Oedipus The King Gender Roles Essay

1519 Words4 Pages
bulb-icon

Recommended: Women in the odyssey homer inferiority

Oedipus Rex and Gender Switching
Mark Edward M. Gonzales

SOPHOCLES’ CLASSIC TRAGEDY Oedipus Rex (Oedipus the King), the first of his so-called Theban plays, presents to us the timelessly haunting story of Oedipus as he unknowingly fulfills the prophecy that he would murder his own father and marry his own mother. In this analysis, we reimagine the plot given a gender switch—Oedipus conceived as a female, and Jocasta conceived as Laius (and the other way around).

Feminist Criticism of Oedipus Rex

Before proceeding to the gender switch per se, it is important to understand (1) the role of women in ancient Greek society and (2) its repercussion to the two eminent female characters in the play: Jocasta and the Sphinx.

The role of women in ancient …show more content…

This irony can be interpreted in the context of the subconscious. Consciously, she tries to convince herself that the oracle is false or, “more correctly,” the one who delivered the oracle is mistaken. Subconsciously, however, she is aware of the impending doom and desperately tries to subvert the forces of fate. In the end, such hubris—the belief that a female could make choices, the delusional belief that a mere female, even if she is the queen dowager (or a mere queen dowager), could escape the decrees of destiny—only accentuates her powerlessness. On the other hand, the Sphinx devours men who cannot answer the riddle and plagues the land of Thebes. Hence, her hubris is the false sense of superiority she holds—the false belief that the female sex could dominate the male …show more content…

The relationship between Oedipus and Jocasta is not clear-cut; it is a rather extremely complex one. First of all, Jocasta is offered as a prize for the person who can answer the riddle and eliminate the Sphinx. Moreover, the queen dowager seems to know that Oedipus is her son (interestingly, Jocasta’s sparse lines in the play accentuate the concurrent thickening of the plot and the “transition” of her knowledge of Oedipus’ true identity from subconscious to conscious). Nevertheless, she demonstrates both romantic (she and Oedipus have two sons, Eteocles and Polynices, and two daughters, Antigone and Ismene) and maternal love (she desperately tries to shield Oedipus from the pain and damnation that will result from the revelation of the

Show More
Related

  • Free Essays: Oedipus Rex and Antigone

    908 Words  | 2 Pages

    The authority which Oedipus and Jocasta defy is the same. Both the king and his mother defy the authority of the gods by trying to evade their edict. The edict states that a son would be born to Jocasta who would marry his mother and kill his father, as Oedipus says, “How mating with my mother I must spawn a progeny...having been my father's murderer.” (OEDIPUS, Oedipus, 44). When Jocasta hears of this, she attempts to kill the baby Oedipus, thus trying to escape the prophesy. Similarly, when Oedipus, as an unmarried adult, hears that he would kill his father, he runs away from his home town, Corinth, never to return. Oedipus and Jocasta both defy the gods' authority, which in this case comes in the form of running away from a menacing prophesy. In the end, however, Jocasta dies and Oedipus is overthrown and ruined.

    Read More

  • Women's Roles in Epic of Gilgamesh, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and The Canterbury Tales

    1479 Words  | 3 Pages

    Over the course of time, the roles of men and women have changed dramatically. As women have increasingly gained more social recognition, they have also earned more significant roles in society. This change is clearly reflected in many works of literature, one of the most representative of which is Plautus's 191 B.C. drama Pseudolus, in which we meet the prostitute Phoenicium. Although the motivation behind nearly every action in the play, she is glimpsed only briefly, never speaks directly, and earns little respect from the male characters surrounding her, a situation that roughly parallels a woman's role in Roman society of that period. Women of the time, in other words, were to be seen and not heard. Their sole purpose was to please or to benefit men. As time passed, though, women earned more responsibility, allowing them to become stronger and hold more influence. The women who inspired Lope de Vega's early seventeenth-century drama Fuente Ovejuna, for instance, rose up against not only the male officials of their tiny village, but the cruel (male) dictator busy oppressing so much of Spain as a whole. The roles women play in literature have evolved correspondingly, and, by comparing The Epic of Gilgamesh, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, and The Wife of Bath's Prologue, we can see that fictional women have just as increasingly as their real-word counterparts used gender differences as weapons against men.

