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Cultural change in things fall apart by chinua achebe
The importance of chinua achebe things fall apart
The themes of cultural conflicts in the chinua Achebe's things fall apart
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The Necessity of Change: Okonkwo’s Denial to change in Things Fall Apart
People change, not everyone stays the same throughout their life. This is what happens to Okonkwo, in Chinua Achebe's, Things Fall Apart. He was a man, but every man has a weak spot which if touched will make him break. Okonkwo rejected everything his father stood for. Unoka (Okonkwo's Father) was lazy, poor, soft, and a coward. Okonkwo adapted every feature opposite to his fathers. Okonkwo was strong, rich, brave, and strives to show no affection for anyone, as this was considered soft and weak. The book shows how Okonkwo couldn't adapt to the new 'White men' coming in, thus destroying him as he gets stripped of his manly status. Okonkwo works hard for his manhood but
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Okonkwo then later goes to live with his Mother’s family in Mbanta. Okonkwo felt that everything came to an end. He was saddened because he was stripped of his manhood and his goal: “a great passion—to become one of the lords of the clan” (121). He then later was presented with something to distract him from his loss, this was the arrival of the ‘White Men’. When Nwoye, Okonkwo’s son, converts to Christianity, it upsets Okonkwo at first, “but on further thought he told himself that Nwoye was not worth fighting for” (142). Okonkwo had always feared that Nwoye would end up like Unoka, thus making himself forget about Nwoye. He convinced himself that once he sets foot back in Umuofia, he would be back where he belonged, thinking that his community hadn’t changed, and he would start working hard on his farm once again. Therefore making him think that Umuofia would be able to cope with the disturbance of the ‘White Men’ easily. Finally, when Okonkwo did return, he realized that this was not the case. But instead of Umuofia battling the Whites, “it seemed as if the very soul of the tribe wept for a great evil that was coming – its own death” (172), he once again went into a state of turmoil and killed himself. The whites attracted so many members of Umuofia, especially the ones who possessed the lowest positions and the ones who questioned the previous order, to critically weaken the village’s base. The new ways of Umuofia were completely different from what Okonkwo had placed as his road in his youth. Okonkwo did one last thing that his father would never have had the strength to do. In a way, not only did Okonkwo die, the values and traditions of Umuofia died with him because of how Umuofia accepted the new
Okonkwo is known throughout Umuofia to be extremely masculine. He rarely shows signs of fear or weakness. This is because Oknokwo promised himself he would be the complete opposite of his father Unoka. Unoka had passed away ten years prior to when the story takes place but he has always been remembered as a weak, lazy, poor man who could barely provide for his family. He was always in debt and didn't care to work, he would play his flute all day everyday if he was able to. "People laughed at him because he was a loafer, and they swore never to lend him any more money because he never paid back" (5). Unoka was the laugh of the town and Okonkwo would never allow himself be that.
When the messengers come in and are prohibiting a meeting of the Umuofia people and their leaders, it breaks Okonkwo. “‘ The white man whose power you know too well has ordered this meeting to stop.’” (Achebe 204) The power had been taken from the village and when the people that toolkit tried to to force the power they to Okonkwo could not take it any more.After Okonkwo had killed the messenger he know that it was over and no one would help. “Then they came to the tree from which Okonkwo’s body was dangling, and they stopped dead.” (Achebe 207) His village was full brave people, but everyone in now afraid of the white man. The only person that tried to stop it acted up, but no one followed him and gave up on everything. Because of outside forces pushing in, the village fell apart, but it was not from the outside forces it was the people on the inside not pushing back.
