Jimmy Hoffa was a very powerful leader and president of the International Brotherhood of Teamsters, Chauffeurs, Warehouseman, and Helpers of America, whose mysterious disappearance, suspected of being Mafia connected, on July 30, 1975 has never been solved. Hoffa was a major figure in the Supermob, the go-betweens of the upper world and the mafia world. As the Teamster president, Jimmy had two very important voters: his members and the gangsters that helped him move up the ladder to union success. Hoffa served his gangster associates by writing them into Teamster union power and Teamster union pension-fund cash. In his Supermob role, Hoffa did more to expand the affluence of the gangs and knit them into the fabric of American life than any gangster since Al Capone.
When Hoffa lost his role as Teamster president, he also lost his role as the Supermob's biggest and most powerful figure. Of no further use to the mob, Hoffa lived on borrowed time from the moment he left the Pennsylvania prison, where he was sentenced after being convicted of fraud, bribery, and conspiracy. Instead of being a channel for the upper world, Jimmy had become nothing but trouble. He had enough information to destroy every member of the Mafia, and the Mafia knew this.1
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The date was July 30, 1975, and it was the day Jimmy Hoffa disappeared from the face of the earth. By Thursday morning, July 31, the word had spread throughout Detroit that Jimmy had not been home the night before. This was very unusual because Josephine, Jimmy's wife, had a heart problem and Hoffa would never leave her alone. By the time the Thursday evening news was over, the rest of the public also knew that Jimmy was no where to be found. Immediate speculations of a gangland killing quickly began to form.
And then, like a complex animated puzzle the details of all of Jimmy's last known activities started to fit together to form the whole picture.
Josephine was the first piece holder to be questioned for information. She told police Jimmy left their house around 1:00 PM on July 30 headed for the Machus Red Fox restaurant on Telegraph Road. He had told her he was going there to meet with someone. He never told her who he was going to meet. At 2:30 PM Jimmy called and told Josephine that he had been stood up, and he asked if anyone had called for him. No one had called, and that is what she told her husband. S...
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... report seeing Hoffa's body floating in a small lake. Lawrence Haerbert called and told police Hoffa's body could be found in a field just outside of Somerset, Michigan. His report went into great detail. He told authorities Hoffa was shot once in the chest and dumped in the field. Another tip said Hoffa's body was buried in a park. For two hours police tracked an area in the park with no luck. Investigators received thousands of these so called tips from what they called "screwballs." None of these tips ever did anything but waste time.13
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During the duration of 1975, scores of investigators worked overtime in Michigan, New Jersey, Florida, California and New York. They spent huge sums of money trying to bust open the Jimmy Hoffa case. It had become embarrassing to Director Clarence Kelly of the FBI that Hoffa's abductors had not been identified and his disappearance solved. To this day neither Hoffa's body or his abductor's have been found.
James Riddle Hoffa was a beloved and powerful union leader. He had many friends along with powerful enemies. Investigators presume that one, if not several, of his powerful enemies got rid of their power hungary competitors.
