Primary activities: Supply of natural gas: NiSource is one of the biggest natural gas distribution companies in the USA. Company is not responsible for the production of natural gas, but rather purchases fossil fuel at the source and transmits supply thru its pipelines to industries and local costumers. Natural gas can be transported to distribution facilities in two ways: underground gas pipelines or shipped by the sea in LNG tankers. In nature during the extraction, natural gas exists as a gas, which needs to be captured by special pipeline system designed for gathering processes. Captured gas contains water and other impurities that have to be removed in production well. In order to be transported, it needs to be cooled and transformed into liquid, which increases transportation efficiency to processing units and improves transportation cost ratio. Regasification is the process when "wet", liquid natural gas is processed and changed to pipeline quality natural gas. Natural gas needs to be turned back to gas in order to be useful for residential and commercial customers. This process needs to be monitored and measured for quality and content of natural gas due to the risk of pipeline rupture and safety. "Natural gas entering the system that is not within certain specific gravities, pressures, Btu content range, or water content level will cause operational problems, pipeline deterioration, or even cause pipeline rupture."1 Natural gas transported to distributors is called "dry" gas due to the physical state. Transportation: NiSource is responsible for transportation of natural gas to the storage facility and distribution to end customers. In order for efficient transportation of natural gas, company use wide diameter pipeline c... ... middle of paper ... ...ns and material necessary that need to be consumed during the business processes. The biggest part of this activity is contract and orders related to natural gas supply, purchase and modernization of pipelines, and machinery required for maintain good condition of pipelines. Company needs to predict when and what amount of natural gas needs to be transferred to meet consumer demand. Another important task of procurement is purchase of compressors required for steady flow of natural gas to end customers and the maintenance equipment required to ensure high efficiency and dependable. It is required for the company to properly plan all supply orders to lower variable costs and increase profits. Each activity level requires supply of specific materials unique for the processes and operations, which shows that procurement is present in every single stage of value chain.
This segment consists of the three natural gas pipelines: Panhandle Eastern, Trunkline, and Sea Robin, natural gas storage assets, and the Trunkline LNG terminal. The three pipelines have a total length of approximately 10,000 miles and transport 5.5 Bcf/d of natural gas. The Panhandle Eastern pipeline transports natural gas from the Rocky Mountains and Midcontinent supply areas to...
"EIA Energy Kids - Natural Gas." U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA). Web. 15 Oct. 2011. .
Hydraulic fracturing, commonly referred to as fracking, is a widespread practice in the United States. Fracking is a method used to extract oil and natural gas. Scientists and citizens report detrimental side effects of hydraulic drilling. New York and Vermont have banned fracking statewide. Maryland has set a two year moratorium on fracking, so that more research can be done to show the impacts of fracking on the environment. Nationwide, many other cities and counties have banned fracking as well. All states should look into finding alternative sources of energy, instead of using devastating practices like fracking to extract non-renewable resources.
Fuel prices is an area of concern for the motor carrier industry. Fuel prices are at an all-time high, driving the industry to make drastic changes. Individuals in the industry believe that by reducing the demand for fuel is the best way to address the current fuel issue. One of the leading alternatives to this fuel issue could be natural gas.
After the purchasing on materials is made, then it turns to operation part which is transforming the raw material into finished food and services.
The production and distribution of natural gas is considered as very important factor in petroleum economics. Over millions of homes and industries serviced through an approximate of 800,000 mile pipeline network, dependent on gas for heating and vital services (Rothfarb, 1969). The natural gas transportation systems include a set of supply fields where natural gas is produced. A Natural gas is transmitted fro...
Fracking is a highly controversial practice that utilizes the injection of water, chemicals and abrasives to extract relatively inaccessible pockets of natural resources. Although fracking has the potential to benefit the economy, it may also pose a significant impact on the environment, the ecosystem and safety.
From the 1970s to the 1990s, pipelines became far more versatile than before. More pipelines were being used to transport natural gas, such as carbon dioxide for oil recovery and other natural gas liquids for a growing heating industry. Pipelines were being constructed to gather oil and gases more than a mile beneath the bottom of the
Gas grills are ideal for year-round cooking and the perfect option when you crave the smoky flavor of outdoor grilling. A great grill serves as the focal point for well-planned backyard parties and impromptu family barbecues, and the best will last for many years. We have searched near and far to bring you five of the best grills available today - check out all the features and pick the one that you can’t grill without! Char-Broil® Classic 4-Burner Gas Grill 40,000 BTU This Classic Char-Broil® grill has a stainless steel lid and and handle and control panel for stylish good looks and functionality.
Hydraulic fracturing, or “fracking” is a process in which natural gas and oil are extracted from shale rock layers deep within the earth by creating fractures below the earth’s surface. This is done by injecting a mixture of water, sand and chemicals at high pressure into wells. There are a number of environmental concerns related to hydraulic fracturing. One concern is the amount of water it takes to extract these resources – it could involve up to 5.9 billions gallons of water per day. In order for these fracking sites to get all that water 200 trucks are needed in order for this to happen. In drought prone areas of the country, this could create additional strain on the environment. The areas that are most prone to drought are areas like Texas, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Virginia, and Kentucky along with other states surrounding them. Droughts take place all over the United States but most severely in the south as shown in this map. The dark, dark red are the states that have the most number of drought evens occur per year.
• Pipeline: pipeline transports unrefined petroleum and characteristic gas from oil fields to refineries and afterward to the core of the dial.
Natural gas is an energy source that is not to be taken for granted and must be recognized as a contribution to a cleaner economy.
Purchasing process is the process of buying the right material, at the right quantity, at the right moment, at the right price and from the right supplier ( Heinritz et al, 1986). It can also be defined as the way an organisation behaves towards it suppliers, as suppliers are the pillar of strength for all organisations at large. According to We...
Biomass gasification is a process by which biofuel is produced. It has been used for over 180 years but in the last decades it has been reconsidered as an interesting technique due to the fact that oil supplies are decreasing. As mentioned before, gasification is a thermal process. Heat is added up in order to convert the organic mass to biofuel. The biomass usually undergoes drying, pyrolysis, partial oxidation and reduction. Nowadays the configurations used for gasification are three: fixed bed gasifier, fluidized bed gasifier and entrained bed gasifiers. The simplest configuration is the
Natural gas is a naturally-occurring substance that is found underground in many parts of the world. It is made up of mainly methane, butane, ethane, butane, and other molecules. When the gas is in its natural state in the ground, it is “dirty”; in other words, natural gas from the ground cannot be used immediately as a fuel source when only recently extracted from the earth because it is mixed with other substances like water and CO2. Rather, it must go through a cleaning process in order to be prepped for use as a safe fuel. In order to purify natural gas, energy companies have created extensive facilities with equipment suited to do so.