Humanistic Perspective is a historically significant perspective that emphasizes the growth potential of healthy people. It uses personalized methods to study personality in hopes of fostering personal growth.
What are the key concepts associated with the most important theories within the humanistic/phenomenological perspective?
The key concepts are Maslow’s concept of self-actualization and Roger’s concept of unconditional positive regard.
In Maslow’s self-actualization concept, we, humans, seek to fulfill our potential. According to Maslow, self-actualization is the ultimate psychological need that arises after the basic physical and psychological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved.
Roger’s concept adds that people nurture our growth
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These theorists emphasized seeing the world through the person’s eyes rather than the researcher’s eyes.
Which concepts have been tested empirically? How valid are these concepts in explaining behavior?
Humanistic psychologists tested personality by asking people to fill out questionnaires that would assess self-concept. The people would compare their ideal self with their actual self. This does not fully explain behavior because it forces the subject to respond to narrow categories. Others believe that only through interviews and personal conversations would we understand a person's personality.
What are the presupposed views of human nature?
According to the capitalist Marx, human beings are fundamentally greedy, egocentric beings who can only be compelled to act with the promise of profit. The belief is that free market capitalism is a natural by product of greed, a Darwinist idea of thirst for materialistic gain, and any economy that chooses to do about otherwise will fall into corruption. However over the years, various historians and challenged to believe that human nature is in fact social and that we depend on others for our own well being. We do not cling to each other in means of exploitation, but to fulfill everyone’s common
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Humanism, however, rejects the assumptions of the behaviorist perspective which is focused on the stimulus response behavior and heavily dependent on animal research.
Which research methodologies does the humanistic/phenomenological perspective favor?
The research methodologies favored by humanistic/phenomenological perspectives include interviews and intimate conversation. The reason for this is that it would provide a better understanding of each person's unique experience. This is favored over standardized assessments of personality, as it is depersonalizing, as you are forced to respond to narrow categories.
What are the inherent strengths and weaknesses of the humanistic/phenomenological perspective? the strengths of humanistic/phenomenological perspective are that it deals with both the positive nature of humankind as well as the free will associated with change. It also is beneficial in the way that the aspects of this theory come together easily to make a successful approach to an issue. Lastly, humanism carries on to other professions, giving one a variety of opportunities. The weakness is the lack of concrete treatment; this means that it is hard to both develop a treatment technique and study the effectiveness of it. Humanistic perspective also does not help people with severe personality
When discussing personality one must understand the differences between personality and black personality. While it may be difficult to find an all-encompassing definition, personality refers to a person's unique and relatively stable pattern of thoughts, feelings, and actions. According to an excerpt presented in Psychological Principals and the Black Experience, "the personality represents the compromise between inner drives and needs, and the controls that limit and regulate their expression... Personality functions to maintain stable, reciprocal relationships between the person and his environment." Meaning that personality is made up of distinct characteristics that helps a person manage their day to day experiences under ordinary circumstances (Houston, 1990). There are many different theories on how one develops his or her personality. These theories include, the psychoanalytic theory which attempts to explain personality based on unconscious mental forces; the humanistic theory, which is the idea that all people are good and that they are striving for self-fulfillment; the social cognitive approach which states that people develo...
The humanistic perspective takes into consideration of the hierarchy of needs that a person has and then contemplates on the ones that are most important. Human beings normally have unique needs and each need is important. These needs include: physiological needs, safety, self-esteem, love as well as actualization. All the above needs are vital to the happiness of an individual despite their difference in the level of
I believe the humanistic theory does a great job simplifying the positive nature of humankind as well as the association of free will with change. Humanistic theory also fits well with other approaches. This theory also is well incorporated into the different views on human change.
The humanistic perspective on personality deals exclusively with human behavior. Humanistic psychologists believe that human nature includes a natural drive towards personal growth, that humans have the freedom to choose what they do regardless of environmental factors, and humans are mostly conscious beings and are not controlled by unconscious needs and conflicts. They also believe that a person's subjective view of the world is more important than objective reality. Two of the humanistic theorists that have made an impact of humanism are Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.
Humanistic Theory is based on the ability for individuals to be able to separately diverse with our own prospective on life. Maslow’s theory speaks to the potential and to positive outcome of human motivation and believes that every individual can and will strives to be more.
