Fuel oil Systems;
Marine Engines are mainly designed to run on Low cost fuel such as Diesel Oil or Heavy Fuel Oil which contains high dense particles, waste residue and other contaminants.
These waste materials should not be pumped into the engine directly as they will damage the engine and decrease the efficiency. So, first these materials have to be separated from the fuel oil and then the purified oil can be supplied to the engine for better performance. So, this plays a very important role in the efficient functioning of the ship.
Generally for a cargo ship, the following components are essential to operate a Marine engine running on Heavy fuel oil or Diesel oil.
They are:
1. Storage tank
2. Settling tank
3. Heating Equipment
4. Heavy Fuel Oil Pumps
5. Filters and Centrifugal purification systems
6. Viscosity and flow regulator
7. Temperature and Pressure control systems
8. Supply tanks
9. Fuel injector
First, the loaded fuel is stored in the storage tank which is mostly situated in the Double bottom of the ship’s hull. If the double bottom is not sufficient, then a separate tank may be provided for the storage of the fuel. This fuel is then pumped to a settling tank which will allow the heavier contaminants to settle down and they are drained out. Simultaneously, the fuel is heated to decrease the viscosity and ease the flow through pumps. The fuel oil which is thus free from solid waste and less viscous is then pumped through filters. Then it is processed using centrifuge to get the pure fuel which can now be used to feed into the main engine. The processed fuel is sent through Viscosity and Flow regulator and also Temperature and Pressure control system to attain required pressure, temperature and viscosity for the engi...
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...essel. In case of engine room of a ship, some ships have automatic flooding systems which will prevent the fire from spreading to other compartments provided the machinery components are water resistive so that they can be operated after de-flooding. Also there are mechanisms which cut down the power supply to different auxiliary machinery in the problematic region to prevent electrical shock. It also helps to stop the fire if the fire is caused due to electrical circuit problems.
All these are required to be placed inside the engine room to prevent major emergencies from happening and also to cease the fire if it happens.
The following pictures show the smoke detectors, spray head for sprinkling water, fire pump. CO2 pump and fire extinguishers
Works Cited
http://www.machineryspaces.com/fuel-oil-system.html
http://swoods3201.hubpages.com/hub/shipboard_systems
The key to effective Aircraft Rescue and Firefighting (ARFF) is preparation. A large part of that preparation is the ARFF apparatus, which are the vehicles they use in order to respond swiftly and effectively to crashes of varying magnitudes. Airports are required by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) to keep ARFF apparatus’ in working order as well as to have a certain amount within specific classes in correlation with the size of the airport and the size of aircraft that the airport operates with. A further analysis will identify the specifics of these perimeters as well as some of the various types of ARFF apparatus’ and the support equipment that compliments them in the effort to save lives and extinguish aircraft fires.
After the oil/gas mixture is drawn from the ground, it is then stored into a storage tank and allowed to rest for a while. Then the gas is piped off to a set of distillation columns to clean up the ethane. In order to activate the chemical reaction necessary to separate the ethane, a thermal cracking unit (a sort of long heated tube) i.e. a plug flow reactor is used. After a series of distillations, ethylene exits the tube.
After Diesel’s death, the diesel engine underwent much development and became a very important replacement for the steam piston engine in many applications. Because the diesel engine required heavier, more robust construction than a gasoline engine, it was not widely used in aviation. The diesel engine became widespread in many other applications, however, such as a stationary engines, submarines, ships, and much later, locomotives, trucks, and in modern automobiles. Diesel engines are most often found in applications where a high torque requirements and low RPM requirements exist.
National Research Council. 1989. Using oil pollution dispersants on the sea. Washington, D.C.: National Academy Press.
1. Lorenzo’s parents used the scientific method to solve the situation of lorenzo dying by coming up will solution to his ALD problem and stayed up late every night for years straight just to find a cure for ald and to save their child and all the other kids that suffer from ald and save their lives and many other life that may yet come and suffer from ald
finding new ways to drill for oil and also refine it more efficiently to ensure that
Fire extinguishers are portable fire equipment which plays a vital role in any place since there are under circumstances that fire fighters are not absolutely essential wherein extinguishers are capable to fight the fire.
The internal-combustion engine (I.C.E.) is very important to human life and one of the greatest inventions in history, without it people who travel long distances for work would not be able to get to their jobs; and travel would be almost impossible in bad weather. “Combustion drives the developed world's economy. Transportation is second only to industrial use as the largest consumer of energy in the US and accounts for about 60% of our nations use of petroleum” (Manly).
» Downstream: significant refineries incorporate unrefined petroleum preparing and transport of items to retail outlets.
... temperature of 112 0C also and a pressure 2.5 bar. Cooling water is used to condense the vapor exiting column. Remaining methane and hydrogen are separated in reflux drum where the vapor stream is combined with other gases streams. The overhead of first and second separator are combined to form fuel gas. The liquid stream exiting in the bottoms of the reflux drum is pumped at pressure of 3.3 bar for discharging pressure. The pump stream is separated in two streams. One stream is to feed to tray one of the column and the other one stream is cooled down to 38 0C in heat exchanger. Then, the cooled product stream is sent to storage.
A steam engine is an external combustion that converts heat energy, in the form of steam, into mechanical energy. Steam is generated through combustion of a fuel, i.e. Coal, heating a boiler filled with water, which evaporates to produce steam that expands do drive a piston connected to a flywheel in a rotary motion. The flywheel then transmits energy created to a crankshaft which is used to provide power to machines, such as locomotives, fluid pumps, and machine tools. Waste steam is then expelled from the engine through an exhaust, or can be condensed and repurposed in some steam engine designs (Croft and Tangerman, 1939).
...e against arson is to have effective security. One way to reduce the risk of an arson attack on the home is by installing an intruder alarm system that may help in keeping the potential arsonist away. People can also install fire alarms and extinguishers and store matches, lighters, or any dangerous and flammable liquids away in a safe place. To make it more preventable for arsonists to enter the home, people should close all windows and lock all doors before they go out.
... effective as required, so we used dry powder and foam to cut the oxygen, then the fire got under control so we sprayed the water to cool the fire, unfortunately our water tanks was about to get empty, so we looked for a hydrant to fill them, after that we sprayed all the fire and then we were able to put the fire down, after 2 hours of fighting the fire.
Creating the awareness among the students helps them on the various ways to avoid fires. If possible students are advised to ensure that all the fire alarms and extinguishers are in working conditions at all times. They should also be careful and alert when using any appliance that is likely to cause a fire and avoid using anything that is prohibited in the rooms.
The oil refinery converts crude oil into valuable products and supplies. These products are made and sent to many countries abroad, in which are transported on land or along rivers and canals. Crude oil is then arranged and categorized into segments by fractional distillation. Raw crude oil, or unprocessed crude oil, is not normally beneficial in most industrial applications. Low sulfur crude oil has been valuable as a burner fuel to construct steam for the force of seagoing vessels. The lighter elements have the ability to construct explosive and dangerous vapors in the gas tanks. There are extremely hazardous, and are often used in war ships. The remaining hydrocarbon molecules are filtered from crude oil and used towards lubricants, feedstock, plastics, and fuels.