Name: Sibgha Batool Major: Economics Semester: 4 Subject: Logic and Critical thinking Instructor: Miss Hadiqa Atif Section: A Assignment: 1 Date of submission: February 6, 2018 Question: Explain non-inferential passages and highlight its types. Non-inferential passages: Non-inferential passages include those statements which are not considered as “arguments” but are called “sentences”. They lack the claim of evidence for the sentences written in them. Such statements can be a premise or conclusion but it does not claim that the potential premise is supported by any conclusion or conclusion is supported by any premise as the purpose of premise is to provide the evidence or set forth any reasons in the support of conclusion. So, we can …show more content…
Production is a process of combining materials to produce an output for the consumption. Consumption is purchasing any goods and services and using it. Distribution is the way to distribute total output, income or wealth. In the above paragraph, the topic sentence is stated above and the remaining sentences are just expanding the topic sentence, it lacks any evidence to prove the topic sentence. But expository passages can also be considered as an argument is the aim of the sentences following the topic sentence is not only to expand the topic sentence but also to prove it. In that case the expository sentence will not be considered as a type of non inferential passages. For example: Fruits are beneficial for health. Fruits contain potassium which reduces the chances of a heart attack and reduce the chances of developing kidney stones as well. The nutrients in the fruits also help in maintaining the body system. Those who eat fresh fruits generally have low risk of getting chronic diseases as well. In the above passage, sentences not only expand the topic sentence but also give reasoning to prove it that’s why it is considered as …show more content…
• Explanations: It is the type of non-inferential passages which is defined as a group of statements which explain the causes of an event or explain the event as a whole. Every explanation is composed of two components i.e. explanandum and explanans. Explanandum describes the event or phenomenon. Explanans is a group of sentences or statements which purports to do the explaining. It is sometimes confused with an argument because of indicators such as “because” but it is not because the purpose of explanation is to shed the light on the event not to prove that the event actually occurred or not. For example: Last week a car accident happened right before my eyes between a truck and a car. A lady was driving the car. But the truck driver was coming forward at a very high speed not giving much time to the lady to realize that she is going to be hit by the truck and then the truck driver could not control the speed very well and ended up hitting the car from the back. Both the lady and the truck driver was badly injured and taken to the hospital right
1. Hypothesis - A hypothesis is defined by the Criminal Justice Today textbook as "An explanation that accounts for a set of facts and that can be tested by further investigation. Also, something that is taken to be true for the purpose of argument or investigation" (Schmalleger 73). It is, essentially, a supposition or proposed explanation made on the basis of limited evidence as a starting point for further investigation. In terms of law and criminal justice, The Law Dictionary website defines the term as "A supposition, assumption, or theory; a theory set up by the prosecution, on a criminal trial, or by the defense, as an explanation of the facts in evidence, and a ground for inferring guilt or innocence, as the case may be, or asindicating
evidence, facts and is often the reasons and logic that support the claim. There are a lot
When trying to define critical thinking you might run into some challenges along the way. Critical thinking is a widely used yet vague term that is practiced by different people in a variety of locations throughout the world. Critical thinking is a strong virtue for the majority and the worst enemy for others. Needless to say without critical thinking we would be nowhere close to where we are today pertaining to our technological and social endeavors.
The author Vincent Ruggiero defines critical thinking in his book Beyond Feelings: A Guide to Critical Thinking, as a “search for answers, a quest.” It is the idea that one does not accept claims, ideas, and arguments blindly, but questions and researches these things before making a decision on them. From what I learned in class, critical thinking is the concept of accepting that there are other people and cultures in this world that may have different opinions. It is being able to react rationally to these different opinions.
In order to truly be critical thinkers, we must reach stage six: master thinker. Although it is stated that philosophers are unsure that we as humans are capable of becoming master thinkers, due to our deep social conditioning. I believe that while it may not be possible for the vast majority of humanity to become level six critical thinkers, I do believe it is possible for the fittest of our society to become true critical thinkers.
The transitional phrases lead the reader into the next paragraph by maintaining their attention with concepts from the previous one.
You are a driving thought the neighborhood on your way back home from work, when you reach a stop sign, so you naturally stop, however the car behind you doesn't quite stop and keeps going full speed towards you and inevitably crashes into you, ruining your car as well as setting you back in money not only for the car but from your insurance company as your rate will go up. This is the reality of today's road as many drivers whether new or old have picked up dangerous driving habits.