Okonkwo, the main character of the book, was born the son of Unoka, who was a loafer. Unoka was too lazy to go out and plant crops on new, fertile land, and preferred to stay at home playing his flute, drinking palm wine, and making merry with the neighbors. Because of this, his father never had enough money, and his family went hungry. He borrowed much money in order to maintain this lifestyle. Okonkwo perceived this as an imbalance toward the female side in his father's character: staying at home and not using one's strength to provide for the family is what the women do. In reaction, Okonkwo completely rejected his father, and therefore the feminine side of himself. He became a star wrestler and warrior in his tribe and began providing for his family at a very young age, while at the same time starting new farms and beginning to amass wealth. He is very successful, and soon becomes one of the leaders of his tribe and has many wives and children. His big ambition is to become one of the powerful elders of the tribe, for what could be more manly than that?
He was in great conflict with the ideas of the white men and the missionaries. Okonkwo saw that their beliefs had not only changed the daily life of the Ibo, but it also changed the people themselves: “He mourned for the warlike men of Umuofia, who had so unaccountably become soft like women” (Achebe 183). The author uses strong diction to compare the men before and after colonization. This quote also portrays Okonkwo’s opinion towards the cultural collision. He values strength and masculinity immensely because of his fear of appearing weak like his father Unoka. When he describes that the men of Umuofia changed to be soft like women, this shows how much he dishonors the Western ideas and how it has taken over the village. He made an attempt to get rid of the Western influence by urging the tribe to fight like men, but they refuse to. He was determined and still attempted to furthermore encourage the people of Umuofia to revolt against the new culture. He realizes that his attempts to return the village back to the way it was before were futile. He knew that Christianity was tearing his people apart, but knew he was incapable of making change to help his people. Okonkwo then starts to feel hopeless and abandoned by his clan, which causes him to commit suicide by hanging himself: “Obierika… turned suddenly to the District Commissioner and said ferociously: ‘That man was one of the greatest men
Okonkwo, a fierce warrior, remains unchanged in his unrelenting quest to solely sustain the culture of his tribe in the time of religious war in Achebe's book, Things Fall Apart. He endures traumatic experiences of conflict from other tribes, dramatic confrontations from within his own family, and betrayal by his own tribe.
Okonkwo expresses his view on their domination towards the igbo people by saying, “until the abominable gang was chased out the village with whips there would be no peace” (158). Okonkwo here is expressing what they should do for the clan to protect themselves from the colonists and have action, and because of his mainly personality his role starts to come back into the Igbo after 7 years of exile. Okonkwo reached a point were he has total hate toward the white people and christianity which means he is willing to disown his own son Nwoye by stating, “If any one of you prefers to be a woman, let him follow Nwoye now while I am alive so that I can curse him” (172). The reason for Okonkwo choice of wording is because he feels that his son betrayed him for the cause he hates
When the structure of Umuofia began to change, Okonkwo found himself incapable of adapting like the rest of the villagers. He was determined to live a life that could not survive the changing world, and his dreams crumbled. Throughout the novel, Achebe demonstrates that the lack of being able to adapt to change will leave you lost in society. Since his childhood, Okonkwo has always been ashamed of his father, Unoka. Unoka was rarely able to feed his children, which made Okonkwo scared and embarrassed.
Unoka had brought himself shame through being heavily in debt and a poor farmer which were signs of prosperity and strength for the men in this society. Consequently, Okonkwo was given the responsibility of caring for his father’s household and suffering the embarrassment of being the son of an “agbala” which is the term used to refer to an old woman (13). Moreover, becoming the driving force for why his life was driven by a single fear; “It was the fear of himself, lest he should be found to resemble his father” (13). This single fear defined everything the Okonkwo strived to be which was successful, a great farmer, a great warrior, and why he would do anything to show he was not weak, but it also meant he would hate everything that was attributed to his father such as cowardice, weakness, laziness, gentleness, and anything else used to describe his father. Altogether it paints a picture of a man obsessed with strength and power due to a fear of weakness caused by the failures of his
Chinua Achebe’s novel, Things Fall Apart, depicts the story of a man named Okonkwo, who undergoes many adjustments throughout the course of his life. After being one of the most respected men in his village of Umuofia, he is exiled for seven years. Within his exile, Okonkwo has to overcome his feelings about the situation he has gotten himself into. Upon returning to Umuofia, he has to adjust to the cultural shifts that have occurred during his absence. The way Okonkwo deals with the drastic changes exemplifies and builds up his character.
