This chapter explains the passive solar design techniques both in general context as well as in context of havelis. It also explains the key factors of passive solar design used in havelis of Rajasthan.
4.1 In General Context
In passive solar design, the vertical and horizontal surfaces control the heat transfer; in winters collect and distribute solar heat and dissipate heat in summer. Passive solar techniques utilize solar energy through direct or indirect solar gain to achieve environmental comfort in the building. The key factors in passive solar building design are: site planning and design; thermal mass; solar geometry; ventilation and vegetation.
4.2 In Context of Havelis
4.2.1 Site planning and design
a) Building orientation
In the towns of Rajasthan, the
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Placement of trees should be done considering the openings that admit the most sunshine at the peak time during the hottest time period. As East and West facades receive the most sunlight, trees should be placed in line projecting from the center of the windows on these facades.
c) Texture
At the town level texture can be defined as the varying scale of buildings which provide shade to each other from the harsh climate. However, in case of havelis, texture can be defined as elements like jharookhas, jaalis and chattris providing shade. Even the haveli facades that are finely carved and ornate act as extended surfaces. These surfaces cool down faster than plain surfaces and can be seen in the sun exposed upper stories of the havelis.
A study of Jaisalmer havelis shows plain walls in the lower part of north and south facades and full height, texture walls on east and west facades, which are shaded, almost all day. Textured walls are only 50mm thick while the massive walls are 450mm to 600mm thick (Gupta, 1984, p.64).
4.2.2 Thermal mass
a) Uneven Building
Another difference lies in the position and shape of the tree itself. In Their Eyes, “the gold of the sun”, “t...
Solar energy is energy taken from the light that reaches earth's surface from the sun. There are four different kinds of solar energy, which are active solar systems, passive solar systems, photovoltaic cells and concentrating power systems. An active solar systems is a system that captures solar energy by mechanical means. Common active solar systems are often in buildings or homes. Some examples are roof collectors and water heating. Low Intensity and high variability have limited the use of active solar energy in Canada. A pass...
It is also the result of the belief of the architect that the building should not oppose the environment. By constructing the same material in a more environmentally efficient way, the building is light in appearance but it doesn’t in functionality. The titles of some books on this architect who lead a new Australian domus in the form of a long and narrow, light-weight, roof work, comparable in its sheltering function to the bower of a tree or, in more morphological terms, to the turned up collar of an overcoat that shelters from the wind while subtly opening its front towards the sun , reveal the stubbornly prudent aesthetics of lightness: Leaves of Iron , Touch this Earth Lightly , Feathers of Metal
Solar radiation can change seasonally and in different locations, and can impact thermal performance of vegetated roofs and
The design of projections; be these shelfs providing solar protection on the overlying storey which is based on a calculation of the vertical shadow angle in such a way as to ensure that the sun’s rays can enter the opening in winter but not in summer. More detailed sun control studies that also calculate the effects of solar radiation on indoor lighting conditions and heat gains can be useful for the
Physically, the wall is a 4,500-mile long structure that covers land from the Gobi desert to the mount...
For example, he uses texture, color and organic forms to make the landscape look as real as possible. Most of the shapes are formed by shifts in colors and line because the canvas are two-dimensional. The viewer can observe that the painting is dominated by greys, browns, ochers, and other natural colors such as green and yellow to give the scene a more nature-like look. All the components and objects painted in this piece appear to have the same texture and color as the ones found in real life, such as rocks suggesting a rough hard texture and clouds being soft, which probably means that Vernet took in consideration real landscapes and places he might have seen in real life. While using different shades of grey, and painting dark clouds, Vernet was able to convince that a storm was approaching but he also decided to add source of light coming from the upper left corner by using a golden yellow color to create a sense of warmth, which creates a nice contrast between the light and the coldness from the overall shadows that seem to dominate the artwork, creating variety; however, the repetition of colors such as greys gave the whole piece a sense of unity and they also express the shadows of a stormy day. We
But these contrived differences give rise to esthetic difficulties too. Because inherent differences—those that come from genuinely differing uses—are lacking among the buildings and their settings, the contrivances repre...
...erfect atmosphere to convey speed, efficiency, and technology of the time. This open floor plan not only functions as an efficient visual element but also incorporates the idea of communal work. Customers, store leaders, associates, tech gurus etc. are all free to wander and work together without office walls or boundaries to separate them. The change in the use of light began during the Bauhaus era when lampshades which used to block light and create harsh separations were replaced with broad flood lights evenly spaced to create equal lighting throughout. The use of pure white walls and metal trim also make direct reference to the Bauhaus ideals. Likewise there is an egalitarian principle evoked in the designs. Built to human scale and made clearly for use by people rather than large monumental or overly scaled buildings that often promote power and authority.
During the day the Barcelona Pavilion is completely naturally lit. It captures the light with its’ clear walls surrounding the façade. The overhang from the long roof blocks direct sunlight to soften its intensity. He “was replacing the visual dependence of architecture on effects of light and shadow by playing with reflections” (Kostof p.703). The reflective pools are also a way to play with light.
Preview: Today I will discuss the potential that solar power has to become this country’s main supply of energy and the latest research that can make solar power more efficient and cost effective. I will also present the environmental benefits that come with using solar power over other and more harmful forms of energy.
How Efficient is Solar Energy Technology? Engineering Challenges. n. d. a. d. a. d. d. 8 April 2014. http://www.engineeringchallenges.org/cms/8996/9082.aspx>. How do Nuclear Plants Work?”
This usually entails the manipulation of texture, proportion and the setting pleasant utilization of sunshine with the intention to realize symmetry, harmony and an accurate equilibrium in complete human life. The essential ideas of good design are pure and to an enormous extent innate. When analyzing the universal properties of sunshine, house, colour and supplies, the inside designer appears to be like at the interplay of the natural legal tips that govern them. The precise design of a room works not only on the customarily ignored senses of odor and listening to but additionally on the emotions. Coloration schemes are selected to copy the mood of a room. Understanding how every side of a design contributes to a common look and feel of a room or area constantly takes precise experience and each architects and designers manipulate these to good
The pavilion is significant figure in the history of modern architecture, regarded to be influential with its open plan and use of exotic material. There is a blurred spatial demarcation where the interior becomes an exterior and exterior becomes the interior. The structure constantly offers new perspectives and experiences, as visitors discover and rediscover in the progress of moving throughout the in’s and out’s, a non directional conforming circulating movement pattern. To facilitate this movement, even though it is a visually simplistic plan, its complexity is derived from the strategic layout of walls with its intimation of an infinite freedom of
The architectural monument I am writing on is “Palace of Fatehpur Sikri”, it is in India. It is an ancient monument built by Mughal Emperors. The building mode is the elemental building. There are many different components in this palace. The parti of the palace is “O”. The palace was well planned on the Persian principles. It is composition of many images, it is a palace, tomb, stable, cabin, fort, columns, stairs, towers and arch.