Alicia Pereira was the first. In 1972, five-year-old Alicia disappeared after her brother left her alone in a hotel lobby. One minute she was playing around, and the next she was gone. Rand was the prime suspect in this case. Although they never proved Andre killed her, little Alicia was never seen again. There isn't much to his next victim. Her name was Audrey Lyn Nerenberg, and she was 18 years old. Just like Alicia, Audrey was never seen again after the day she went missing in 1977. In 1981, Holly Ann Hughes, a seven-year-old girl did not return home after she went with a friend to get candy from a local store. Andre Rand saw Holly at the store, drove by her in his Volkswagen, pulled her in, and drove off. Holly’s parents filled out a Missing Person’s report. Unfortunately, they never got their daughter back. Why did Rand leave her friend? Who knows why. Tiahease Jackson, in 1983, was 11 years old when she went missing. She did not return home after her mother sent her to get groceries. Tiahease was last seen on August 14th, 1983. This was 12 days after Andre was released from a previous prison sentence. Like Alicia, Audrey, and Holly, Tiahease was never seen again. Henry was his oldest victim, at the age of 22. In 1984, Henry Gafforio disappeared. Some say, Henry was “slow.” Not physically slow, but mentally slow. He was last seen with Rand at a local diner. Now this next
Born on the 27th of October, 1940, to a blue collar family in the South Bronx, John Gotti was the fifth of 13 children born to Fannie and J. Joseph Gotti. The family’s income was less than consistent because of John’s father’s unpredictable work as a day laborer. After moving constantly, the family finally settled in East New York: an area notorious for its youth gang activity (“John Joseph Gotti Jr”, 2014). During his teenage years, Gotti became affiliated with the Gambino family, one of the “Five Families” that control most organized crime in New York (Jenkins). He started out as an errand boy for an underground club, where he met Aniello Dellacroce, who would eventually become his men...
Often, dystopian novels are written by an author to convey a world that doesn’t exist, but criticizes aspects of the present that could lead to this future. Ray Bradbury wrote Fahrenheit 451 in 1951 but discusses issues that have only increased over time. The encompassing issue that leads to the dystopic nature of this novel is censorship of books. The government creates a world in which it is illegal to have any books. Firemen are enforcers of this law by being the ones to burn the books and burn the buildings where the books were found. By censoring the knowledge found in books, the government attempts to rid the society of corruption caused by “the lies” books are filled with in hopes the people will never question. In Fahrenheit 451, censorship is a paradox.
In 1976 Jimmy Carter, a small peanut farmer from Georgia was elected the President of the United Sates. Carter had limited experience in the National Political Arena. He used his inexperience to his advantage and promised to restore honesty and morality to the government. After the corruption that the United States had seen within the previous administrations of Nixon and Ford, Carter was welcomed with open arms. During his presidency Carter was faced with a plethora of domestic and foreign issues. At home, economic problems dominated causing massive unemployment and inflation. Oil shortages also presented a challenge. Domestically, Carter’s policies were a failure, with no success in alleviating the economy or the oil crisis. In the Middle East as series of conflicts between Egypt and Israel resulted in peace talks and with the Presidents’ mediation they were successful. However, Carter was not completely successful abroad. In Iran Carter was ineffective in procuring a quick solution and as a result lost public support. While Carter was successful in dealing with the Israeli-Arab conflict, he was disastrous in his domestic economic policy and his other foreign diplomatic endeavors; ultimately his successes paled in comparison to his failures.
United States Justice, Potter Stewart once said “Censorship reflects on a society’s confidence in itself” Ray Bradbury used this concept when building the story Fahrenheit 451. In Fahrenheit 451, Ray Bradbury addresses the subject of censorship, suggesting that the major problem in society is self censorship. Ray Bradbury brings us one specific type of censorship, rather than censorship from ruling authority, he uses self censorship. This censorship is the cause of the many smaller problems in this society. In Fahrenheit 451 the citizens are censored from many things.
Censorship is defined as the act of taking out unacceptable parts from books, movies, and other content available to the public eye. In Ray Bradbury’s novel, Fahrenheit 451, censorship takes over a major part of the citizen’s lives. In the modernistic era, the story is based upon a lot of television and is censored to the important and educational content we have in the present, such as; books, which open doors to infinite amounts of knowledge.
The Amendment I of the Bill of Rights is often called “the freedom of speech.” It provides a multitude of freedoms: of religion, of speech, of the press, to peacefully assemble, to petition the government. Religious freedom is vitally important to this day because it eliminates the problem of religious conflicts. Historically, many people died for their beliefs because their government only allowed and permitted one religion. T...
