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Gender inequality 20th century
Analysis on gender inequality
Analysis on gender inequality
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Ignorance Brings Death
In the late 19th century both American and European encountered gender inequality; the males being higher up the hierarchical. During the time period it was exceedingly inappropriate for an unmarried woman to socialize with the opposite gender without the presence of a chaperon. In the novel, “Daisy Miller”, Daisy continuously contravenes these simple European social requirements. It was quite apparent that Daisy Miller death was brought upon herself because she refused to go by European social standards and neglected the warnings.
Despite many of the mistakes Daisy Miller conducted, critics deemed Daisy to still be innocent. These critics assert that Daisy's own death was conceived due to the environmental factors and the American culture she grew up in. That the reason “she was very unsophisticated [was because] she was only a pretty American flirt” (James 6). This, however, is erroneous. The young woman, Daisy Miller, brought forth her own death all because she refused to fit into the European society and in fact even her own American society. In both European and American societies females were expected to protect their virtue. This meant avoiding interaction amongst men and staying late out into the night. However, Daisy fails to follow these simple society guidelines from both
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She understood her society’s rules but simply overlooked them. Instead she gave into her selfish desires. The case was not that she was naive or innocent, but arrogant. What truly made Daisy ill was her arrogance of not complying with the European social standards and insisting going on a late night stroll to the Colosseum. Daisy's “fate was her carelessness of [her] manners of restraint” (Ohmann 7). If she had only obliged with warnings of those around her and have not gone on a late night stroll or associate herself with foreign men, she would have never been infected with malaria and met her
The story of Daisy Miller, by Henry James, is told by a male narrator. This male figure serves to reveal the deep seated stasis in much social interaction which existed in the Nineteenth Century.
Similarly, Henry James’ “Daisy Miller,” is a rich, young, American girl from New York, traveling around Europe with her mother and younger brother. Daisy is a complex combination of traits. She is feisty, independent, and well intentioned, yet she is also petty, ignorant, and unsophisticated. Daisy is also an irritating flirt. She has no public elegance or informal gifts, such as appeal, humor, and a talent for banter. Also she is primarily interested only in influencing men and making herself the hub of interest. Throughout the story, Winterbourne, the love interest of Daisy, is fixated over the issue of whether Daisy is naive, but her behavior by no means reveals whether she is or isn’t. Winterbourne accepts that Daisy is crude but wonders whether she is innocent. Frequently, Daisy seems less than innocent since Winterbourne did catch her with another man late at night at the Coliseum, which results in her death from malaria. Overall, it is the way in which Daisy embodies all the different forms of innocence that results in her demise.
Daisy is trapped in a patriarchal society that is almost completely dominated by men. Women have always been held to a lower standard. Most women at that time couldn’t even vote for the majority of Daisy’s lifetime. I woke up out of the ether after delivering a baby with an utterly abandoned feeling and asked the nurse right away if it was a boy or a girl. She told me it was a girl, and so I turned my head away and wept. 'All right,' I said, 'I'm glad it's a girl. And I hope she'll be a fool--that's the best thing a girl can be in this world, a beautiful little fool.” Daisy is trapped in a patriarchal society that is almost completely dominated by men. Women have always been held to a lower standard. Most women at that time couldn’t even vote for the majority of Daisy’s lifetime. One of the easiest ways to improve a situation by a woman in her day was to put a ring on a wealthy man, this of course is in Daisy’s time and still prevalent in these current times.
How society perceives a person is often dictated by their gender. Mrs. Sommers, an 1890’s housewife shrouded by her husband’s name, is often seen as nothing more than a little, insignificant, poor woman. Unlike her male counterparts, she, like many women in this era, is believed to be weak, passive, and familial while men are to be strong, dominant, and independent. Men often attempted to control their wives, and even fashion was constricting in that time period, with corsets tightly clinging to their chests, and crinolines caging their lower bodies. Mrs. Sommers faced this same oppression, especially when she took on her husband’s name and gave birth to children, giving up her own desires and her own self. “The neighbors sometimes talked
During the Victorian Era, society had idealized expectations that all members of their culture were supposedly striving to accomplish. These conditions were partially a result of the development of middle class practices during the “industrial revolution… [which moved] men outside the home… [into] the harsh business and industrial world, [while] women were left in the relatively unvarying and sheltered environments of their homes” (Brannon 161). This division of genders created the ‘Doctrine of Two Spheres’ where men were active in the public Sphere of Influence, and women were limited to the domestic private Sphere of Influence. Both genders endured considerable pressure to conform to the idealized status of becoming either a masculine ‘English Gentleman’ or a feminine ‘True Woman’. The characteristics required women to be “passive, dependent, pure, refined, and delicate; [while] men were active, independent, coarse …strong [and intelligent]” (Brannon 162). Many children's novels utilized these gendere...
