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Technological advancements of the industrial revolution
Technological advancements of the industrial revolution
Developments brought about by the industrial revolution
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The factory system was introduced in the 18th century and it was a method of manufacturing, where it was used in large establishments. The factory system had contributed and sparked the market revolution in America in the 19th century. A big reason for this is because with the factory system there was a shift from artisans to factory workers. The people who were left out of the factory system were generally people from the south and some native-born white men who refused to work in this system. The people who benefit from the factory system are factory owners, capitalist, and in a different way women as well. The factory system had harsh working conditions for factory workers. Which made workers respond by going on strikes. The factory system is so deeply engrained with …show more content…
These new technological advances included the spinning jenny for the textile industry. The spinning jenny had the ability to produce textiles using waterpower/steam power. Other technological advances could be the cotton gin to help produce more cotton. Americans would copy such technological advances and bring them to America to be used in their factory. The factory system was a new way of organizing labor because the new machines were often too large to be in a workers home. To maximize efficiency of the new machines many workers were placed into factories to use the machines to create more goods. The market revolution had created home markets. The expansion of home markets was because of better transportation. The forms of transportation were the construction of railroads and canals. This allowed for more transport of manufactured goods to more buyers as well as commodities/raw materials to manufacturers. With more raw material like cotton being produced and transported more easily to the manufacturers, it sparked more growth (especially the textile industry). This is why the factory system was used, because it allowed for more goods to be manufactured. The factory system was where
Most of the factories owners treated their employees unfairly and unequally. They made them work large amounts of hours for underpaid wages. Most of the people, even children, worked 16 hours for 25 cents a day. Their employees had to deal with unsafe machines that sometimes were extremely dangerous. If they got injured, they didn’t have any financial aid or any kind of compensation that helps them to get better.
There were many key elements of the market revolution. During the early nineteenth century, large economic changes known as the market revolution forever changed America.What triggered these massive changes was new innovations in communication and transportation. During the colonial times, technology was not very advanced, there were not any canals, ships were not very fast and all manufactured goods were created by hand. Many farm families in the 1800s were not bound to the marketplace and just made most of what they needed to live on at home. With the lack of canals or other means of transportation, it was almost impossible for many farmers to reach distant cities or waterways to get their goods to market. The serious demand for quick
Since factories started to incorporate machines through industrialization, the required long hours were not needed anymore. The working class wanted to have more freedom away from their jobs. “They also desired more free time to rest, eat their dinners, enjoy conversations and drink beer” (Green 162). Since the rest of America was enjoying freedom, the working class wanted to have a part in it as well. The idea of not being dependent on their wages, was extremely important to the working class at this time. Also with factories mainly supplying unskilled work, skilled workers started to feel degraded in their proud craft. “By the same token, proud American and European craftsmen viewed other forms of unskilled or menial labor as degrading” (Green 107). Although factories allowed their skilled workers to keep their jobs, they expected them to take a pay cut. Also with the pay cut, the skilled workers were forced to give up the skilled work that they took pride in. With workers becoming frustrated with not having freedom and, skilled workers not being treated fairly unions were
Some of these inventions such as the refrigerated railroad cars and the cigarette-rolling machine, formed a basis for new industries and fortunes. As the country expanded and industrialized, increasing emphasis was placed upon mass production and mass distribution. By speeding up production and increased the output of goods, and an industry could lower costs and maximize profits. As a result of mass production, factory owners often found themselves able to produce more goods than the market would absorb, therefore they needed to increase consumer
Railroads opened new areas as settlement and stimulated the mining and manufacture. At the same time, the telegraph appeared. It brought uniform price of the country. Because of these improvements, many people migrated to west. The market revolution and westward expansion heightened the nation’s sectional divisions. The most dynamic feature of the American economy in the beginning of the nineteenth century was the rise of the Cotton Kingdom. But the increasing demand of cotton lead to larger number of slaves. For white people, westward expansion was a chance to get more freedom, but for black people, it means that they would have less freedom and their families will be broken. In the north, Market Revolution turned it to commercial system. Farmers focus on producing crops and livestocks. In some industries, the factory superseded traditional craft production. Both men and women could earn money by taking jobs from factories. Market Revolution changed the time concept of Americans. In cities, time of work and relax is divided clearly. Early New England textile mills largely relied on female and child labor.
Textile mills and factories became an important base for jobs, especially for women. There was also widespread economic growth during this time period (Roark, 260). The market revolution brought about economic growth through new modes of transportation, an abundance of natural resources, factory production, and banking and legal practices. Transportation was a large factor in the market revolution. During the years of 1815 and 1840, there were many forms of improved transportation.
The Industrial Revolution was the major advancement of technology in the late 18th and early 19th century that began in Britain and spread to America. The national and federal government helped the United States grow into a self reliant nation with improvements in transportation, technology, manufacturing and the growth of the population. Americans had an economy based on manual labour, which was replaced by one dominated by industry and the manufacture of machinery. It began with the expansion of the textile industries and the development of iron-making techniques, and trade expansion was enabled by the introduction of canals, improved roads and railways. One of the first to kick off, was the textile industry.
