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Discrimination Against Women in the Workplace
Unfair treatment at work gender
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For the homework assignment, I did the Sexuality and Gender-Career tests for the Harvard Implicit Project. Both the tests that I took were topics that are extremely prevalent in today’s society. As history has gone on and as women have gained much more freedom and rights, sexuality became more and more open for discussion. Radical feminists were truly the ones to embrace and flaunt their sexualtiy and thus came the beginning of the long road to acceptance. The intersectionality between gender roles and sexuality in society are striking. First, I decided to take the Sexuality test to see, after all of the sociology classes I have been taking, if I was still subconsciously preferencing one sexuality over another. In our society, even though different …show more content…
The significance of this test was to have the person taking the test become aware of the societal bias one is being influenced by. In this case, one is privileged in society when it comes to sexulaity if one is not “different” and is straight. But the problem here is that the difference is not the problem. The “different” have no significance outside the system of privilege and oppression, it is all socially constructed. Society is always reminding us of these social constructions to the point where the “good” and “bad” and “privileged” and “nonprivileged” all becomes second nature to us. I was surprised that even having many friends whom identified as gay, lesbian, bisexual, and even transgender, after that taking the test the data suggested that I have “a slight automatic preference for Straight People compared to Gay People”. At first I was very confused but
The four Implicit Association Tests (IATs) I took were Gender-Science, Gender-Career, Skin Tone, and Sexuality. My results varied heavily from one test to another; only once was I in the category of the majority test-takers from all collected data. Although I believe this is an exercise that could reveal hidden biases, I do not believe it correctly identified mine all of the time. That is not to say that the tests are set up in a horrible fashion or that I do not have hidden bias. However, my test results did not match up to my own thoughts, in part because of a “happy trigger” effect—accidentally pressing a “wrong” key after many words that associated with one category or after the categories were switched.
This version of the Sensation Seeking Score should be considered to be revised in the future. It may be simple, and it is suggested to takers to find the best preference suited for them, but the test is best taken for people who are older with more conservative values. The test is heteronormative in that it assumes a person is straight, and that it is “high risk” to consider becoming friends with a homosexual. For some preferences the situation needs to be elaborated to make sense on what is risky because a simple artist group is not “far
In Brandon Ambrosino’s “I am Gay – but I Wasn't Born This Way”, the author states his reasoning as to why he believes he chose to be gay. Being one of the few who questions the born this way ideology, Ambrosino, along with other LGBTQ activists, are “cast as homophobic, and their thinking is considered backward”(par 10). However, just because an argument like this is popular, it doesn’t necessarily mean it’s true. Even scientific organizations like the American Psychological Association (APA) believes that people have no control over their sexual orientations, however, no findings have been found that determine if sexual orientation is determined from hormones, genetics, or cultural influences(par 21), therefore contradicting the previous claim.
It is very reasonable to conclude that research on depression of those who identify as gay, lesbian or transsexual is not accurate; there is an underreporting of people who identify as these sexual orientations because of the fear of being different. It is understood that those apart of the LGBTQ community actively hide their identity in hopes to avoid being rejected or abused (Bird, 2013). Once the reporting issue of having a smaller percentage of the actual representation of the LGBTQ population is put aside, there is evidence that highly suggests that lesbians and gay men are at higher risk for psychiatric disorders than heterosexuals (Cochran, 2001). Even after underreporting, there is still enough information to conclude that sexual discrimination can have harmful effects on the quality of life. Common factors that have been observed in lesbians and gays that can potentially increase depression during Cochran's study are anxiety and mood disorders and decreased self esteem. Cochran and her partner also noted that dissatisfaction with how one is treated beca...
For my topic I have chosen gender roles. I believe this topic is important to study because, it is often stated or shown in all forms of media that a woman should be the one cooking and cleaning, while a man should be the one working and fixing anything that may be broken. This is something I have heard all my life especially since my culture is patriarchal so my father was always the one working full time, while my mother stayed home cleaning and cooking day by day.
