Iconography
Iconography, in art history, the study of subject matter in art. The meaning of works of art is often conveyed by the specific objects or figures that the artist chooses to portray; the purpose of iconography is to identify, classify, and explain these objects. Iconography is particularly important in the study of religious and allegorical painting, where many of the objects that are pictured—crosses, skulls, books, or candles, for example—have special significance, which is often obscure or symbolic.
The use of iconographic symbols in art began as early as 3000 BC, when the Neolithic civilizations of the Middle East used nonhuman or animal figures to represent their gods. Thus, the Egyptian mother goddess Hathor was associated with the cow and usually appeared in relief sculpture and wall paintings as a cow-headed woman. The sun god Ra had a hawk's head, and the creator Ptah appeared as a bull.
In ancient Greece and Rome, each of the gods was associated with specific objects. Zeus (Jupiter), the father of the gods, was often accompanied by an eagle or a thunderbolt; Apollo, the god of art, by a lyre; Artemis (Diana), the hunter, by a bow and quiver. In addition, the Romans perfected the use of secular allegorical symbols. For example, a woman surrounded by bunches of grapes and sheaves of wheat would be readily understood as a representation of the bounties of the earth.
Early Christian art during the period of Roman persecution was highly circumspect, and innocuous objects—the fish and the dove—were used to symbolize Christ and the Holy Spirit. Later Christian art, however, became replete with iconographic symbols. In particular, many of the saints became associated with specific objects—Saint Peter with two keys, for instance, or Saint Catherine with a broken wheel.
During the Renaissance and through the 18th century, allegorical paintings were especially popular, as artists constructed elaborate symbolic schemes to illustrate such themes as the vanity of human existence.
It proves the possibility to become something when coming from nothing. Although the Walls’ children did not lead a glamorous life, it was rarely a boring one. Rex and Rose Mary continually teeter on the edge of caring and chaotic, putting their children in situations that children should not be in and giving them a childhood in which they must recover from. Unfortunate as it is, these moments are what has molded the Walls children in to who they are today, just as anyones childhood plays part in who they become. The despair in their lives was a driving factor, something that essentially forced them to succeed. Their parents taught them how to be carefree and adventurous, two things that plenty of people forget, they also taught them how not behave as an adult, which in some crazy way could be a blessing as well. No matter where their life leads them, New York, California and anywhere in between; they will always be the Walls’ children from Arizona and they will always have each
Battle Mountain was the happiest the family as a whole ever was. The children’s relationships with one another were very strong, as well as the relationship between Rex and Jeannette. Jeannette viewed her father as an infallible superhero. Although, the eldest daughter, Lori viewed Rex as wildly irresponsible, and untrustworthy and thus began her skepticism of her parents’ parenting abilities. While in Welch, West Virginia, a major paradigm shift took place. Rex’s addictions increased exponentially when the family moved in with his parents, his absences became more interminable, and in turn caused the family’s solidity to deteriorate more rapidly and seriously. By doing this, Rex conceded what little faith his children had left in him, eventually causing them to leave him and Rose for greener pastures in New York. After Lori, Jeannette, Brian, and Maureen left their parents in Welch for New York City, the rift between the children and their parents seemed vaster than ever before. Rex and Rose’s feelings were very hurt after being left and were lost without the four. By the time they rejoined the kids in New York, the children had assimilated to city life and had grown somewhat ashamed and embarrassed of their parents whom chose to still live on the street and from this moment on, all of their lives would morph into a ball of confusion. Nothing was ever
One of the symbols often used in these types of painting is the skull. In most cases, the skull is a symbol used to represent decay and mortality, as well as the certainty
What makes people or certain things Icons? A Icon is a person or thing regarded as a representative symbol of something. During the Black Arts Movement one of the questions brought up was if Black people should change their views as to who and what our Icons and Symbols were. In the book JuJu Magic Songs for the Black Nation which written by and but together by Askia Muhammad Abu Bakr El-Toure, he points out many different Black people that can be called Icons and Symbols for us. He follows the Black aesthetics of Larry Neal who points out that we as a community need Icons and Symbolism to help find ourselves.