Society continually places restrictive standards on the female gender not only fifty years ago, but in today’s society as well. While many women have overcome many unfair prejudices and oppressions in the last fifty or so years, late nineteenth and early twentieth century women were forced to deal with a less understanding culture. In its various formulations, patriarchy posits men's traits and/or intentions as the cause of women's oppression. This way of thinking diverts attention from theorizing the social relations that place women in a disadvantageous position in every sphere of life and channels it towards men as the cause of women's oppression (Gimenez). Different people had many ways of voicing their opinions concerning gender inequalities amound women, including expressing their voices and opinions through their literature. By writing stories such as Daisy Miller and The Yellow Wallpaper, Charlotte Perkins Gilman and Henry James let readers understand and develop their own ideas on such a serious topic that took a major toll in American History. In this essay, I am going to compare Gilman’s “The Yellow Wallpaper” to James’ “Daisy Miller” as portraits of American women in peril and also the men that had a great influence.
James’ descriptions of Daisy Miller presents a character that is unsophisticated, naïve, and rash, yet innocent and beautiful. The moment Winterbourne lays eyes on Daisy he immediately realizes that she is a beautiful woman when he thinks to himself that he “had not seen for a long time anything prettier than his fair countrywoman’s various features” (James 424). As he converses with Daisy he gets a grasp on her mannerisms, which are very untraditional in the ancient setting of Europe. As Winterbourne states to his Aunt Costello, “She is completely uncultivated, but she is wonderfully pretty and, in short, she is very nice” (James 430). The more Winterbourne gets to know Daisy, the more he realizes just how truly lawless she is which could be considered to have been foreshadowed when Daisy said earlier in the story, “I have always had a great deal of gentlemen’s society” (James 426). Daisy’s rebellious character is repeatedly met with oppression to be more cultivated and lady like. However, even as people of the European society tell Daisy that her actions are “not the custom here” (James 446), she resists their accusations and clearly shows her unwill...
In the 19th Century, women had different roles and treated differently compared to today’s women in American society. In the past, men expected women to carry out the duties of a homemaker, which consisted of cleaning and cooking. In earlier years, men did not allow women to have opinions or carry on a job outside of the household. As today’s societies, women leave the house to carry on jobs that allow them to speak their minds and carry on roles that men carried out in earlier years. In the 19th Century, men stereotyped women to be insignificant, not think with their minds about issues outside of the kitchen or home. In the play Trifles, written by Susan Glaspell, the writer portrays how women in earlier years have no rights and men treat women like dirt. Trifles is based on real life events of a murder that Susan Glaspell covered during her work as a newspaper reporter in Des Moines and the play is based off of Susan Glaspell’s earlier writing, “A Jury of Her Peers”. The play is about a wife of a farmer that appears to be cold and filled with silence. After many years of the husband treating the wife terrible, the farmer’s wife snaps and murders her husband. In addition, the play portrays how men and women may stick together in same sex roles in certain situations. The men in the play are busy looking for evidence of proof to show Mrs. Wright murdered her husband. As for the women in the play, they stick together by hiding evidence to prove Mrs. Wright murdered her husband. Although men felt they were smarter than women in the earlier days, the play describes how women are expected of too much in their roles, which could cause a woman to emotionally snap, but leads to women banding together to prove that women can be...
"I couldn’t forgive him or like him, but I saw that what he had done was, to him, entirely justified. It was all very careless and confused. They were careless people, Tom and Daisy—they smashed up things and creatures and then retreated back into their money or their vast carelessness, or whatever it was that kept them together, and let other people clean up the mess they had made.” (188).
In the nineteenth century the inequality of women was more than profound throughout society. Margaret Fuller and Fanny Fern both women of the century were much farther advanced in education and opinion than most women of the time. Fuller and Fern both harbored opinions and used their writing as a weapon against the conditions that were considered the norm in society for women. Margaret and Fuller were both influential in breaking the silence of women and criticizing the harsh confinement and burden of marriage to a nineteenth century man. Taking into consideration Woman in he Nineteenth Century by Fuller, Aunt Hetty on Matrimony, and The Working-Girls of New York by Fern, the reader can clearly identify the different tones and choice of content, but their purposes are moving towards the same cause. Regardless of their differences in writing, both Fern and Fuller wrote passionately in order to make an impact for their conviction, which was all too similar.
