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Reflection on indian literature
Reflection on indian literature
Post colonial indian literature
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Jack Forbes, a Native American scholar, is the author of Only Approved Indians. This is a collection of seventeen short stories that take in to account the vicissitudes of life for modern-day Indians. The stories are full of humor and irony. The book gets its title from its lead story, ‘Only Approved Indians can Play Made in the USA’ (Howard, 1995). ‘Only Approved Indians can Play Made in the USA’ talks about a basketball match. The story is full of irony. I talks of an Indian basketball team that attends the tournament but it is not allowed to play because its players are allegedly not approved Indians. The story kicks of describing the situation at the second day of the championship. Conventionally, in a basketball tournament, each and every …show more content…
To be a legible player, one had to be an Approved Indian. An approved Indian in this case had to be of a quarter or more Indian blood. If challenged on their origin, they were supposed to avail their BIA roll numbers. So this makes BIA roll numbers the sole way of determining whether the player in question is Indian or not. This makes it ridiculous since as stated, all official Indians were under the rule of the whites and only the “recognized Indians” were considered Indians regardless of their skin color, what they speak or where they come from. Having “Approved Indian” as the title of the piece creates ridicule and impacts curiosity to the …show more content…
This would prove that they are approved Indians hence eligible to play the game. The origin of two players of one team was challenged and they could not produce the BIA roll numbers. One was allegedly Chicano – a person with the origin of Mexico but born in America – since he was heavily built and dark while the other one, apparently looked like an Indian but had a big goatee and a Spanish accent hence the suspicion. The player who was allegedly Chicano was able to speak Papago, and the other player with a goatee claimed that he was a full – blood Tarahumara Indian but still, their team was disqualified in the end. On the other hand, the opponent team had players, where most of them were very white. This brought about a lot of suspicion regarding their origin but all of them had BIA identification cards to prove they were true Indians. The team had one player who had blonde hair. Although in reality he was only about a sixteenth, BIA rolls had been changed for his tribe. There, he became a fourth legally. This shows and emphasizes how wide the term “Indian” could be. There was no much difference between this guys and the guy who was allegedly Chicano. But the difference sets in since he had a BIA card. This shows how important it was to be identified by the Bureau of Indian
In Sacramento, California there are crusades to get rid of school’s with Indian team mascots. There are other offensive team mascots aside from Indian mascots as the Imperial Valley College Arabs and the Hollywood High Sheiks. (Bustillo, 1). People from California are trying to pass a bill AB 2115 that would rid public schools of any racial or ethnic groups. (Boghossian, 1). This has been a issue since the late 1960’s. The National Congress of American Indians has been trying to rid team sports from ...
In a generation focused on social justice and the elimination of prejudice from our society, there is still a use of offensive language and terminology in the area of professional sports. In “The Indian Wars” by S. L. Price, Price attempts to make the reader aware of sports teams that use derogatory terms as their team name and their mascot. He does this by highlighting football, and trying to determine whether Native-Americans are offended by team names in sports, or more specifically, the Redskins. Price’s essay is ineffective because although he raises good points, he doesn’t help the reader to form an opinion by adding historical context to the derogatory names used. He also uses inaccurate poll results to make assumptions about the feelings
Asian or any other ethnic group is unthinkable, so why are Native Americans still fair game”? (Shakely 522) Jack Shakely, former chair of the los Angeles City/county Native American Commission as well as president emeritus of the California community Foundation, effectively argues that removing Native American names and mascots from college and professional teams is the right thing to do. Indian mascots for sports teams are offensive to many Native Americans because they are portrayed as savage cut-throats or act like fools. Jack Shakely argues his point in the article, “Indian Mascots- You’re Out!” by explaining his experience with Indians portrayed as mascots and how dignity and respect are not subject to majority rule. A fourth-generation Oklahoman of Creek descent, he is the author of “The Confederate War Bonnet”, a historical novel of the Civil War in Indian Territory. Shakely is mixed-blood Muscogee/Creek and his family has fought against Indian stereotypes. Being a known author, a leader of these important organizations, Native American, and personally dealing with his family fighting against Indian stereotypes makes Shakely creditable to argue his point effectively. I also believe that Indian names and mascot should be removed, because I would be offended if a sports team was named after African Americans and an African American mascot was dancing around like a fool. Some Native Americans believe that people are getting the wrong impression about them. Only %16 of Native Americans find Indian names and mascots offensive but Shakely states, “If 16% of a population finds something offensive, that should be enough to signal deep concern. There are...
