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Symbolism in the literary criticism
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In modern times, one thing the members of society love to mention is how much it has progressed over the years, but has it really? Many aspects of the novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest point to a very distinct absence of progression. While society enjoys claiming to have progressed, readers are able to observe aspects of modern society within One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey. The novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey comments on the aspects of modern society by allowing the reader to observe deprecation of choice, individual degradation, and personal silencing in order to shed light on society’s faults. In theory, the idea of democracy is a fantastic one, a system where the people can decide for themselves what happens in their lives through voting is truly wonderful. However, a system works only as well as the person …show more content…
In the novel, Nurse Ratched is depicted as the overlord of the ward, with each and every patient pressed firmly beneath the pad of her thumb. Under the rule of Nurse Ratched, living on the ward is “a dehumanizing, tedious pattern which is scientifically measured and automatically scheduled for maximum precision” (Vitkus 4). In Nurse Ratched’s ideal world, each and every person works to achieve maximum efficiency, or as Bromden described it, “efficiency locks the ward like a watchman’s clock” (Kesey 32). The doctor advocates for the democratic system being upheld in the ward by saying that change can be made through voting. Yet when each citizen is too scared to vote, no change is made. Nurse Ratched’s system is democratic in name only. Such a setup, deprives the patients of the freedom of choice. Thus allowing those in
The choice that a novelist makes in deciding the point of view for a novel is hardly a minor one. Few authors make the decision to use first person narration by secondary character as Ken Kesey does in One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest. By choosing Bromden as narrator instead of the central character of Randle Patrick McMurphy, Kesey gives us narration that is objective, that is to say from the outside of the central character, and also narration that is subjective and understandably unreliable. The paranoia and dementia that fill Bromden's narration set a tone for the struggle for liberation that is the theme of the story. It is also this choice of narrator that leads the reader to wonder at the conclusion whether the story was actually that of McMurphy or Bromden. Kesey's choice of narrative technique makes One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest a successful novel.
Society takes control over so many aspects in our lives that it’s often difficult for us to speak against it. One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, written by Ken Kesey, explores a great deal of issues society was facing during the 60’s. Using the 1960’s second wave of feminism we get a feel of what society was like during the time. We are also presented with various parallels between the book and religion. While Kesey not only provides us with an avant-garde work of literature, he also gives us a different perspective on the control society thrived to maintain, not only as women but in a religious aspect.
Human nature is a recurrent theme throughout the story; being one of the patients himself the narrator and the rest of the patients shoe this in their wish to be independent and follow their own free will. In the book the narrator often refers to the hospital staff and the government, as one force, the combine. The narrator expresses his resentment towards the combine when he takes time to reflect on his past. He recalls how “The combine… It wanted us to live in inspected houses… He fought it a long time (Kesey 187).” In this quote he remembers when he was younger and the government wanted to take the land from the Indians. As a child, he felt powerless against such a force as the government, knowing that he couldn’t do anything to stop them from taking his home. In the story, the patients periodically protest and disrupt the “combine” in an effort to follow their own free will. Students who read this novel will build a connection with the characters, as they struggle in their efforts against the combine to win their rights. Because we practice our free will on a daily basis and know that not everyone has this right in other countries, reading about people stripped of it, is not an outdated subject. Considering this book outdated is not a good reason to ban it as the lessons it teaches about human nature could never be considered
In One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, R.P. McMurphy is not a typical patient stuck in a ward. In fact, McMurphy is one idiosyncratic patient that no one in the ward has ever encountered. But throughout the book, he becomes an innate leader and a “martyr” for the other patients in the book, much like Christ in the Bible. Christ is an intended symbol that the author, Ken Kesey, uses in this book. McMurphy acts like Christ in the book—a model and leader for his disciples, the other patients. He tries to free the other patients from Nurse Ratched, the psychotic, inhumane leader of them all. He “fights” Nurse Ratched by becoming a leader for the other patients so that they may have hope that they can make it out of this ward still sane, despite what Nurse Ratched has done to them to brainwash them into believing that she is a good, caring leader who can be trusted. It is right in that case to associate him with a powerful, and worshipped leader such as Christ. However, McMurphy is not a Christ-figure due to his violent, sexual and seemingly amoral behavior throughout the book, despite all the things that make him seem worthy to be compared to Christ. Christ is a sinless, holy being. That one detail may seem insignificant to some, but it is actually the stripped down reason, the core reason, why McMurphy is not like Christ. McMurphy’s weakness to gamble excessively, his want to rebel without reason, and his desire to do risqué behavior, sins which he commits, conclude that McMurphy is not a figure similar to Christ.