    Read More

  • Oedipus The King: A Visual Analysis

    633 Words  | 2 Pages

    In the tragic play of Oedipus, the prideful king, Oedipus, who demolished the curse of the Sphinx is now the king of Thebes due to their previous king, Laius, being killed by his own son. Furthermore, Oedipus married the queen the queen of Thebes (Jocasta) and has four children. The tragic unfolding starts to begin as the town of Thebes is under another plague and the only way it can be broken is by finding Laius’ killer. Oedipus, being prideful, accuses his wife’s brother, Creon as the unrighteous killer. As the story unfolds slowly, Oedipus finds out that he himself was the killer of his own father and married his mother. Because of this news, Jocasta hangs herself because she cannot bare to live with the shameful embarrassment. In addition,

    Read More

  • The Intention of Oedipus in Oedipus the King

    1161 Words  | 3 Pages

    Continuing on his way, Oedipus found Thebes plagued by the Sphinx, who put a riddle to all passersby and destroyed those who could not answer. Oedipus solved the riddle, and the Sphinx killed herself. In reward, he received the throne of Thebes and the hand of the widowed queen, his mother, Jocasta. They had four children: Eteocles, Polyneices, Antigone, and Ismene. Later, when the truth became known, Jocasta committed suicide, and Oedipus, after blinding himself, went into exile, leaving his brother-in-law Creon as regent. The central theme in this work is that one cannot control his/her fate, whether the intentions are good or bad. Oedipus, the main character in this play is motivated to find the truth, and his intentions are good. The motivation is always followed by the intentions, just as the truth is followed by goodness. There are three critical parts to Oedipus's motivation. There is the prophecy, the realization, and the revelation. They will be discussed consecutively.

    Read More

  • Antigone Vs. Jocasta

    824 Words  | 2 Pages

    Women of any society always have had a different role to play than that of men. Psychologically, a woman is to find a mate in order to bring healthy offspring into the world. Conservative thinking tells women to cook, clean, take care of the family, and to perform other miscellaneous domestic chores. Yet, Sophocles also defines the place of a woman in his tragedies: Oedipus the King and Antigone. Women were respected as very powerful and dignified individuals, but at the same time were forbidden to meddle with the affairs of men as they, figuratively, were to stand behind men at all times. The mother and daughter combination of Jocasta, the typical Greek aristocrat, and Antigone, a strong-willed woman who defies her sex role, opposing each other in almost every aspect, clearly portrays the different lives of women at the time of these Greek tragedies.

    Read More

  • Free Essays - Jocasta is Not to Blame in Oedipus the King (Oedipus Rex)

    471 Words  | 1 Pages

    Many could argue that Jocasta is responsible for the downfall that Oedipus encounters due to an unsuccessful attempt to have Oedipus murdered as an infant. It could be said that she therefore deserves our criticism for her actions in the play although we cannot over look the choices the Oedipus makes himself. Oedipus chose to leave Corinth when told the news of the terrible prophecy that had been foretold about him. It was this choice that led Oedipus to kill what he thought to be a wanderer on a foreign road. In leaving Corinth he fulfilled the prophecy to kill his father. It was Oedipus' choice that accounts him responsible for the criticism he eventually endures, not Jocasta.

    Read More

  • Ignorance is Not Bliss in William Shakespeare´s Hamlet and Sophocles

    1442 Words  | 3 Pages

    Jocasta’s blindness to the truth ruins her relationship with Oedipus unlike Gertrude’s blindness which merely taints her relationship with Hamlet. Primarily, as Oedipus comes closer to discovering the truth, Jocasta begs him to stop searching. She pleads with him yelling “No! In God’s name – if you want to live, this/ must not go on. Have I not suffered enough?/... I know I am right. I’m warning you for your own good.” (Sophocles 55). It is clear that Jocasta knows the truth and all along yet she refuses to tell Oedipus .She tries very hard to ignore the fact that Oedipus is her son because she knows once he discovers the truth, he will not even be able to look her in the eyes. It terrifies Jocasta to know that once Oedipus realizes that she is aware of the truth all along he will loathe her. Nothing hurts her more than knowing that the one she loves despises her. Jocasta can evade these unfortunate events if she did not ignore the obvious truth before her. Moreover, Jocasta desperately hopes that Oedipus dies before he u...

    Read More

  • Oedipus the King: Pride and Determination

    532 Words  | 2 Pages

    Oedipus’ personality clearly reflects pride and determination throughout the play. When Oedipus heard the oracles’ prediction that he was to kill his father and marry his mother, he was determined to prevent the prophecy. Therefore he left his homeland of Corinth never to return. Then when he solved the Sphinx’s riddle, Oedipus’ pride rose to a new level. He was praised by the people of Thebes, resulting in his marriage to Jocasta, Queen of Thebes. Oedipus also shows his determination when in search of Laius’ murderer. He stated that he would avenge the King’s death as if Laius were his own father. He cursed the murderer, announcing “May he drag out an evil death-in-life in misery.” These characteristics of pride and determination, which Oedipus emanates throughout the play, may appear to be positive attributes to one’s personality. However, Oedipus’ actions, based on these characteristics, are what led him to his eventual downfall and suffrage.

    Read More

  • Gender Roles in Medea by Euripides

    1283 Words  | 3 Pages

    Centuries of traditions has enabled men and women to define gender roles in society. Although some critics declare gender roles do not exist today, others believe they do. In society, men and women are defined by gender roles throughout their activities and emotions. A doctor is typically portrayed by a male while women rear the children and cook for the men. However, although still in existence, today these roles are less obvious but tend to have similar meaning when compared to the past. In ancient Greece, women suffered great hardships. Currently, females work, vote, and run for office. In comparison to ancient Greece, these activities are a phenomenal leap from being under the direct supervision of a male husband.