The character of Okonkwo in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart was driven by fear, a fear of change and losing his self-worth. He needed the village of Umuofia, his home, to remain untouched by time and progress because its system and structure were the measures by which he assigned worth and meaning in his own life. Okonkwo required this external order because of his childhood and a strained relationship with his father, which was also the root of his fears and subsequent drive for success. When the structure of Umuofia changed, as happens in society, Okonkwo was unable to adapt his methods of self-evaluation and ways of functioning in the world; the life he was determined to live could not survive a new environment and collapsed around him.
Okonkwo had dreams, some of his dreams were fulfilled while others weren’t. Okonkwo's dreams were to be successful and better than his father which happened because he was one of the greatest, well known and respected men in the tribe of Umuofia. His other dream was for his son Nwoye to be just like him which didn’t happen since Nwoye was not happy with the way he was being treated and he went and joined the white men church in spite of his father.
Upon an initial reading of Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart, it is easy to blame the demise of Okonkwo’s life and of the Umofia community on the imperialistic invasions of the white men. After all, Okonkwo seemed to be enjoying relative peace and happiness before then. He did have a few mishaps; one of them resulted in him being exiled for eight years. Nonetheless, he returned to his home town with high spirits and with prospects of increased success. However, everything has changed. The white men have brought with them a new religion and a new government. Okonkwo’s family falls apart. The men in his village lose their courage and valor; they do not offer any resistance to the white men. Consequently, Okonkwo kills himself in disgrace and Umofia succumbs to the white men. However, the white men are not the only people responsible for demise of Umofia. The Igbo culture, particularly their views on gender roles, sows the seed of their own destruction. By glorifying aggressive, manly traits and ignoring the gentle, womanly traits, Umofia brings about its own falling apart.
...s return to Umuofia at the end of his exile when he returns home. The white men send their a messenger to the village. Okonkwo is still enraged about Nwoye's conversion. He sprang to his feet as soon as he saw who it was. He confronted the head messenger, trembling with hate, unable to utter a word. The man was fearless and stood his ground, his four men lined up behind him. “In a flash Okonkwo drew his machete. . . . Okonkwo’s machete descended twice and the man's head lay beside his uniformed body” (204).
This crime from Okonkwo left him away from his homeland for seven years, and during his escape, his old culture would soon be evolved. This unintentional action also played a domino effect, first moving his family away and having his home destroyed, then having his son, Nwoye turn back on him and become a missionary in Umuofia joining the white culture. Achebe describes how Nwoye declines Okonkwo being his father towards Obierika who is doing favors for the family (144). Hearing this, his father seems to not be harmed and is disappointed in his son. These missionaries began assembling into Umuofia, convincing the clansmen that there is only one God, and He is the creator of everything unlike what the clansmen had believed. They had a god for everything, but they now were being persuaded. Hearing this, Okonkwo is in shock and believes that the only way to solve the issue is to chase the men out of the village some way (Achebe 146). Nwoye is attracted to the new religion but has yet to reveal it to his father for fear of him. When Okonkwo heard the news, he is infuriated with anger. “… sprang to his feet and gripped him by the neck”
Throughout history, there have been many instances of people struggling to identify and cope with change and tradition, and this is no different in Chinua Achebe’s Things Fall Apart. Through most of the novel, Okonkwo, his family, and the villagers all experience this struggle. As the missionaries continue to live in the Evil Forest, they repeatedly gain village converts as a result of the Igbo beliefs constantly being proven inaccurate. Okonkwo’s son, Nwoye, converts because of confusion in what his people believe, and Okonkwo changes drastically as a person because of the missionaries’ arrival and actions.