In Fahrenheit 451, the government exercised censorship supposedly for the purpose of happiness. Through technology and media, the government was able to eliminate individuality by manipulating the mind of the people into believing the propaganda of what happiness is. The people’s ignorance made them obediently abide that they failed to realize how far technology and the media have taken control of their minds. The free thought of characters such as Montag and Clarisse collided with that of Captain Beatty, who strongly believe in and enforce the censorship, and the firemen, whose role was to burn illegal books; these clashes were Bradbury’s way
... Indiana, where he was the child of John and Viola Hoffa. The Hoffa’s socioeconomic status placed them in the the lower working class. Losing his father at the age of seven, Hoffa’s mother struggled through low paying service jobs throughout her life. Hoffa was working from a young age in the service industry as well. His first experience with labor organizing came when he was a leading member in a strike against Kroger’s grocery in 1932 . He then became a career labor organizer after he was fired from Kroger’s. Although his role was not as great as the other four members of the leadership in organizing the strike, his ability to convince fellow workers to organize was recognized by those around him and he was invited to join the Local 299 of the Teamsters in Detroit. Hoffa was the poster boy for the hardened worker that fought for better treatment in the workplace.
Only one of the prints taken, had a match to a known person- a police officer. In relation to the outsole shoe impression found in the mud, there was never anything officially done with it or a cast made of it which could have played a vital role in finding the perpetrator. There was also severe lack in the forensic archaeological/anthropological standpoint. When looking for the victim and the actual discovery of the body, there were many key steps that were missed. For instance, what search methods were used in locating possible remains? The deceased’s body was located just two miles from the Lindbergh estate, so how is it possible that a search team never came across it? Once the body was found, the skull had a hole in it and some of the body parts were missing (1). While the body was extracted, there was never investigation into the soil from which the body was found, or where the missing remains may have been. The body was later identified as being that of Charles Lindbergh III based on the size and style of the accompanying garments (3). The fact that this was the only confirmation of identification astounds me. Given technology was not as advanced as it is today, I feel as if there should have been some other form of positive ID. In retrospect, a
...covered in the Illinois River. His body had supposedly been lodged somewhere along the river making it difficult to find his body. However, strong winds must have dislodged the corpse and carried it to the locks at Dresden Dam where it was eventually discovered. Autopsy reports on Piest determined that he had suffocated from paper towels being lodged down his throat. The family soon after filed a $85-million suit against Gacy for murder and the Iowa Board of Parole, the Department of Corrections and the Chicago Police Department for negligence.
Many casualties’ happened within the two years between 1982 and 1984. However, when the first body was found in 1982 in the Green River in Kent, the police didn’t have the technology they have today, such as DNA testing which made the case very intricate. This meant identifying bodies that had been in the water for a while had been difficult, and the police were very versatile at this. Also without DNA testing, they could not take samples of the dead victims that showed up all around King County. In early October of 93, the police needed some insight into the mind of a serial killer, which is where Ted Bundy came in to facilitate. Mr. Bundy gave them advice by stating, “that the killer likely knew some of his victims. He also said more victims were probably buried in the dumping areas where victims had been found. Bundy also put a lot of significance into the different areas the bodies had been left, suggesting that each cluster or
Based on the First Amendment, the government may not exercise any activities that interference freedom of speech of an individual. For Americans, freedom of speech is clearly become the most basic freedom. Everyone has always thinks freedom of speech is a basic right that everyone automatically has when they were born; on the other hand, freedom of speech is experiencing serious growing pains.
McDowell, Gary L. “The Explosion and Erosion of Rights.” In Bodenhamer, David J. and Ely, James W. The Bill of Rights in Modern America. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2008. Print.
Now the Bill of Rights protects ten amendments and they are freedom of speech, press and religion. Next is the right to keep and bear arms, then protection from quartering of troops, then the freedom of petition and prohibits unreasonable search and seizure. Next is due process, double jeopardy, self-incrimination, eminent domain, then it is to have the right to have a speedy trial by jury, next is a civil trial by jury. Now the last ones are prohibition of excessive bail and cruel and unusual punishment, protection of rights not specifically enumerated in the Bill of Rights. and finally power to states and people.