Chemistry is study of matter and change and humans are surrounded by chemistry and its parts. Chemistry has been conventionally broken down into five main parts which are: Organic Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry, and Biochemistry. This research paper will predominantly focus on Organic Chemistry and the importance associated with it in some aspects of the modern life of humanity.
By definition, organic chemistry is the study of chemical compounds containing carbon bonded with another substance. In simpler words, organic chemistry is a sub-area of chemistry that considers the study of the molecules of life. The compounds that it focuses on are mainly composed of several atoms which are: carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, halogens, and a few miscellaneous others. Organic chemistry studies the structure, behaviour and properties of the compounds that are built by the abovementioned atoms. In modern life, plants are a great resource as plants produce organic compounds for the benefits of its surroundings. Plants go through a number of processes in order to grow. Many types of synthetic and metabolic activities by plants result into the production of variety of organic compounds. Few types of the compounds such as, carbohydrates and proteins are essential to all kinds of plant and these are elaborated by all species of autotrophic plants. Some other types of organic compounds are many few specific plants but not all types. It is moderately easy to categorize all of the organic compounds produced by plants, into a few, well-defined groups, which will be based on the similarity of the chemical composition and the properties of the compounds. The groups are known, correspondingly, as the carbohyd...
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...c substances in the body. Complete medical efficiency will only be achieved when the science of organic chemistry is understood.
Works Cited
Definition of organic chemistry in English:. (n.d.). organic chemistry: definition of organic chemistry in Oxford dictionary (British & World English). Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/organic-chemistry
Different Types of Chemistry. (n.d.). Types of Chemistry. Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.uwlax.edu/chemistry/html/types.htm
The Chemistry of Plant Life. (n.d.). The Project Gutenberg. Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.gutenberg.org/files/33394/33394-h/33394-h.htm
The Importance of Organic Chemistry in Medicine. (n.d.). The Importance of Organic Chemistry in Medicine. Retrieved February 15, 2014, from http://www.cbv.ns.ca/bec/science/lynnmcm.htm
Chemists are the specialists in chemistry, that interact with chemical properties, and reactions. The earth is made up of different gases. Some of this gases are needed for life in the planet but other gases can be harmful to the living. Gas’s use in regular quantities are favorable to the earth. The world started to become more advance and had to use more of this gases to produce everyday objects and inventions by men. Little did we knew this chemicals we going to affect us in our life. Chemist Jose Mario Molina actually discovered that chlorofluorocarbons were affecting the ozone layer.
This paper discusses pharmacology and terminology related to “Pharmacology” which is the branch of medicine concerned with the uses, effects, and modes of action of drugs“ pharmacology. 2015. In Merriam-Webster.com. The study of different classes of drugs, routes of absorption, and drugs have effects on those consuming them. There are drugs that are necessary for illnesses and healing but, there are medicines that cause concern regarding interaction and harming the body.
middle of paper ... ... The Web. 22 Feb. 2014. http://www.chemheritage.org/discover/online-resources/chemistry-in-history>.
Lieberman M, Marks A, Smith C. (2007). Marks’ essentials of medical biochemistry a clinical approach. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Pp 316-317.
Organic refers to the way agricultural products, food and fiber, are grown and processed. “It is an ecological system that at its core relies on a healthy rich soil to produce strong plants that resist pests and diseases. Organic farming prohibits the use of toxic and persistent chemicals in favor of more “earth-friendly” practices that work in harmony with nature. In the case of livestock, antibiotics are prohibited, opting instead for preventative measures for keeping animals healthy and productive. Organic production also prohibits the use of genetically modified organisms (GMO’s).” (Ameriorganic) To find organic products one must only look for the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) seal. The seal certifies the product must be 95%
Where does organic food come from and what does organic mean. Many definitions can be found defining the term organic food. All definitions of the term organic include the production and certification process. According to the article Definition of Organic Food, “Organic foods are defined as those that are produced without the use of chemicals, including pesticides and fertilizers commonly used in cultivation and drugs, such as antibiotics and hormones given to commercial livestock” (Inc., 2008-2012). The organic system rejects all forms of synthetic...
This chemistry book report is focus on a book called “Napoleon's buttons: How 17 molecules changed history” by Penny Le Couteur and Jay Burreson. The publisher of this book is Tarcher Putnam, the book was published in Canada on 2003 with 17 chapters (hey the number match the title of the book!) and a total of 378 pages. The genre of this book is nonfiction. “Napoleon's Buttons” contain a fascinating story of seventeen groups of molecules that have greatly changed the course of history and continuing affect the world we live in today. It also reveal the astonishing chemical connection among some unrelated events, for example: Chemistry caused New Amsterdamers to be renamed New Yorkers and one little accident of detonating cotton apron in a minor housekeeping mishap lead to the development of modern explosives and the founding of the movie industry.
Knowing the specifics about organic foods will help a person determine whether they would prefer to eat organically or non-organically. The term ‘organic’ is a label that indicates that the food has been produced through the appropriate approval methods (“Organic Standards”). There are certain requirements that must be met by the USDA-accredited certifying agent. This certifying agent approves these requirements before the food can be labeled as an organic food. Organic operations must protect natural resources, save biodiversity, and use only the approved substances.