Later there was an inventor who produced the steam engine. This was small but powerful and can be used either on land transportation or in water transportation. With the invention of the steam machine and the invention of the railroads transporting and exchanging goods between cities and even countries were a lot easier and cities and countries received their goods a lot faster. The industrial revolution was an important event that helped shape the western part of the world
A growing population resulted in a greater demand for Great Britain. They were the first to start the Industrial revolution. With their invention of the steam engine transportation of goods and people boomed, railroad, canals, etc. which resulted in a new class system. Before people lived in small communities and their lives revolved around farming, but with the start of the revolution more people and laborers moved to the city which had become urban and industrialized. New banking techniques such as corporations, partnerships, credit, and stocks were invented. Everything used to be made in people’s homes using handmade tools, yet now everything is done in factories using mass production. The three major materials cotton, coal, and iron were the up and coming new products used during the industrial revolution. Cotton was used for the textile industry, coal for steam power, and iron for the new types of transportation. There was also an improvement in living standards for some, but the poor and working people had to deal with bad employment and living conditions. When the laborers moved to the cities clocks and
Economy in the sense of jobs, labor systems, industrialization, and social classes. Why was there a call for such mass production of goods? The need of hundreds of workers, and the inhumane conditions put upon these workers commonly led to their death? Americas movement into a consumer culture pushed for a new way of life. Instead of making things for themselves, they wanted to buy things for themselves. Therefore businesses needed a way to make enough products at a low enough cost so that people could buy them. This therefore led to employers hiring hundreds of workers that got paid very little. By doing so, it provided a way for businesses to produce and provide cheaply. As discussed in the textbook, workers commonly quit due to the awful labor systems that were like a “scene that resembled hell” (Roark, Johnson, Cohen, Stage, Hartmann). The textbook expands on these work conditions, and how the employers may choose to pay their workers less at any given time. It is no wonder that so much of the population was in poverty. The survival of many families depended on contributions from each family member, this is known as the family
The Industrial Revolution in America began to develop in the mid-eighteen hundreds after the Civil War. Prior to this industrial growth the work force was mainly based in agriculture, especially in the South (“Industrial Revolution”). The advancement in machinery and manufacturing on a large scale changed the structure of the work force. Families began to leave the farm and relocate to larger settings to work in the ever-growing industries. One area that saw a major change in the work force was textile manufacturing. Towns in the early nineteen hundreds were established around mills, and workers were subjected to strenuous working conditions. It would take decades before these issues were addressed. Until then, people worked and struggled for a life for themselves and their families. While conditions were harsh in the textile industry, it was the sense of community that sustained life in the mill villages.
The Market Revolution occurred during the first half of the 19th century before the Civil War with the introduction of new cutting-edge innovations. People moved away from producing for themselves on small farms to producing for others with price set by competition. The introduction of new technologies spurred the growth of the modern commercial economy as transportation and communication improved tremendously. Prior to the Market Revolution, transportation of goods was expensive and time-consuming, but with the establishment of national roads, canals, steamboats, and railroads, transportation of goods accelerated and cost lowered. Communication during this time also improved excessively with the telegrams. The addition of telegrams allowed merchants to figure out when to expect their merchandises and how much to sell for. Furthermore, the Market Revolution established new methods of production. The establishment of factories for mass production changed the landscape of how people operated. Bygone the day where people worked from the comfort of their home as individuals were brought...
As mentioned above many products from different industries were discovered and invented which made life easier and cheaper. The factories did not spend fast amount of money on making the products as they were allowed to pay their workers as much as that suited them so it did not cost them much and the innovation of factory machines also helped them produce in big quantities. These products were very demanding which meant that it grew the economy of the making nation, “Britain’s output of coal soared from 5.23 million tons in 1750 to 68.4 million tons a century later” (Strayer, 2012; 835). The industrial revolution did not just grow the economy of industrializing countries it also helped grow the economy of non-industrializing nations. For example, Latin America was one of the non-industrialized nations however its economy grew unexpectedly as they exported demanding raw materials such as rubber, silver, coal and many more resources that were essential for the growth of the industrial revolution (Strayer, 2012; 854). Latin America’s economy depended on the export of these materials and because of their popularity and essentiality it grew the state’s
Advancements in new technology clearly promoted the industrial growth of the United States. The new technologies allowed business owners to reduce labor in the movement of materials from one point to the other. This occurred by using the new technology of railroads and machinery. Business owners used the railroads to transport their finished product and raw materials around the country more efficiently, which enabled businesses to expand. The business owners were now able to use machines for lifting materials from one floor to another and to use conveyer belts to move materials around on an assembly line. The use of machines is evident because the graph in document 5 clearly shows that American industrial and agricultural power sources between 1850 and 1900 changed. This is evident because in 1850, only 13% human power and 35% water and coal power was used, but in 1900 a mere 5% human power and a whopping 73% water and coal power was used. The use of machines more than doubled over the course from 1850-1900, and the human output de...
During the early 20th century the factory system started to flourish, and many managers were rather concerned as to how to organize the workforce. Managers were required to find new ways to maximize both the machinery and the workers, this led to the centralization of both labor and equipment in factories, and division of specialized labor.