Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai M.A Elementary Education (2014-2016) Assignment-1 1. Krishna Kumar has argued that “Orientalism and Anglicism appear to be two faces of the colonial enterprise, rather than forces in conflict” (Kumar, Krishna, 2005, Appropriate Knowledge, pp: 71). Explain your agreement or disagreement with Krishna Kumar by providing arguments and suitable examples drawn from different readings, minute by Macaulay and letter by Wilson and the discussions in the class. (2000-3000 words) Subject:-History of Education Guided by:-Prof. Pushpendra Singh Prepared By: - Veji Chavda Enrolment no:-M2014EE032 “Orientalism and Anglicism appear to be two faces of the colonial enterprise, rather than forces in conflict” …show more content…
Bengali 'Bhadralok' and Educational Development in 19th Century Bengal, Economic and Political Weekly 28 may 1988 2) Kumar, Krishna (2005), ‘Chapter 3, Appropriate Knowledge’, in Political Agenda of Education: A Study of Colonialist and Nationalist Ideas. Second Edition. New Delhi: Sage, pp: 49-72. 3) Macaulay, T. B. (1999). 'Minute Recorded in the General Department by Thomas Babington Macaulay, Law Member of the Governor-General's Council', Dated 2 February 1835', in Zastoupil, Lynn and Moir, Martin (Ed.) the Great Indian Education Debate: Documents Relating to the Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy, 1781-1843. Surrey: Curzon Press, pp: 161-173.(www.acadmia.edu) 4) Sirkin, Natalie Robinson and Sirkin, Gerald. The Battle of Indian Education: Macaulay's Opening Salvo Newly Discovered, Victorian Studies, Vol. 14, No. 4 (Jun., 1971), pp. 407-428. (www.acadmia.edu) 5) Wilson, H. H. (1999). 'Letter from H. H. Wilson to the Editor of The Asiatic Journal Concerning the 'Education of the Natives of India', Dated 5 December 1835', in Zastoupil, Lynn and Moir, Martin (Ed.) The Great Indian Education Debate: Documents Relating to the Orientalist-Anglicist Controversy, 1781-1843. Surrey: : 205-22 (www.academia.edu) 6) Discussion in
Cricket in some ways was a unifying force for the various classes in India as well as the relationship between Great Britain and India. As seen in Document 2, an Indian cricketer was invited to “...join the Sussex team,” that was a team from European country. This shows some equality between n...
Smith, Paul Chaat. 2009. Everything You Know about Indian Is Wrong. Minneapolis: Unviersity of Minnesota Press. Print.
James, Lawrence. Raj: The Making and Unmaking of British India. New York: St. Martin's, 1998. Print.
In colonial times, the English settlers faced several issues with the Indians that inhabited the land before the English landed to establish colonies. Among these issues were communication and maintaining peace. This is proven through two distinctive Indian cultures. One of them led by Powhatan and the other led by Metacom. By comparing the two tribes, it will be clear that throughout the 17th century, Indian and English relationships differed because of the treatment of the Indians by the English and the communication between the two parties.
Stensland, Anna Lee. “Indian Boyhood by Charles A. Eastman’” The English Journal 66, no. 3 (1977): 59.
“The contact of two races so dissimlar in character, in culture, and institutions, as the English and the Indian, raises the problem of the contact of cultures in its most acute forms” (Spear, 22). The problem in India was complicated by numerous factors. The strangeness of the environment, the differences in the national character of the two groups and the differences in the social and political institutions, were the few that played an im...