Despite the large collection of literature of sexuality that has been accumulating, human asexuality has been largely ignored. Asexuality is controversially considered to be a sexual orientation and people who identify as asexual are people who typically do not experience sexual attraction (Asexuality Visibility and Education Network, 2013). Though research on sex and sexual orientations has been done for centuries, the first real suggestion that there might be people who fall outside of the heterosexual – homosexual orientation spectrum came from Kinsey and colleagues in 1948. These individuals were put into a separate category and were identified as having no erotic response to hetero- or homosexual stimuli, but otherwise they were largely ignored by the researchers (Kinsey, 1953). Later, researchers linked asexuality with negative traits and pathologies, including depression and lower self-esteem (Masters, Johnson, & Kolodny, 1986; Nuius, 1983). An issue with these studies, however, is that the researchers defined asexuality in a way that most current asexuals do not agree with. For example, in a study done by Bell and Weinberg (1978), there were references made to asexual homosexuals who simply hid their homosexuality. Many asexuals, otherwise known as Aces, would struggle with this definition because homosexuality implies a type of sexual attraction: attraction to your same sex. Because Aces typically do not feel sexual attraction to anyone or anything, they should not be classified under the same label as a closeted homosexual. Another issue is that none of these studies actually focused on asexuality. Instead, they were added on the side and generally ignored.
Gender and Sexuality in Sociological Research Gender and sexuality have been contested across fields for a long time now. Sociology has focused on gender and space, but not in conjunction, especially related to queer students. In addition to this, there is no generally accepted definition of queer, and it varies both between the disciplines as well as within them. However, it troubles “essentialist notions” of identity in lieu of a spectrum (Levy & Johnson, 2012). For the purpose of our paper, we chose to group together categories of sexual identity and gender identity into the all-encompassing category of ‘queer.’
In today’s society we as humans are aware and accepting of more identities than we ever have been before. Civil rights movements all over the world are advocating for everything from marriage equality, to laws protecting gender-queer people. However, it isn’t perfect. Just as there will always be racists and homophobes, there will always be people who say gender identity is a choice. Well, a study done earlier this year proves those people wrong.
For many individuals, sexual and gender identity is a highly controversial topic to discuss. Those who have inconsistency with their internal or mental sense of gender compared to their physical gender is now described as a psychological disorder and is found amongst adults and adolescents. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders gender dysphoria also known as gender identity disorder refers to the stresses that accompany with the variances between one’s physical gender they were assigned at birth and one’s expressed or emotional gender (5th ed.; DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Gender dysphoria can be contributed to many different stressors determined by ones social interactions. Throughout the years the diagnosis of gender dysphoria has evolved due to the progression of medicine and new treatment discoveries to help limit further mental issues that come with sexual identity disorders.
Gender has been around throughout history; however, within recent years, gender has separated itself from the traditional view of sex, e.i., male or female, and has become centered on ones masculinity or femininity. Of course gender is more than just ones masculinity or femininity, gender has become a way for one to describe, he or she, in a way in which they are different from everyone else. Gender has turned into a sense of identity, a way for one to feel different and fulfilled among all of those around them. Of course gender’s sense of freedom would seem outside of structure and only affected by one’s own agency, however, structure is a key component in establishing gender. We can look into both ethnic Mexican’s culture practices regarding sexuality, children songs and games, and see that cultural traditions still heavily influence gender, creating what is masculine and what is feminine and what is the role of each gender, as well as challenging the notions that gender is solely based on agency.