Talking Back to Civilization , edited by Frederick E. Hoxie, is a compilation of excerpts from speeches, articles, and texts written by various American Indian authors and scholars from the 1890s to the 1920s. As a whole, the pieces provide a rough testimony of the American Indian during a period when conflict over land and resources, cultural stereotypes, and national policies caused tensions between Native American Indians and Euro-American reformers. This paper will attempt to sum up the plight of the American Indian during this period in American history.
middle of paper ... ... In regards to the use of Indian mascots by elementary, middle and high school sports teams, I feel that children should be exposed to realistic and positive portrayals of American Indians during their educational years, rather than something that can be taken as bigoted. It is the responsibility of educators to set the example and teach the youth of today to respect other ethnic or minority peoples - NOT to exploit or disrespect them by using them as'mascots' or stereotypical 'images' which perpetuates racism. In his article, Price got one thing right: The Indian Wars have not ended.
Talking Back to Civilization: Indian Voices from the Progressive Era edited by Frederick E. Hoxie is a book which begins with an introduction into the life of Charles Eastman and a brief overview of the history of Native Americans and their fight for justice and equal rights, it then continues by describing the different ways and avenues of speaking for Indian rights and what the activists did. This leads logically into the primary sources which “talk back” to the society which had overrun their own. The primary sources immerse the reader into another way of thinking and cause them to realize what our societal growth and even foundation has caused to those who were the true natives. The primary sources also expand on the main themes of the book which are outlines in the introduction. They are first and most importantly talking back to the “pale faces”, Indian education, religion, American Indian policy, the image of the Indians presented in America. The other chapters in the book further expanded on these ideas. These themes will be further discussed in the following chapters along with a review of this
Before the Pechanga Band of Luiseno Indians, in Riverside California could begin modes gaming operations (Barker 165), there were other Indian tribes taking a gamble with gaming in California during the early 1980’s. Some of these tribes like the Cabazon Band of Mission Indians were operating bingo and poker games on their reservation against state laws. The state of California decided to show its power to the Cabazon Band by using Public Law 280 (1953), which had granted the state criminal jurisdiction over Indian reservations. ...
This is because photographers and writers make Indians resemble the Indian stereotype. A photographer in the 1900’s Edward Sheriff Curtis would take a box of paraphernalia to his photo shoots, like wigs, clothes, and backdrops in case he ran into an Indian who did not look the part Curtis would pay these Indians to change their hair or their outfit until they looked like an “Indian”(King, 34). I do not understand why Curtis would continue taking pictures of Indians in these stereotypical outfits, when he knew that they did not look that way; however Curtis was not the only one who created this stereotype. Karl May a writer, wrote a book on Indians, creating all these stereotypes, when in real life May had never even met an Indian. This seems strange that May would write a book validating this stereotype, when he himself had not even met an Indian in person. These stereotypes that were created by people like Curtis and May are unacceptable and as a student, I can help people understand the
Stark, H. K., & Wilkins, D. E. (2011). American Indian Politics and the American Political System. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, Inc.
In the photograph of Joe Black Fox, 1898 (Kasebier, Gertrude) it shows a how a Indian can be a white person from smoking a cigarette or speaking English . This here proves the vanishing of the loss of identity/language, were these Indians have to speak English, act white, and possibly dismiss their culture, but some didn't . The Indian identity was vanishing by boarding schools, but the Indian culture/ tradition still remains.
Thomas King uses an oral story-telling style of writing mingled with western narrative in his article “You’re Not the Indian I Had in Mind” to explain that Indians are not on the brink of extinction. Through this article in the Racism, Colonialism, and Indigeneity in Canada textbook, King also brings some focus to the topic of what it means to be “Indian” through the eyes of an actual Aboriginal versus how Aboriginals are viewed by other races of people. With his unique style of writing, King is able to bring the reader into the situations he describes because he writes about it like a story he is telling.
He had been surrounded by Indians almost his whole life. From a very young age, he had been taken in by a Pomo Indian family. To think that these weren’t his people was probably upsetting. He had learned the Indian culture and even some of the Pomo Indian language. It didn’t matter if he wasn’t actually Indian biologically. He was nothing less than Indian at heart.
The circumstances the Native American people endured clarify their current issues. American Indians have poor education and a high percent are unemployed when equated to “U.S. all races” (Spector, 2009, p. 205). Many American Indians still live on reservations and work as a
In Thomas King’s novel, The Inconvenient Indian, the story of North America’s history is discussed from his original viewpoint and perspective. In his first chapter, “Forgetting Columbus,” he voices his opinion about how he feel towards the way white people have told America’s history and portraying it as an adventurous tale of triumph, strength and freedom. King hunts down the evidence needed to reveal more facts on the controversial relationship between the whites and natives and how it has affected the culture of Americans. Mainly untangling the confusion between the idea of Native Americans being savages and whites constantly reigning in glory. He exposes the truth about how Native Americans were treated and how their actual stories were
According to Deloria, there are many misconceptions pertaining to the Indians. He amusingly tells of the common White practice of ...