth of how Africans gained their color many did believe it probably had something to do with the sun. The theory of equatorial dwellers of Africa, this being the reason for the skin pigmentation, became illogical once Africans were compared to the Indians living in the hottest parts of the New World (p14). Some believed that the African was merely dark because they had left their colder northern climate. Experiments quickly ruled this out as a possible answer (p15). The most far-fetched and humorous theory came through the biblical illustration involving Noah. Many believed it the curse given upon Noah’s son Ham for “looking upon his father’s nakedness” (p17). Each of these contrasting views on color needed to be used in this book. For no better reason in that it showed from an initial point that the English viewed the color of the Africans as a plague. Instead of excepting that Africans may in fact be different, the English consistently made attempts to explain the dif...
Based from the film “melanin plays a role on how Africans have been able to create and developed some of the sciences that they have come to be known for”. It is also believe that melanin is a factor to soul because people with more of it moves, speaks, and acts differently than those who do not. According to a group of Africans known as the “melanin scholars” they reported a scientific base that “melanin is involved in the regulation of all psychological and physiological processes of the human body.” This makes people with more melanin stronger and smarter than those with less.² This is why, according to Welsing, whites had ambition to destroy the African race because they were inferior to their genetic superiority. In agreement to Welsing, Wade Nobles, Richard King, and other researchers/ scientists reported that whites are not entirely human since they stopped evolving with the central nervous system
Many people have never heard of Adrenoleukodystrophy it is a disease that affects every 1 in 20,000 people from all races (Moser, AB HW, and KK Frayer). It is a disease that if not treated properly can possibly kill the child due to difficulties. Adrenoleukodystrophy is passes down from parents to their children as an X-linked trait. Since ALD is X-linked trait it mostly affects male, women can also carry the trait but it will remain dormant. If a woman has ALD she will only display a milder form of the disease unlike the male.
Most of the time Jacobson Syndrome is not inherited. The syndrome happens from a deletion of chromosome 11 that happens randomly when the reproductive cells are forming, or in fetal formation. Most patients are the first people in their family to have Jacobson Syndrome.
In later years, many European scientists defined race by separating Homo Sapiens into three to six different groups. * Australoid: those from Australia, Melanesian islands * Caucasoid: Europe, North Africa, South west Asia * Mongoloid: East Asia, Siberia, the Americas * Negroid: Central and Southern Africa * Native Americans * Polynesians The scientific justification for these six groups was that members of these groups shared similar physical characteristics and originated in a particular region of the world. During the nineteenth century theories of race were advanced both by the scientific community and in the popular daily and periodical press. One idea that was taken into belief was racial standing based on skull size and features. The human skull was us...
Throughout history race has been a pivotal part in decision making. Since the first interaction of populations from different geographical regions, with physical differences, the assumption has been that these differences were fundamental. These physical differences, based mainly on the color of skin, have been classified as race. Over time physicians have tried to pinpoint certain characteristics that are more prominent in one race than another, in order to prove race and that there are subspecies of humans. One of the first examples of this is Johann Blumenbach work “On the Natural Variety of Mankind”. In his work Blumenbach introduced five categories of race; caucasian. mongolian, malayan ethiopian, and american. These classifications revolved around not only skin color, but also physical morphology. Blumenbach supported this by using a collection of physical evidence, like the structure of the cranium, to support his thesis. This marked a shift in thinking of race in terms of geography to physical appearance. Published in 1775, Blumenbach’s dissertation started the scientific approach to finding
The beginnings of racial difference can be traced back to the Age of Exploration, during which England was expanding its trading routes and was highly involved with trade in Africa. The English traders noticed distinguishing differences between themselves and the African people, both in physical appearance and cultural primitiveness. It was not until the 18th century when the word race began to enter languages and vocabularies, and this idea of a difference between peoples was prodded further into existence through the work of Carolus Linnaeus. Linnaeus composed a list of subspecies of human beings based on racial differences. There were several other scientists, such Georges Cuvier and Charles Darwin, as who created subspecies of man. Social Darwinism, alluded to the concept that eventually one greater subspecies of man would prevail and be the most elite of all of human kind. These lists often categorized the order of species with the white, European man at the top of the list and the darker skinned, African man at the bottom. An example of a concept of categorization was the Great Chain of Being, through which all things, including man and the subspecies of man, are given ...
