Pathophysiology Of Renal Failure

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Yevette Collier Term 2 FTZ ACUTE RENAL FAILURE Instructor Michelle Earixson-Lamothe 12/05/2013 Explain the pathophysiology of acute renal failure. Include pre-renal, intra-renal, and Post- renal causes. In the Human body there are two kidneys which are predominant component organs that transport waste and other unwanted toxin chemicals out of the blood stream. When the kidneys stop working all the waste backs up into the body which causes several different illnesses. Renal Failure is one of many illnesses that occur. This usually happens because the powerlessness of the nephron in the kidneys that keep fluid, electrolytes, and acid base balances; expel nitrogen waste products; and act upon regulatory functions such as maintaining calcification of bones and producing erythropoietin, cannot maintain homeostasis according to Timby B & Smith N (2010). There are two types of renal failure Acute and chronic. I’m going to elaborate on the most common type acute renal failure. Acute Renal failure Acute renal failure is distinguished by an abrupt rapid diminishing kidney function but, is usually reversible. Pre-renal, Intra-renal, and Post-renal are three general categories that cause acute renal failure. 1. Pre-renal acute renal failure is manifested when a sudden severe decrease in blood pressure (shock) or (renal hypo-perfusion) interruption in blood flow to the kidney from a severe injury or illness (Urinary power point, 2013). According to Williams & Wilkins (2008) in pre-renal ARF, there is nothing wrong with the kidney itself. Affected renal blood flow may result from hemorrhage; third-spacing, MI; primary renal artery stenosis or anything that reduces systemic blood pressure, severe blood loss or volume deple... ... middle of paper ... ...s several times a week. • Peritoneal dialysis uses the lining of your abdomen, called the peritoneal membrane, to filter your blood. This dialysis treatment can be utilized at home when using a continuous peritoneal dialysis. • Renal transplant is a surgical treatment for end stage renal disease. Normally theses transplants are obtained by deceased donors, which are limited and require a close match between blood and tissue type (preferably a twin or family member). Transplant rejection occurs when transplanted tissue is rejected by the recipient's Immune system, which destroys the transplanted tissue. Transplant rejection can be lessened by determining the molecular similitude between donor and recipient and by use of immunosuppressant drugs after transplant. What are the short term nursing goals and long term nursing goals for a client with acute renal failure?

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