Written by Ken Kesey, One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest was published in 1967 by Penguin Books. This story was written based on the author’s experience while working in a mental institution. He held long conversations with the inmates in order to gain a better understanding of them. It was during this period that he wrote the first draft of One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. Most of the characters in the novel are based upon actual patients he met while working at the hospital.
One message relayed by Kesey is the fact that in society people who may be
A democracy cannot exist as a permanent form of government. It can only exist until the voters discover that they can vote themselves largesse from the public treasury. From that moment on, the majority always votes for the candidates promising the most benefits from the public treasury, with the result
At first glance, a reader may wonder how Ken Kesey’s novel One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, a book depicting a group of mentally unstable men and their boisterous Irish-American leader, connects with the economic and sociological view o...
Nurse Ratched and McMurphy get into a fight because McMurphy is tired of Nurse Ratched not making any patients life better. In the civil rights movement of 1963, blacks fought whites because African Americans wanted to increase their power enough to be equal to the Caucasians. In Simon Hall’s view, “In the spring of 1963, as a shock nation watched Bull Connor unleash police dogs and high pressured hoes on Black school children in Birmingham, African American took to the streets across the South. The year 1963 saw more than 20,000 people arrested in more than 900 demonstrations …”. Kesey states, “She tried to get her ward back into shape, but it was different with McMurphy’s presence still tromping up and down the halls and laughing out loud in the meetings and singing in the latrines” (320). In 1963, fights broke out because blacks didn’t agree with the rules of conformity. Blacks wanted to be equal to whites and they tried anything to earn respect. McMurphy bashed heads with Nurse Ratched a lot because he wanted to make changes in the ward in order for every patient to receive help in the ward. The patients didn’t agree with the rules Nurse Ratched restricted the ward to, so McMurphy stood up and fought for what he believed in. Kesey reveals the rules of conformity within the
In the book One Flew Over The Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey the use of Christ imagery is overall effective. One of the first images was the fishing trip planned by McMurphy because only twelve people went and Jesus took twelve disciples with him on a fishing trip. Billy Bibbits turning on McMurphy near the end by admitting that he was involved in McMurphys plan was like Judas admitting he participated with Jesus. Towards the end of the story McMurphy is a martyr just like Jesus because the patients aren’t free until he dies. Those are a few examples of how Kesey uses Christ imagery in his book.
The novel One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest by Ken Kesey showed the interpretations of Dr. Spivey and Nurse Ratched regarding the Therapeutic Community. Dr. Spivey a doctor at the hospital who is inferior to Nurse Ratched asserts himself with the patients. Nurse Ratched the head nurse sees the Therapeutic Community in a different light and seems to be against the patient's. The theory of the Therapeutic Community is that a man has to learn to get along in a group before he can get along in society.
Ken Kesey’s “One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest” has been a topic of both reverence and controversy since its release in 1962. At the heart of the counter-culture movement of that time, “Cuckoo’s Nest” was regarded with respect as a ground breaking look into institutionalization and as an allegorical new-age view of the world. As well as praise, the book has received much criticism for its raunchy themes and sensitive topics such as disability and human sexuality. One question that is often raised among readers, though, pertains to the way Kesey presents the women of the story and the roles they play in its grand scheme. It’s a two part question long debated among literary critics that, in order to internalize the full effect of the story, should
Many social issues and problems are explored in Ken Kesey's novel One Flew Over The Cuckoo's Nest. Perhaps the most obvious complaint against society is the treatment of the individual. This problem of the individual versus the system is a very controversial topic that has provoked great questioning of the government and the methods used to treat people who are unable to conform to the government's standards.
The nurse-patient relationship is one that is built on a mutual trust and respect that fosters hope and assists in a harmonious healing process. A nurse has the professional duty to the patient to provide physical, emotional, and spiritual care to avoid injury. Any negligence in rendering care to the patient is direct disregard and results in malpractice. This is the crux of the problem with Nurse Ratched. In One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest, Nurse Ratched is guilty of malpractice due to the cruel medical treatments she practiced, mental anguish inflicted by her on the patients, as well as the undue authority she had in the hospital that she consistently misused.
One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey explores the tendency of humans to conform to ideals proposed by popular society. The participants in this society process their new members, shunning those who deviate from the norm. Ken Kesey uses the image of a combine harvester to symbolize the organized way society classifies its inhabitants. As a person excluded from society, Chief Bromden feels pressured by the representatives of society who try to ‘fix’ him, to make him conform to the popular ideal. Chief imagines himself lost in a fog when he feels overwhelmed by the demands of society. However, this fog starts to disappear when Randall Patrick McMurphy enters the ward. McMurphy teaches the patients in the ward to value happiness and learning and admitting mistakes over striving for societal perfection. Kesey uses the Combine, Chief’s hallucinations of fog, and McMurphy’s laughter to express the manipulative, repressive character of popular society.