Introduction:
1.1 Overview
Prefabrication plays an important role in the modern world construction of every building today, it refers to the making of parts in an offsite workshop or factory prior to the installation at the site. “The primary purpose of prefabrication is to produce building components in an efficient work environment with accesses to specialized skills and equipment in order to reduce cost and time expenditures on the site while enhancing quality and consistency” (Anderson and Anderson 2007). It is clear that most new construction will have to use more and more prefabrication. From primary structures to small architectural ornaments, prefabrication has become a major part of building construction. Although prefabrication is
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For decades, they have invested a lot of money in education to develop its people in fields that would make its transition to an industrial nation much easier. As a result, labor costs have risen exponentially. So, they are now facing a rising labor cost and a lack of both skilled and un-skilled workers. Many developers and contractors in those countries also see this problem and respond by using more prefabrication; this attracts many investors from all over the world to invest more in the prefabricated construction business in some of them. Currently, there are several house developers there that use prefabrication for their projects. In the near future, prefabrication is expected to play a major role in developing countries construction, especially, in the houses construction like in many European countries and the United States.
1.2 OBJECTIVE
The intention of this research is to identify prefabricated house construction products or methods which can be used for modern and developing countries. There are a lot of strong potential prefabricated construction products and methods in developed countries that can be very useful in developing ones.
The main Objects of this research
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Creative and highly sophisticated state-of-the-art architectural projects call for the engagement of the most specialized talent and highest form of technological achievement
We often focus on the many different materials and products needed to make that special architectural structure. We tend to undermine and dilute the cost and time it takes to be able to follow through and complete such a task. However, the most important thing when
For over twenty years the Iraqi-born, English educated architect Zaha Hadid has symbolized the vanguard of contemporary architecture. She has pushed back the boundaries of built form to forge a highly individualist architectonic language that is at once thrillingly dynamic and intensely thoughtful, and as a result now has an enormous following of students, practitioners and builders. Most people recognize her hand through the striking drawings and paintings that represent her work, but the beauty of her illustrations tend to obscure the fact that she is an architect who builds, due to their unorthodox nature.
Sorkin, Michael., Mildred S. Friedman, Frank O. Gehry, Frank O.Gehry Associates. Gehry Talks: architecture + Process. New York: Universe Publishing: Distributed to the U.S trade by St. Martin’s Press, 2002.
Through the mentioned examples, from Étienne Boullée to Bernard Tschumi, and more specifically through Mies van der Rohe’s Core House, it was demonstrated that theoretical projects can be very relevant to architecture. These projects can be as important as any built work for their intrinsic qualities and capacity to express their epoch. Yet, their relevance is increased when they fulfil their greater potential to become agents of change, stimulating progress and giving birth to evolution.
In order to create innovative public architecture, considered to be the most civic, costly, time intensive and physical of the arts, the project holds a degree of risk, strife, and negotiation . Overcoming these tasks and creating worthy public architecture is a challenge designers try to accomplish, but are rarely successful. The people involved in a potential public building, can be larger than the building itself. Public architecture tries to please all, even the doubters and critics, but because of the all these factors, a building is closer to failing than succeeding.
Bachmann, H., & Steinle, A. (2011). Precast concrete structures / Hubert Bachmann, Alfred Steinle. Berlin: Ernst & Sohn, c2011.
Meijenfeldt, E. V., and Geluk, M. 2003. Below ground level: creating new spaces for contemporary architecture. Birkhauser
There are 25 major specialties in engineering that are recognized by professional societies. In any one of those 25 specialties, the goal of the engineer is the same. The goal is to be able to come up with a cost effective design that aids people in the tasks they face each day. Whether it be the coffee machine in the morning or the roads and highways we travel, or even the cars we travel in, it was all an idea that started with an engineer. Someone engineered each idea to make it the best solution to a problem. Even though engineer’s goals are similar, there are many different things that engineers do within their selected field of engineering. This paper will focus on the architectural field of engineering.
Last year, I was involved in designing a roof for a proposed Tate Modern extension in a project sponsored by architecture firm Ove Arup. For this, I gained a Crest 'Gold' Award but more importantly the opportunity to investigate something from a technical point of view, thus branching away from my mainly unscientific subject base.
Times have changed since days of Vitruvius, the inevitable advancement in technology, rapid global population increase and an ever developing awareness of the sustainability of our environment have forced the architect into different positions in the project team Thus it can be said that the external forces that shape the environment that an architect works in does so by manipulating the relationship between the skills required to practice; the scope of expertise and the depth of knowledge. Fig. 3 indicates a diagrammatic timeline representing the changing roles of the architect over the various time periods with respect to the scope and depth of
“Architects plan, design, and observe construction of facilities used for human occupancy and of other structures” (The Top 100: The Fastest-Growing Careers for the 21st Century, Fifth Edition 27). In 2010, 2 percent of U.S employment, about 2.3 million people, possessed jobs in architecture and engineering. The majority of architects tend to be civil architects, with about 249,120 workers, followed by mechanical and industrial engineers (Bureau of Labor Statistics 2). Architects have to design buildings that satisfy their clients and protect the health, safety, and welfare of the public. Architects need to take aspects into consideration such as climate, soil, state building regulations, zoning laws, fire r...
Sustainable buildings are becoming somewhat of a necessity in the world today. As the demand for green building develops, so does the demand for green building materials. Just as the old techniques and building materials seem to disappear in the assembly of things, they are now making a come back. Green building focuses on the efficiency of major resources like water and energy. As the cost for sustainable materials and products are on the decline, building green seems to be the most cost effective kind of design and construction. Looking specifically at green materials and their impact on the production of structures, it is evident that they are a prime choice for building material. The use of green materials should be promoted because they are better for the environment, more healthful for the consumer, and better for the economy.
Buildings consume a variety of materials in their construction. Green design reduces the dependence on resource intensive products and materials. Today, there are an increasing number of products available made from efficient, earth-friendly, or recycled materials. In a green building, consideration is also given to the construction process itself. Materials that minimize waste or can be recycled, help contribute to an efficient and environmentally sensitive construction process.
Automation of building process is the right mean to improve the average productivity of the construction industry, moreover in case of big and very complex project. In addition the manufacturing of uniform high quality product can be pursued.