    Read More

  • Theme Of Guilt In Oedipus The King

    997 Words  | 2 Pages

    In attempting to leave Corinth and prevent the prophecy to the best of his abilities Oedipus alleviates some of the guilt that he could carry. Oedipus’s true defense is his ignorance in not knowing that “Polybus was no kin. . .in blood” (1016), believing that he was doing the right thing to prevent the prophecy and leave Corinth, he hurt himself and unfortunately put into motion the elements needed for the prophecy to come true. One may also be tempted to blame Jocasta for her role in the prophecy coming true, however that is also unfair. Firstly it is important to remember that women had little to no power in ancient Greece, even if they were queens. It is a fair assumption to make that Jocasta had no choice in the matter of marrying Oedipus when he came to Thebes, he was the new king so she would marry him to maintain her power. In considering Jocasta’s innocence it is also important to remember that she did try to kill Oedipus as a baby, which, while morally is a grey zone, shows that she should not be held solely responsible for the prophecy coming true. Jocasta’s innocence could be

    Read More

  • The Role of Women in Oedipus Rex

    2000 Words  | 4 Pages

    For centuries women have fought to obtain basic civil rights and today, they are still fighting to obtain equal rights. From the right to vote to their right to birth control, women have always been trying to assert their own independence in order to expand their freedom. While much progress has been made, there is still room for improvement. However, the evolution of women’s rights and the role of women is mirrored in literature and can be used to illustrate the progression throughout history. Sophocles’ Oedipus Rex is no different. Through the character Jocasta, Sophocles creates a counterpart to Oedipus and uses her to reveal the oppression of women by contrasting her and Oedipus’ relationships and reactions to the prophecy. Throughout the play Oedipus Rex, Sophocles illustrates Jocasta’s vulnerability and supportive nature in order to women as fragile, doting, and obedient wives and mothers to facilitate the necessity of self-assertion.

    Read More

  • Common Themes Of Sight And Blindness In Oedipus The King

    1051 Words  | 3 Pages

    Oedipus and Jocasta both share a bondage of love and partnership that soon gets taken away because of Oedipus’s blindness to Jocasta’s warning. Jocasta warns Oedipus to let his past be and not to keep digging for he may get more than he bargained for. When Oedipus ignores this and continues, he soon finds out about his past, killing his father and soon realizing that Jocasta is his mother as well as his lover. When she finds out that Oedipus knows his past, she commits suicide because of her sinful acts of incest. This is another prime act of blindness that has resulted in a death. Oedipus continues to ignore the advice from his elders and because of that he is responsible for both his parents death at his hand. Though he may not be physically blind, his ignorance has caused his actions to have a negative out come. Oedipus’s goal is to not be blinded by his ignorance and to actually “see” the importance and relevance of every situation rather than on

    Read More

  • Characteristics Of Jocasta In Oedipus The King

    1003 Words  | 3 Pages

    Oedipus the King is a drama full of incest, pride, and the wrath of the gods. It is a story that has been read and performed for centuries, and the compelling characters written by the dramatist, Sophocles, have a lot to do with that. One of those dynamic characters is Jocasta, Queen of Thebes, wife and mother to the play’s protagonist, King Oedipus of Thebes. She is persuasive, level-headed, protective of her family, and exemplifies the confident nobility of a royal woman; Jocasta has many layers to her personality, and her purpose is to be the common ground and voice of reason during hardships in her family.

    Read More

  • Jocasta as the Victim of Oedipus the King

    1028 Words  | 3 Pages

    It seems that Jocasta suffers many tragedies, possibly more than Oedipus himself. Using our definition of a tragic hero, Jocasta’s fearful deed is that of giving up her son to death. That turns out to be her downfall and destroys her. However, she does not fit the criteria as a tragic hero. Jocasta did not do a good deed turning her into a hero. She goes through many tragedies, but this only categorizes her as a victim of tragedy. While Oedipus is still the “tragic hero,” he is no longer the main victim in the play.

    Read More

  • The Portrayal of Gender Issues in Lysistrata by Aristophanes

    858 Words  | 2 Pages

    ...ale counterparts are uncharacteristic of the stereotypical role that women served and their masculine-like actions are not representative of a woman’s role in ancient Greece. Aristophanes’ Lysistrata is inconceivable and it appears that the author ignored many issues in light of comedic attributes. However, the play, filled with misogynistic undertones, will remain a war-comic. There is no pro-feminist movement occurring within the confines of the play or in classical Greece. The female protagonist is an example of the dangers of role reversal that Katherine French and Allyson Poska highlight in Women and Gender in the Western Past and the false identification or hope that Lysistrata presents. A play noted for its entertainment value should not be used as a source for women’s history. Lysistrata is theatrically entertaining in value and should remain as such.

    Read More

More about Oedipus The King Gender Roles Essay

Open Document