The color of your skin used to depend on where you live. (Before transportation became so easy.) Darker skinned people would live where it is hotter, and the sun shines more. Lighter skinned people would live in cooler, less sunny areas. This is because the darker pigments in your skin would keep you from burning.
One noticeable characteristic of human beings is the variation in skin color. Skin color has been used to identify, classify, and verify the variation that exists in the human population around the world. How did such a distinct variation arise and how did it play into adaptation? I’ve often heard that “humans come from monkeys,” or something similar. It is true that humans’ ancestors were primates, who first resided in warm and sunny Africa.
First and foremost, albinism is “ an autosomal recessive disorder [that] can be inherited only when both parents carry the recessive mutant gene. If two gene carrier parents have children, their children will have 25% probability of being albino and 67% probability of being a heterozygous carrier” (Moe, 2011, para.11). Thus, it is very likely that a large percentage of the country’s population carries the gene. Because of the lack of education about the subject, most people are unaware about what it means to be a carrier. People with albinism lack pigment in their skin, hair, and eyes, face a myriad of health issues. Albinos have extremely sensitive skin and can develop skin cancer without proper sun protection. In fact, 2% of albino infants are estimated to reach forty years of age due to sun damage (Burnett, 2012, para.14). As a result of the stigma against albinos, they are often left to work labor us jobs in the sun that are extremely harmful to their skin. In addition, people with albinism have weak eyesight. this can lead to them dropping out of school at early ages. They cannot further their social status nor improve their quality of
Albinism is a very serious disease that could end up in death. Albinism is a recessive inherited defect in melanin, which is metabolism in which pigment is absent from skin, hair, and eyes. Albinism in hair, skin, and eyes is called oculocutaneous albinism. Humans that have oculocotaneous albinism are not able to produce melanin. These people have white, yellow, or yellow brown hair, very light ( usually blue ) eyes, and very pale skin. Their eyes may appear pink because they have very little pigment.
There are many difficulties associated with albinism. An albino is a human being with no pigmentation in their skin or eyes; they are born white. Albinos have factors that are affected by their condition. Not being able to stand out in the sun and get a tan like others, or enjoy the sun.Their eyes are also different. They squint and their eye muscles work differently. Many people with albinism suffer socially as well. People who look different from others are often ridiculed. Dr. David Wales reports “Visual problems are an important feature of albinism. Melanin is reduced or absent where it is normally present in the eye, skin, hair and brain and this causes maldevelopment of neural pathways related to vision”. Dr. Wales tells
The second one is beta thalassemia. This occurs when similar gene defects affect production of the beta globin protein. It happens mostly in people of Mediterranean origin, Chinese, other Asians, and African Americans. You need both alpha- and beta-globin to make hemoglobin. If you have one damaged gene, you may have mild anemia and probably won't need treatment. This is called beta thalassemia minor or beta thalassemia trait. It happens when you get a normal gene from one parent and a thalassemia gene from the other. When both genes are damaged, it means you got a thalassemia gene from each parent. You may have moderate or severe anemia. If you have moderate anemia, you may n...
There are many vision-related effects this disorder can have on a person. In most cases, the person isn’t completely blind in dark areas, but sees things a lot darker than they really are. In other cases, it takes the person’s eyes much longer than normal to adjust to different light settings. For example, if a person with night blindness suddenly has the lights turned off in front of them, it may be up to 10 minutes before they can see anything at all. Also, the same thing happens when going from dark to light. The sufferer will see extremely bright images when flooded with light after having adjusted their eyes to darkness.
The images formed on the two retinas are so unlike that they cannot be blended in the brain. Thus, a double image is perceived. The condition is known as diplopia, or double vision. Prismatic lenses are prescribed to correct this defect.Imperfections in the cones of the retina, resulting from heredity or disease, cause defective color vision. This is known as color blindness, or Daltonism. In total color blindness, everything appears in shades of gray.