Throughout Western civilization, culturally hegemonic views on gender and sexuality have upheld a rigid and monolithic societal structure, resulting in the marginalization and dehumanization of millions of individuals who differ from the expected norm. Whether they are ridiculed as freaks, persecuted as blasphemers, or discriminated as sub-human, these individuals have been historically treated as invisible and pushed into vulnerable positions, resulting in cycles of poverty and oppression that remain prevalent even in modern times. Today, while many of these individuals are not publicly displayed as freaks or persecuted under Western law, women, queer, and intersexed persons within our society still nonetheless find themselves under constant
This survey took place at Lenox Square Mall in Atlanta, Ga. First, I asked the basic questions of their age, sex, level of education and their ethnicity. These were asked due to statistic purposes. The age groups consisted of 15-21, 25-33, 46-61 and 70+. The sex would either be male or female, yet I did run into a transgender. Education levels were either high school or college, with one exception to a dropout. Most of the ethnicities were black or white with a few foreign exceptions. Next, I would ask each question expecting a yes or no as an answer. For question number one, the question was “Are you currently in a relationship?” Out of the five people I asked, three of the five said yes. Two were of younger age, 15 and 21, and the other was fifty years old. The 21 and 50 year old both had a college education. As far as race and sex goes, there were two whites, female and male, and one Hispanic male. Question number two consisted of “Do you believe in love?” Majority of the people I asked said no. It was a coincidence that the people, who said no, were all females. Two of them were black and one was white. The two black females have a college education while the white female was a high school dropout. The two males that said yes were of the ages 20 and 59, the 20 year old was of Asian decent and the other male was a Hispanic. “Do you believe in lust?” was the third question. Out of the same five people,
In order to discuss the biology of gender identity and sexual orientation, it is necessary to first examine the differences between multiple definitions that are often mistakenly interchanged: sex, gender, sexual orientation, and gender identity. Sexual orientation is defined by LeVay (2011) as “the trait that predisposes us to experience sexual attraction to people of the same sex as ourselves, to persons of the other sex, or to both sexes” (p. 1). The typical categories of sexual orientation are homosexual, heterosexual and bisexual. Vrangalova and Savin-Williams (2012) found that most people identify as heterosexual, but there are also groups of people that identify as mostly heterosexual and mostly gay within the three traditional categories (p. 89). This is to say that there are not three concrete groups, but sexual orientation is a continuum and one can even fluctuate on it over time. LeVay (2011) also defines gender as “the ...
Gender also operates at an institutional level, which can be just as influential as the process of socialisation within the home. Inevitably, every individual will somehow be shaped by the institutions that they find themselves involved within, for example education and the workplace. Acker (1990 p146) provides a useful definition of the gendering of organisations. She explains how a gendered organisation or institution means that ‘advantage and disadvantage, exploitation and control, action and emotion, meaning and identity’ are all patterned in terms of distinguishing between male and female, as well as masculine and feminine. Interactionist approaches focus on the forces which operate external to the individuals. Interactionists argue people’s
Gender and sexuality can be comprehended through social science. Social science is “the study of human society and of individual relationships in and to society” (free dictionary, 2009). The study of social science deals with different aspects of society such as politics, economics, and the social aspects of society. Gender identity is closely interlinked with social science as it is based on an identity of an individual in the society. Sexuality is “the condition of being characterized and distinguished by sex” (free dictionary, 2009). There are different gender identities such as male, female, gay, lesbian, transgender, and bisexual that exists all around the world. There is inequality in gender identities and dominance of a male regardless of which sexuality they fall under. The males are superior over the females and gays superior over the lesbians, however it different depending on the place and circumstances. This paper will look at the gender roles and stereotypes, social policy, and homosexuality from a modern and a traditional society perspective. The three different areas will be compared by the two different societies to understand how much changes has occurred and whether or not anything has really changed. In general a traditional society is more conservative where as a modern society is fundamentally liberal. This is to say that a traditional society lists certain roles depending on the gender and there are stereotypes that are connected with the genders. One must obey the one that is dominant and make decisions. On the other hand, a modern society is lenient, It accepts the individual’s identity and sexuality. There is no inequality and everyone in the society is to be seen as individuals not a part of a family unit...