While Daisy’s responsibility in her family is very small and separated, Ma’s responsibilities are very vital to her family. In The Great Gatsby, Daisy didn’t have any real responsibilities. Her basic role in life was to play the “happy trophy wife” for Tom. She is almost a possession of his, like a new car. A perfect example of Daisy’s role in her family is when she is first introduced, “The only completely stationary object in the room was an enormous couch on which two young women were buoyed up…The other girl, Daisy, made an attempt to rise – she leaned slightly forward with a conscientious expression – then she laughed,” (Fitzgerald, 2008). In this scene, Daisy and Miss Baker are laying on the couch just looking beautiful, like objects on a shelf might. Fitzgerald even demonstrates their weak femininity by showing that Daisy isn’t quite strong enough to sit up on her own. Daisy’s actions in this scene display her reliance on her husband. Her job in the family is to look pretty and to pretend not to notice Tom’s infidelity. Daisy has no respo...
Daisy Miller may be uneducated, as Winterbourne and his aunt describe her, but she is witty." One illustration of her humor takes place at Mrs. Walker"s party when Winterbourne is criticizing her for her relations with Giovanelli." He says they don"t "understand that sort of thing here"not in young married women."Daisy cries, "I thought they understood nothing else!" and goes on to say, "It seems to me more proper in young unmarried than in old married ones."Daisy typically speaks and behaves frankly, almost in a child-like fashion, but this shows, as the narrator describes it, a "startling worldly knowledge" (1587)." Daisy is somewhat rustic but smart." She has a "natural elegance" and a mixture of" "innocence and crudity," and yet, as seen in her response, her character proves to go beyond the boundaries of this character type of the natural beauty (1564 and 1574).
The industrialization of the nineteenth century was a tremendous social change in which Britain initially took the lead on. This meant for the middle class a new opening for change which has been continuing on for generations. Sex and gender roles have become one of the main focuses for many people in this Victorian period. Sarah Stickney Ellis was a writer who argued that it was the religious duty of women to improve society. Ellis felt domestic duties were not the only duties women should be focusing on and thus wrote a book entitled “The Women of England.” The primary document of Sarah Stickney Ellis’s “The Women of England” examines how a change in attitude is greatly needed for the way women were perceived during the nineteenth century. Today women have the freedom to have an education, and make their own career choice. She discusses a range of topics to help her female readers to cultivate their “highest attributes” as pillars of family life#. While looking at Sarah Stickney Ellis as a writer and by also looking at women of the nineteenth century, we will be able to understand the duties of women throughout this century. Throughout this paper I will discuss the duties which Ellis refers to and why she wanted a great change.
“In the case of gender, public and private (…) are bound up with the meanings of masculinity and femininity” (Warner, 24), during the time period of “Mrs. Dalloway” it was extremely difficult for any of the members of society to express their private thoughts of fear or anything that separated themselves from their gender-specific roles. Men were stereotypically political and physically strong while in contrast, women were delicate and domestic. Each gender had their place in the social conventions and it was very difficult to depart from them. This is demonstrated when Clarissa is unable to associate with her husband on an intellectual level because her place is considered to be in the home (private) instead of in public. However, this unfair rigid societal structure has been changed by women who have historically expressed their private desire publicly to have a more prominent role in societal affairs, society was able to experience the Women’s Revolution. Over time women have taken on roles that were previously considered male jobs such as politics. Additionally, mental health awareness has changed over the years as well because of the increase of people publicly expressing their struggle with it. Society has been able to understand and accept it as an illness not to be stigmatized. This knowledge
Susan Glaspell’s play, Trifles, may not be the best story to read and it may be confusing to some people, but it teaches the reader a great deal about how women were treated and how women were viewed during the early 1900’s. When analyzing the play from a feminist standpoint, Mrs. Wright’s motive for killing her husband becomes more clear and understandable to why she did it. Susan Glaspell gives the reader an idea of how men and women were treated during that time. In the next few paragraphs, I will use Susan Glaspell’s feminist approach to demonstrate how Mrs. Wrights murdering of her husband is completely justified.