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Differences between mitosis and meiosis
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Differences between mitosis and meiosis
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In order for ecosystem to continue growing, reproduction has to occur whether it is sexually, asexually, or both. “Reproduction, one of the basic characteristics of all life forms, may be accomplished by two forms of cell division, Mitosis or Meiosis” (Freeman). A cell can occur sexually by the process of Meiosis. The cell must have a stage that is diploid to be able to undergo meiosis. A cell can also occur by the process of Mitosis. Some species in our ecosystem have the ability to reproduce both sexually and asexually at different times in its lifecycle, such as the bread slime mold called Rhizopus.
The two forms of cell division are Mitosis and Meiosis. Mitosis occurs in the somatic (body) cells and is where there is maintenance, growth, repairing of tissues. Most species divide by Meiosis. Meiosis occurs in cells of reproductive cells and produce gamete (sex) cells (Freeman). With Meiosis, different genes located on the chromosomes, are passed down to the offspring from the parents.
Mitosis only takes up around 10% of a cell cycle and 90% is when the cell goes through interphase (Freeman). Interphase is where the cell grows and replicates. Interphase includes the G1 phase, S phase, and the G2 phase. The G1 and G2 phase is the growth phase of organelles. The S phase is where the chromosomes of the cells are replicated.
Mitosis has four phases of cell division. The first phase is called prophase where the cell is diploid. In prophase, chromosome pairs are visible and the centrioles move to opposite poles. The second phase is called metaphase where the cell is diploid. The chromosomes are tightly condensed and align at the metaphase plate. The third phase is called anaphase. The spindle fibers connect the sister chromati...
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No matter what species you are, you must reproduce by Mitosis, Meiosis, or both. Mitosis is an asexual reproduction process while Meiosis is a sexual reproduction process. They both have similar phase events but the major difference between them is the presences of one or two parent cells in the production of daughter cells. Some species are found to perform both kinds of reproduction, such as the bread slime mold Rhizopus. Our ecosystem is continuously growing and expanding due the reproduction of all different species.
Works Cited
Freeman, Scott. Biological Science. 3rd ed. San Francisco : Pearson Benjamin Cummings, 2008. 43-57,68-71,82-92. Print.
"Microbiologically Important Moulds." Studentsguide.in: results in style 1-2. Web. 26 Jul 2010. .
11.2) Asexual reproduction involves a single individual / parent who pass duplicates of all its genes to its offspring without the fusion of gametes. Sexual reproduction involves two parents who give rise to offspring that have unique combination of genes inherited from the two parents.
3 Leicht B. G., McAllister B.F. 2014. Foundations of Biology 1411, 2nd edition. Southlake, TX: Fountainhead Press. Pp 137, 163-168, 177-180,
Each cell contains the same genetic code as the parent cell, it is able to do this because it has copied it’s own chromosomes prior to cell death. division. The. Meiosis consists of two divisions whilst mitosis is followed. in one division; both these processes involve the stages of interphase, prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase.
Sexual reproduction is that the union of male and feminine gametes to create a fertilised egg or zygote. The ensuing offspring inherit one-half their traits from every parent. Consequently, they 're not genetically similar to either parent or siblings, except within the case of identical twins. As theorised by Mendel, adults are diploid, meaning as 2N, having 2 alleles offered to code for one attribute. The gametes should be haploid, signified by N, containing just one allele in order that once 2 haploid gametes mix, they manufacture a traditional diploid individual. The method where haploid sex cells are created from diploid parents is known as meiosis, and it happens solely within the reproductive organs.
Meiosis is a kind of cell division that is the key for sexual reproduction to operate contrary to mitosis, a form of asexual reproduction that serves the purpose of growth, repair, and regeneration of cells. Due to the fact that meiosis produces four non-identical haploid daughter cells, it is of vital importance so to allow variation in a population that provides the foundation for evolution, as it permits a species to adapt to changes in their environment. As I briefly mentioned before, meiosis is separated into two stages – meiosis I and II. These stages are further chara...
In Meiosis I, Prophase I is the starting step in which the parent cell’s chromosomes condense and the nuclear membrane begins to disintegrate. Additionally, two pairs of centrioles are created and move to opposite sides. Crossing over occurs in this step as well. Crossing over is the act of homologous chromosomes trading parts of their chromosomes. This process is to allow genetic diversity within offspring and occurs randomly. The replicated chromosomes in this stage are called tetrads, which are cells with two chromosomes and consequently four sister chromatids. Sister chromatids are two chromatids which, together, make up a chromosome. Following Prophase I is Metaphase I, in which the
... The Web. 4 Feb. 2014. Campbell, Neil A., and Jane B. Reece. Biology.
The differences between the phases of mitosis and meiosis are that in mitosis, it has 1 cell division, duplicates the DNA, occurs in somatic cells, and no crossing over happens. In meiosis, it has 2 cell divisions, reduces the DNA, occurs in gametes or sperm and egg cells, while crossing over happens. They are both similar in which they both create daughter cells, headed by at least one round of DNA replication, and have similar stages for cell division.
a single egg or the fertilization of two eggs. In the case of dizygotic twins,
A male makes one thousand new sperm per second, that is two trillion over a lifetime and they all are one of a kind, very unique. A woman has all her eggs from birth. The process starts out as meiosis, this is where 30,000 genes are then there are forty six chromosomes. Twenty three comes from your mother and twenty three come from your father, they only come together in meiosis in pairs, but they are not the same. Chromosomes make an exact copy of themselves then they condense making an X shape, chromosomes get a partner then embrace. The chromosomes cling close together in big chunks, the cell then divides pulling the pair apart with twenty three chromosomes. The cell alone is incomplete, but holds many promises. Every cell holds di...
middle of paper ... ... World Book Inc, 2000. Davis, Lloyd S. and John T Darby. Penguin Biology. San Diego: Academic Press, Inc., 1990.
Meiosis is a specialized form of nuclear division in which there two successive nuclear divisions (meiosis I and II) without any chromosome replication between them. Each division can be divided into 4 phases similar to those of mitosis (pro-, meta-, ana- and telophase). Meiosis occurs during the formation of gametes in animals.
Once the sperm fuses with the ovum both chromosomes will pair up and begin the first stages of cell division.
Campbell, N. A. & J. B. Reece, 8th eds. (2008). Biology. San Francisco: Pearson Benjamin Cummings.
The microtubule spindles attach to the kinetochores in metaphase II, causing the chromosomes to line up, and at the start of anaphase II, the remaining cohesins at the centromere break down, so that the sister chromatids are able to separate and move to opposite ends of the cell. (Alberts et al., 2008.) They then undergo telophase and cytokinesis to produce four haploid cells. (Lodish et al., 2008.)