The Glass Castle, written by Jeannette Walls, is an autobiography that has been enjoyed by many. It encompasess many themes that deal with the darker sides of life. Issues such as alcoholism, abandonment, and poverty are just a few that plague the family in this book. This personal story offers an insight to the childhood of Jeannette Walls. As an outsider looking in, it is crazy to think that such a young girl went through so many traumatic events, but to her, those events were nothing out of the ordinary. Her parents were different than most. They were guilty of constantly uprooting the kids, not holding steady work, and not always providing for the needs of their children. Strangely enough, through their eyes they were doing everything right and
Pot shards dating to 4,000 B.C. were found decorated with a pentagram. It should be noted that this supports that fact that the symbol never had any ties to demons or Satanism, as these are constructs of Christianity which didn't exist at that
Each having a function in the life of the everyday Roman, that would require some sort of worshipping. The Roman gods were taken from the beliefs of the Greek gods. They are directly descended from their neighboring religion. The Roman mythology consisted of the high god Jupiter, his wife and sister Juno, son Vulcan, son Mercury, daughter Diana, daughter Venus, son Mars, daughter Minerva, son Apollo, sister Vesta, brother Pluto, brother Neptune, and Janus.(Classical Mythology)
The development of Apple Inc. came during the unstable economic times of the 1970’s. Best friends and college dropouts, Steve Jobs and Stephen Wozniak pooled their electronic and business skills to market what was to become the first personal computer. Stephen Wozniak had designed a small computer, the Apple 1, for the enjoyment of some friends at a Homebrew Computer Club meeting. The Apple 1 developed in Steve Jobs’ bedroom and garage, while he envisioned the commercial potential of a personal computer that could help families with personal finances and small businesses with day to day tasks. Vision, drive and creativity allowed this entrepreneur to take the risk to create a business. The challenge of building that business and the desire to control his destiny required passion and perseverance along with innovation.
Throughout Apple’s history, the company has experienced an enormous amount of growth in the computer industry with its implementation of the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats analysis. It all starts with Apple’s position in the market and how they upheld a competitive advantage against other competitors. Apple’s specific competitive advantage during “1976 to 1990” was based upon the ideals of having a “strong brand image, consistent innovation, and differentiation” (Yoffie). To begin, Steve Jobs provided Apple the building blocks to have a competitive advantage over other competitors. For differentiation and innovation, Apple focuses on products with superior quality, provides an outstanding customer service
Athena was the Greek Goddess of many ideas, but she was famous mostly for her superior wisdom, her cunning skills in times of war, and her implausible talent for household tasks, such as weaving and pottery. She was celebrated more than any other God in ancient mythology, was the supposed inventor of countless innovations, and her figure gave reason for Greek women to gain rights long before others of their time. The goddess of war, the guardian of Athens, and the defender of Heroes; Athena’s impact on the lives of Ancient Greeks is outstanding. As a resident on Mount Olympus, Athena rightfully represents both intelligence and strategy (Grant, Hazel 83). Symbols that identify with the goddess include the owl for wisdom and the olive branch for peace (Athena or Minerva. 1).
For my iconographic project, I chose images that symbolism things that I believe I am, while also being things that mean a lot to me. The picture I created manages to look nice while also being full of informative images I will describe.
For the purpose of achieving this, it has set out strict policies and procedures that ensures that all the companies that it has business with should provide the safest working conditions for its workers, should treat the workers products which are fairly and that they are supposed to use the environmentally responsible manufacturing processes, as long as it is an area where Apple products are being made (O 'Grady, 2008). The organization’s mission is to produce very high quality goods, at significantly low
“Culture is everything you don’t have to do. Cuisine is culture, but eating is not; fashion is culture, but clothing is not.” — Brian Eno, musician and artist.
Historically, social media has increasingly become popular and the phenomena of portable media such as the development of text messaging and the trend of social networking sites are becoming a part of today’s culture. The development of this media has altered communication amongst people, therefore communication has become less personal and through electronics. We are not confined to one way of communication. Social Interaction through faceless means of communication started with email. Years later came cell phones, and gradually the option for text messaging was available for cell phone users. Since then more innovations of portable and social media have come along and has caused a change in behavior and tangible social interaction. However, the major development that is taking a major toll on interaction among young adults and teens are the social networking sites and the use of portable devices with interactive media.
The introduction of Christianity as a major religion followed the pattern of other ancient religions. Many of the great works of art were done for religious purposes. Some of the most famous artworks in history are religious. Just a few that come immediately to mind are The Last Supper, the ceiling of the Cysteine Chapel, and the Statue of David. Even during the period known as the Dark Ages art was inspired by religion. True, the art was generally dark and full of death and demons, but the art was based upon religious themes, mostly from the book of Revelations. As with the art that preceded it, the religious art of Christianity is full of symbolism. For example, a painting where the man is standing with two fingers upraised on his right hand is generally a religious leader such as a pope or Jesu...