A joyful scene is in view, there is a family celebrating an event and making quite a ruckus with an abundance of food and music. The bride is beautiful in her dress, and her family picks her up and carries her to her husband. They are not headed for the alter however, but for a fiery funeral pyre. There her family will toss her into the fire, and this widow will join her dead husband in the afterlife, prove her commitment to him and to her faith. In the corner stand two well-dressed British men, with their faces turned away from the scene they find dreadful. There is a clear contrast between the British and the Indians here regarding this practice called sat. This scene paints the picture created by the missionary James Pegg and it seems to say a lot about the relationship between Britain and India during the nineteenth century. This state of the British being present but taking no action seems to summarize the relations between India and Britain when it came to sati for a time. However, there came a point when British officers started making illegal certain kinds of sati, and eventually banned it all together. This makes one wonder what sparked the change from passivity to such strong action. This article will examine the change and try to prove the point that a fear of sati on the part of the British made them want to get rid of this unfamiliar practice. The article will try to verify the stance that the British who outlawed sati felt threatened by it because of its strangeness, the lack of control they had over it, and the bad reputation it gave to Britain since they claimed to be a civilizing and good nature upon India; by outlawing it they regained control and were able to maintain a good character for their nation. Befor...
On the topic of “orientalism”, Edward Said is certainly not lacking in opinions. His understanding is that when the Europeans created a division between the western and eastern worlds, the western, civilized nations came to be called the occident, and the eastern, less civilized nations were thus referred to as the orient. Said saw a concern however, when the Europeans began generalizing those attributes which they associated with the orient, and then including them in scientific findings and media which would be seen by and thus influence the ideas of the western world. As a result of his understanding of orientalism and his strong arguments against the Western bias, Said is often seen as either a powerful corrective to this bias or a hindrance to open discussion on the topic. Though I cannot say that I wholly agree with either side, I would argue that Edward Said does more to hinder open discussion than he does to correct the bias, which is both evidenced in his own writings as well as those of his dissenting contemporaries. One thing that no scholar can deny is that “Edward Said’s...
The decision to grant independence to India was not the logical culmination of errors in policy, neither was it as a consequence of a mass revolution forcing the British out of India, but rather, the decision was undertaken voluntarily. Patrick French argues that: “The British left India because they lost control over crucial areas of the administration, and lacked the will and the financial or military ability to recover that control”.
Fitting Said’s vision of Orientalism into post colonial theory is a fluid meeting of social discourse. As post colonial theory demands a “constant redefinition of both “politics” and “culture” in a rapidly globalizing world,” Said also questions how cultural power and privilege determines modern identity (Nealon and Giroux, 149). Said’s dialogue of “Oritentalism” demands a new look at history and the colonial processes imprinted upon so many peoples. It opens and engages discourses of racism and socio-economic inequality, and intrinsically asks how post-colonial theory translates into our lives today.
Goswami, Priyam; 1999; Assam In The Nineteenth Century: Industrialization, and Colonial Penetration; Spectrum Publication; Guwahati-78001; p-80
Said, Edward W. 1978. "Orientalism." In Studies in Culture: An Introductory Reader, ed. Ann Gray and Jim McGuigan. London: Arnold, 1997, pp. 42-53.
We have, in this paper, tried to discuss how colonization, thanks to Macaulay’s Minute has impacted the educational system in India over the past few centuries and the need to restructure the English education in India. It has been observed that introduction of Indian writings in English in addition to the original English writings to a large extent can help us learn English well.
Because there are have been so many dropouts the Indian government has created incentives such as food to encourage students to stay. There are many disagreements on the philosophy of Gandhi’s teachings. However, as he is one of India’s most loved hero’s, many schools have attempted to implement Gandhi’s teachings or their understanding of his teachings. Education is a tool of change and India is definitely changing. This essay will explore the extent to which British colonial rule and Gandhi’s educational thoughts are present in Indian education today. Through analyzing the history and present role of these educational contributors this essay will delve into understanding the ways in which these educational practices are being implemented and how that compares its original intent. What is education like in India today and who contributed more to the current system?
John MacLeod also explores this division in Beginning Postcolonialism. He argues that “[f]undamental to the view of the world fashioned by Orientalism is the binary division it makes between the Orient and the Occident” (49). The dualism exists is the cause that the presence of the Orient is able to “define Europe (or the West) as [the Orient’s] contrasting image, idea, personality, experience” (Said 1-2). Consequently, the existence of the Orient has its necessity for the Occident. MacLeod addresses that “[t]he Orient is conceived as being everything that the West is not, its ‘alter ego’. Each is assumed to exist in position to the [O]ther(O capital or not?),