The construction of a building or buildings is a complex process which includes numerous parties and various different activities. Large projects need the cooperation of many organizations including clients, architects, engineers, financiers, builders and subcontractors while even small projects are beyond the extent of a single organization to complete in isolation. The domain knowledge of involved parties are different and effective completion of the project requires intense cooperation during design, manufacture and maintenance/management of the system.
The data models that are used are also large, complex, and highly inter-dependent. It includes architectural drawings, engineering schematics for structural, electrical, HVAC and mechanical
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Interoperability is the ability of making systems and organizations work together (inter-operate). HIMMS (2013) describes the interoperability as; “the extent to which systems and devices can exchange data, and interpret that shared data. For two systems to be interoperable, they must be able to exchange data and subsequently present that data such that it can be understood by a user.” While the term was initially defined for information technology or systems engineering services to allow for information exchange, a wider definition considers social, political, and organizational factors that impact system to system …show more content…
Beyond the ability of exchanging information, semantic interoperability has the ability to automatically interpret the information exchanged meaningfully and accurately in order to produce useful results as defined by the end users. Semantic interoperability is necessary to enable machine computable logic, inferencing, knowledge discovery, and information alliance between data frameworks. Semantic interoperability is a crucial element to make building information models understandable and model data sharable across multiple design disciplines and heterogeneous computer systems. Therefore, semantic interoperability is not only concerned with the packaging of data (syntax), but the simultaneous transmission of the meaning with the data (semantics). The simultaneous transmission of data is accomplished by adding data about the data and connecting each data element to a controlled, shared vocabulary. By transferring the meaning of the data with data itself, it becomes a self-describing information package which is independent from any information system. The establishment and capability of machine interpretation, inferencing and logic are achieved by this shared vocabulary and its related connections to an
As the United States economy struggles through a sluggish time with the stock market dropping and unemployment rising, being competitive in the job market has become extremely important among professionals. Engineers are no exception. For most engineering firms, being competitive and successful requires obtaining design projects offered by companies in other fields. These projects can range from designing heating and ventilation systems for office buildings to water systems for cities to computer networks for businesses—the list of possibilities and disciplines is extensive. To get these jobs, engineers must make a bid proposal for the project. Bidding involves estimating the entire cost of the project, including the designing and building processes, as well as the materials and labor. Usually, the company with the lowest bid and the best plan gets the job. The ethical issue in this process is determining the cheapest building materials and construction procedures possible without compromising public safety.
The first part has a list of outdated software, legacy system. They are commonly referred to by their names such as MAS, SQL, Adhoc and other slight variations. What makes our project complex is that the systems are not operating on the same level. Some keep only our transactions and the other systems contain financial data that is booked for record. To transform all that into one system requires understanding the design of the legacy systems. Unfortunately, some of the design is not intuitive but after going through iterations of mathematical formula, you can validate some of the data. The second part called “proposed” has a list of the newer software that can be a one stop place for all data. When the project ends, the sections in the table above will be available in
Wong, K., & Fan, Q. (2013). Building information modelling (BIM) for sustainable building design. Facilities, 31(3), 138-157.
Stage 3 involves creating an Architectural Model version of the whole system including sub systems. A Viewpoint Hierarchy shows a skeleton version of the system which can be ins...
The paper presents a detailed discussion on implementation of BIM in a construction project by defining a BIM team in the various phases of construction i.e. from conception to commissioning. Also, the paper presents a brief discussion on processing the information utilizing the i-rooms.
1. Johnson, J. A., H. Gitlow, S. Widener, and E. Popovich. "Designing New Housing At The University Of Miami: A "Six Sigma"DMADV/DFSS Case Study." Quality Engineering 18.3 (2006): 299-323. Print.
Efficiency in teamwork is complex and does not always come with ease, a lot of work and group problem solving is essential to any good team. Many people think tasks are quite simple from the exterior but when looking closely at a task it is apparent that there are many details that go into the success of a surgery, flying a plane, designing a building, etc. Nobody can do it alone, together, it takes time and effort to make quick decisions and communicate to get the job done correctly. It is hard, and does not always work out. When constructing a building, there is a large process that involves calculations, designs, adjustments to clients needs, planning, and then building to code and hoping the whole thing doesn't come crashing down. To create
Pikas, E. (2013). Building information modeling dcation for construction engineeng and managemet. ii; procedures and implementaion case stdy. Journal of Construction Engineering and Management, 139(11), 04013016-1 - 04013014-11.
Physicians, administrators, staff, and patients who are affiliated within the healthcare organization should understand the importance of interoperability by coming together to ease ...
Digital fabrication is coming into the construction industry to create precisely crafted and complex buildings in response to the new competitive environment and construction market demands. Thanks to advanced technology, the good revolution can be seen in most industrial activities. Almost all of the industry sectors are trying to keep themselves up to date with new related innovation to boost their sustainable growth. However, unfortunately architects and construction engineers have been more conservative despite all of the massive global investment in the construction sector. This conservative trend was started many years after great prosperity and success in the other industries. As an example, in comparison with the more developed automotive industry, the construction industry has been weighing the pros and cons of doing automation, and it is still under development. Despite some limitations and lack of information over the 80’s and even 90’s, but the current status indicates good progress. Today, most of architectural design is no longer possible without computer technologies. The models have become more complex and require advanced tools to understand design codes and implement fabrication processes. It can be said, that the advanced automated tools with a user-friendly programming system can bring incredible solutions for architects and construction engineers. Many researchers have made significant studies to consider all possibilities and limitations of digital design-construction in various types of procedures.
One of the common designing techniques using in Architecture is parametric design. The term of parametric Design “is a methodology of using advanced visualization technology and mathematical algorithms to optimize structure and material form to advance resource efficiency and innovative solutions within the area of built environment” . However, the boundary line between Parametric design and the current computer-aided drafting or modelling approach is not very clear (Monedero, 2000) . However, it provides a precise formulation instead of complex relation between elements and subsystems. According to Schumacher 2008, there are three significant agendas could be beneficial to consider through this process. Firstly, move from single system differentiation to the scripted association of mutable subsystems. Secondly, the complex configuration. The third agenda is to allow the architecture environment to reconfigure and adapt itself in r...
In general, there are different types of procurement type for various situations due to no one method can be suitable under the all different construction project. In this case, there are four procurement paths, which are traditional, design and build, management and design and manage, will be advised to use. However, each method has different aspects of advantages and disadvantages.
As an architect it is important to understand that creating a building is not only a reflection on the skills we have on creating a building but the understanding of an individual and the work of creating a house that is unique to that person or their family. Thus, is needed the quality of good communication skills. Not only do architects work with other contractors and construction workers but they work with individuals, they should have a close relationship to the client so that the client’s needs are
Engineers set up all building codes based on accurate calculations that are based on theories and actual observations known as seismic assessment. . There are two different types of seismic performance assessments, experimental assessment and numerical assessment. Experimental assessments are very expensive since engineers need to build a scaled m...
There are many different ways to define an architecture as they can take many forms, including logical views, scenarios (or sequence diagrams), physical views and deployment views. Each view provides a specific type of information within the diagram and is directed to a certain audience, including Web architects, data architects, application architects and end users.