From a social-cognitive perspective your environment can change your personality, however, humanistic approach implies and event happens in your life and you apply your free will which defines your personality. The social-cognitive approach emphasizes the importance of cognitive processes, situational influences, observational learning, and self-efficacy while, the humanistic approach emphasizes free will, personal awareness, and psychological growth. The social-cognitive theory explains behavior is guided by cognitions of the world, in contrast, the humanistic approach stresses the importance of free will in explaining behavior. The social-cognitive theory incorporates mostly objective and some subjective information, while, the humanistic approach is more concerned with the subjective experiences of the individual. The social-cognitive perspective does not regard humans a unique. The humanistic approach places a high value on humans and does not believe they are comparable to rats in an experiment. Social-Cognitive approach takes into account biological factors related to cognition. The humanistic approach rejects biological determinism. The social-cognitive theory is grounded in empirical, laboratory research, in contrast, the humanistic viewpoint has no empirical research but assumptions or clinical observations. The main perspective differences between social-cognitive and humanistic perspectives are social cognitive theory believes the interaction between the environment, cognition, and behavior influence personality; and the humanistic theory believes people have free will, individual work and potential to reach
When exploring the short story, The Metamorphosis, the theme of humanism came up multiple times. I hadnot paid much attention to this theme at first. After reading the rest of the story, I found how important it was to understand the effects of humanism. This is important to people reading the story because it could possibly make them realize how their family functions. If it is like a family such as Gregor’s, they could possibly realize the problems. The definition of humanism is “an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems.” This definition comes from americanhumanism.org.
Features of the Psychoanalytic and Humanistic Perspectives Outline the key features of the psychoanalytic and humanistic perspectives, and briefly compare and contrast their views on conscious experience, a person as an integrated whole, and the role of therapists in arriving at changes. Answer In explaining and predicting animal behaviour, different schools of psychology are of different perspectives; e.g. cognitive approach focuses on the mental processes, behaviourism is based on external stimuli and reinforcement, biological approach is concerned with the relationship between the mind and body and the influence of heredity. However, they are only cope with a specific part of people, but neglect human as a whole.
Moving forward, the question remains…what makes Kant’s theory of enlightenment humanistic? Humanism is defined as a concern with the nature, capacity and potential of humanity, and the development and promotion of the same. Kant did not reject our normal, moral judgements. Rather, he devised a new method; one that would allow man to take the right action by thinking – something that people who call themselves “humanists”
In the centre of the humanistic approach stands the subjective experience of individuals, the emphasis is that humans rather choose how to behave based on their free will (Derobertis, 2013). The approach rejects that behaviour is bound by past or current circumstances or ruled by uncontrollable forces, but rather believes that humans make decisions regarding their actions based on their own choices and that people are generally good (Glassman & Hadad, 2009). The main dominator of personality development is the self-actualization (Rogers, 1959). The pioneers of the humanistic approach are Carl Rogers, Abraham Maslow and George Kelly. Carl Rogers named the person seeking treatment a client and not a patient, he established the client-centred
Psychoanalysis gives an understanding of the unconscious mind of human beings while behaviorism is the study of behaviors of individuals in different environments. The theory of humanistic theory emphasizes on the potential of every person and focuses on the benefits of self-actualization and growth. The humanistic theory focuses on the belief that individuals are internally good and that social and mental problems are because of deviations from the norm (Arnaud & Vanheule, 2013).
Humanistic approach focuses on human existence, where people have unique qualities that include creativity, freewill or freedom, potential and personal growth. People like Carl Rogers who have brought about person-centred theory and Abraham Maslow who has developed a hierarchy of needs, where he emphasized on self-actualization. There is an evaluation on both Rogers and Maslow theories, on how they are based on their own assumptions and views, and I apply Maslow’s theory of self-actualization into my own personal life.
The foundations of the humanistic approach places emphasis on human potential for creativity, love, growth and psychological health and looks at the client holistically It encourages self-awareness and self-realization.
However, what is humanism? Humanism is focusing on the actual physical human being rather than supernatural or religious beings (an outlook or system of thought attaching prime importance to human rather than divine or supernatural matters. Humanist beliefs stress the potential value and goodness of human beings, emphasize common human needs, and seek solely rational ways of solving human problems. a Renaissance cultural movement that turned away from medieval scholasticism and revived interest in ancient Greek and Roman thought.
This psychology perspective emphasizes individuals ' inherent drive towards self-actualization, the process of realizing and expressing one 's own capabilities and creativity. It helps the client gain the belief that all people are inherently good. It adopts a holistic approach to human existence and pays special attention to such phenomena as creativity, free will, and positive human potential. It encourages viewing ourselves as a "whole person" greater than the sum of our parts and encourages self exploration rather than the study of behavior in other people. Humanistic psychology acknowledges spiritual aspiration as an integral part of the human psyche. It is linked to the emerging field of transpersonal psychology. As per usual, there are advantages and limitations to this particular theory. One of the greatest strengths of humanistic psychology is that it emphasizes individual choice and responsibility. Humanistic psychology satisfies most people 's idea of what being human means because it values personal ideals and self-fulfillment. Finally, humanistic psychology provides researchers with a flexible framework for observing human behavior because it considers a person in the context of his environment and in conjunction with his personal perceptions and feelings. As with any viewpoint, humanistic psychology has its critics. One major criticism of humanistic psychology is that its concepts are too vague. Critics