Plant defences are those mechanisms employed by plants in response to herbivory and parasitism. According to Hanley et al. (2007), “the tissues of virtually all terrestrial, freshwater, and marine plants have qualities that to some degree reduce herbivory, including low nitrogen concentration, low moisture content, toxins or digestibility-reducing compounds”. The type of chemical defence may be species specific (Scott 2008). The defences that plants possess may be in the form of chemical production or in the form of physical defences such as thorns or spikes and even through reinforced, rigid leaves. “The compounds that are produced in response to herbivory can either have a direct effect on the attacker itself (e.g. toxins or digestibility reducers), or serve as indirect defenses by attracting the natural enemies of the herbivores” (Bezemer & van Dam 2005). This essay will focus on chemical plant defences and in particular the effects of terpenes, phenolics, nitrogen-based defences as well as allelopathy in plants.
Organic foods are those grown without the use of growth hormones, antibiotics, synthetic pesticides, or chemical fertilizers. Genetically modifying crops is also not preformed in organic farming. Soil fertility can be maintained using crop rotation, cultivation practices, and cover crops. Natural fertilizers and pesticides are still considered to be included in organic farming (Winter & Davis, 2006). Products that are controlled with cultivation conditions rather than chemical-synthetic pesticides include organic products (Woese, Lange, Boess & Werner Bogl, 1999). The use of synthetic pesticides and materials falls under conventional farming. If the materials are on the National List of Allowed and Prohibited Substances, it can, however, be considered organic. A process that chemically changes a substance extracted from naturally occurring sources is considered a synthetic material (Winter & Davis, 2006).
Brief History Jöns Jacob Berzelius, a physician by trade, first coined the term "organic chemistry" in 1807 for the study of compounds derived from biological sources. Up through the early 19th century, naturalists and scientists observed critical differences between compounds that were derived from living things and those that were not. Chemists of the period noted that there seemed to be an essential yet inexplicable difference between the properties of the two different types of compounds. The vital force theory (sometimes called "vitalism") was therefore proposed (and widely accepted) as a way to explain these differences. Vitalism proposed that there was a something called a "vital force" which existed within organic material but did not exist in any inorganic materials. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Friedrich Wöhler is widely regarded as a pioneer in organic chemistry as a result of his synthesizing of the biological compound urea (a component of urine in many animals) utilizing what is now called "the Wöhler synthesis." Wöhler mixed silver or lead cyanate with ammonium nitrate; this was supposed to yield ammonium cyanate as a result of an exchange reaction, according to Berzelius's dualism theory. Wöhler, however, discovered that the end product of this reaction is not ammonium cyanate (NH4OCN), an inorganic salt, but urea ((NH2)2CO), a biological compound. (Furthermore, heating ammonium cyanate turns it into urea.) Faced with this result, Berzelius had to concede that (NH2)2CO and NH4OCN were isomers. Until this discovery in the year 1828, it was widely believed by chemists that organic substances could only be formed under the influence of the "vital force" in the bodies of animals and plants. Wöhler's synthesis dramatically proved that view to be false. Organic chemistry focuses on carbon and following movement of the electrons in carbon chains and rings, and also how electrons are shared with other carbon atoms and heteroatoms. Organic chemistry is primarily concerned with the properties of covalent bonds and non-metallic elements, though ions and metals do play critical roles in some reactions. The applications of organic chemistry are myriad, and include all sorts of plastics, dyes, flavorings, scents, detergents, explosives, fuels and many, many other products. Read the ingredient list for almost any kind of food that you eat — or even your shampoo bottle — and you will see the handiwork of organic chemists listed there. {text:bookmark-start} {text:bookmark-end} Major Advances in the Field of Organic Chemistry Of course no description of a text should be without at least a mention of Antoine Laurent Lavoisier.
New York: Cambridge, 1990. Read on, John. From Alchemy to Chemistry: A Process of Ideas & Personalities. London: G. Bell, 1957. Roberts, Gareth. A.
Organic chemistry is the study of carbon and its compounds (Alcin). Carbon is less than one percent of all matter.Carbon is part of every living thing (Gangson). Carbon makes up eighteen percent of all the matter in living things. (Alcin). The average human body has about 16 kilograms of carbon in some form of this element. Carbon is a part of DNA and proteins. (Robertson).
The definition of organic is when food/animals are grown without the use of fertilizers or
What is the term of “Organic?” The term “organic” refers to the way farming foods are developed and prepared by farmers. Actually, organic foods are produced by farmers who use the conservation of soil and water to enhance environmental quality for future organic foods. Thus, organic foods have become increasingly these days because it helps people’ health benefits and gives people higher quality of foods. Some people do not want to buy organic foods because they feel organic foods are too expensive or simply are not aware that organic foods exist. However, according to many research studies, organic food is defined as healthy food. First of all, organic produces contain fewer pesticide residues. Secondly, natural produces are fresher than