“Everyone should try to make themselves more empathetic, sympathetic, compassionate, loving, and caring and less indifferent, hostile and prejudice”, (Williams, C. & Arrigo, B., 2008). Ethics of care teaches professionals to cultivate the appropriate feelings and emotions. Today people are brusque, short, rushed and irritated on a daily basis because of time. They should instead take a step back and think of how others would feel or take the conversation and plan the appropriate approach. This is what makes me strive to be a critical thinker through retaining information and beliefs that are generated by skills and to have a habit of intellectual commitment to guide my behavior. Can human beings use reasoned thinking to gain knowledge and understanding about reality? Effective reasoning and critical thinking requires the use of knowledge, skills, and tools necessary for critical reflection as well as analyze and work through ethical dilemmas. Effective reasoning is a form of moral reasoning which will aid me in recognizing moral considerations and cope with conflicts. Reasoning is responsibly conducted thinking that will guide my assessments and rationality in order to attempt a well-supported/well-defined question/answer. Reasoning is absolute and yields clarity. Critical thinking leads to an examined life which is when a human being reflects on their own life and strives to change wrong behaviors. An examined life requires us to maintain a healthy degree of skepticism, keep an open mind, step back to see what is in front of us, and see beyond categories, labels, stereotypes, and other performed ways of sorting. An unexamined life is not worth living if you are closed minded and cannot see beyond people’s face value. ...
Critical thinking is when an individual identifies and evaluates outside sources before making a decision. This is a very important still to learn to become an effective thinker and making educated choices. Critical thinking is fundamental when making choices, from selecting the right answer on multiple choice exams to choosing the right place and time to buy a house. An individual that has learned critical thinking is less expected to make poor choices that could potentially harm him or affect others. In theory this individual could calculate the consequences of his actions. A good critical thinker doesn’t need to memorize huge amounts of information. Instead, he asks questions, is open to alternative solutions, formulates theories,
While the semester is over and the deadline has expired, I thought I would write this to express my true intended thoughts.
Chris had just been promoted as an Executive Assistant for Pat the CEO, Chief Executive Officer, of Faith Community Hospital. Pat had given Chris her very first assignment on her first day of work as an executive assistant and that was to gather information so that Pat can present the issues to the board of directors. Faith Hospital is faced with issues that needed attention and the board of directors must be notified of the issues so that a solution can be remedy to help the hospital stay in business.
Knowledge is generated through critical and creative thinking. Creative thinking is something new or original that is created with value. Critical thinking is a type of thinking that questions assumptions and validates or invalidates a current belief or something that is said to be previously true. Knowledge is created through the culmination of generally accepted assumptions and creativity. How do you separate general assumptions and creativity? These two types of thinking can be easily separated in regards to concrete or realistic ideas compared to abstract or original ideas however to generate new, acceptable knowledge critical and creative thinking must interact together. The questioning of established beliefs with the creation of unorthodox new ideas will expose the most beneficial knowledge for the world.
Critical thinking is a process of applying various skills to analyze information. Critical thinking uses rationality to distinguish between emotion and fact. This paper will discuss the definition of critical thinking, and the skills it takes to think critically. It will also provide an example of critical thinking applied to my current working environment. Finally this paper will discuss the importance and benefits of critical thinking in the decision-making processes.
“An Army leader is any one who by virtue of assumed role or assigned responsibility inspires and influences peoples to accomplish organizational goals. She or He motivates people both inside and outside the chain of command to pursue actions, focus thinking, and shape decisions for the greater good of the organization.1” But for him to do that effectively and efficiently , he has to be prepared, shaped and refined. There are few institutions to prepare such leaders and CGSC is one of those institutions which are mandated, organized and equipped to prepare such leaders. In implementing its mandate, CGSC has programmed ILE common core C 100 to provide foundations for effective leadership development. The lessons covered in this block of instructions are important pillars of leadership development and impact on officers differently depending on the fields/specialties and the level of positions held. This paper therefore attempts to discuss the relevance of critical thinking and problem solving, group decision making, overcoming biases, planning and order production lessons on my future assignment as a logistics staff officer.
We are in the 21st century, but then do we know what is exactly happen in 21st century? What are the skills needed to successfully survive in 21st century? So, we are going to define the term of this essay before we can go through the topic.