Engineering Report
Contents
Introduction p1
What is a Two Stroke Engine? P2
How a Two-Stroke Engine Works
Power Stroke p3
Fuel Intake p4
Compression stroke p5
Dismantling the Engine p
Engine Assessment p
Engine Rebuild p
Appendices
Introduction
The task at hand was to find a medium sized internal combustion engine. With this engine we had to dismantle it recording all the steps taken to pull it down. After the engine had been taken apart, all the functions of the engine had to be observed and recorded. After observing and recording all the information, it was then required to make any minor repairs, adjustments or replacements. Once the repairs had been carried out, the engine had to be rebuilt back to its original or better then working condition.
What is a Two-Stroke Engine?
A two-stroke engine is an engine that is mainly used in lower-power devices. Two stroke engines are used in devices such as jet skis, dirt bikes, lawn mowers and other petrol powered garden equipment such as whipper snippers, chainsaws and leaf blowers. Two-stroke engines are renowned and used for their simplistic design. Without having valves it reduces weight and reduces complexity of its design. The engine can function in any orientation. This means that it can be moved upside down, around in any direction without the engine stopping. This has a massive advantage over four stroke engines because they need to stay upright for the oil flow to remain constant.
Two stroke engines have the ability to create a lot of power because of the amount of power strokes per revolution, in addition with its small lightweight design; two stroke engines have a high power-to-weight ratio.
Fig 1) Cross section of a two-stroke engine's barrel and crank case.
How a Two-Stroke Engine Works
Power Stroke
Starting from the point where the spark plug fires. Previous to this, the piston has compressed the fuel/air mixture in the cylinder. When the spark plug fires, it creates an explosion. This explosion drives the piston downward which turns the crankshaft, which is attached to the shaft that drives the cutting deck on the lawn mower. As this is happening it is compressing the fuel/air mixture that has come from the carburetor, in the crank case. As the piston starts to go down, the exhaust port is uncovered, and the pressure in the cylinder forces most of the exhaust gases out of the chamber.
Fig 2) The power stroke in a cross section of a two-stroke engine.
Fuel Intake
Perhaps the smallest step in the combustion process, but one of the most important. As the piston reaches its most downward point, the piston has pressured the fuel/air mixture in the crankcase.
The Wankel rotary engine named after the designer, Felix Wankel, was engineered in the early 1930’s. The rotary engine was unlike the conventional four stroke internal combustion engines and lacked the need for pistons, valves and camshafts. With only three moving parts involved in the design, this engine showed great promise in reliability and efficiency. The first Wankel rotary model was shown in 1960, not as an engine, but as a pump drive. Instead of the very complicated system involved in a conventional reciprocating piston engine, the wankel engine incorporated triangular “rotors” (see figure 1) that rotate within an epitrochoidal chamber around an eccentric shaft. Not only is this engine much more simple (only 3 moving parts rather
Have you ever wondered how those big heavy construction equipment are able to work day in and day out and able to go through so much work? Well that’s because of their mechanics like me and I’m going to show you what they do day in and day out to keep them going. Thesis Statement: The career of diesel mechanic is challenging, because of everyday is something new and anything can happen. The research will describe the career of diesel mechanic, what is required to become a successful, and the impact this career has on society.
The Physics Behind the Power of an Engine Insert the key, turn, and vroom. And down the road you go. Most people take for granted the strange conglomeration of metal and plastic under that sheet of metal, either in front or back of their vehicle. The engine, as you may have guessed, is a modern marvel- so to speak. They’re found in cars, trucks, boats, airplanes.
...the shock waves created by a shift, which acts as a brake, slowing the turbo and requiring it to be spooled up again. We lose boost pressure but keep our turbo speed this way.
Preparation for the shift often begins while one is walking into the station, because the thorough inspection of the fire apparatus is primary for a dependable engineer. During a walk-around inspection one should be examining the fire apparatus for any defects or flaws that were not present the shift before. Engineers take pride in the fire apparatus and wear them as badges of honor. On approach to the truck note if there are fluid leaks of any kind: engine oil, transmission fluid, radiator fluid, and water. Good engineers treat the fire apparatus as if it were their own child; if anything is wrong with the fire apparatus it is time to go to the doctor or in this case the mechanic. The windshield of the vehicle must be clear and free of cracks or blemishes, for this is the vista of our response to emergencies. The doors to all compartments should all open and close pro...
The 2,100 square meter engine assembly area of the factory is capable of building the liquid cooled V-Twin for the V-Rod in approximately 2 hours from 370 components. Each of the 10 individual workstations takes approximately 7.5 minutes to complete its task. Building the engines onsite permits the firm to save on transportation costs of having the engines built at one location and shipped to another and decreases the carrying costs of inventory by using Just-In-Time production.
The Ford 427 FE model engine was intentionally made for drag racing. The frame is large but,light weigh for a better performance. It weights between 120 and 195 pounds depending on the materials it is constructed of. The rear end is lifted for better air flow( super motor sports ) .The engine is present in Thunderbolt, Galaxy, and Fair lane ( ford motor Co ) This engine has the ability to reach a speed of 185 miles per hour. It also has overhead cams causing the engine to move faster. It would have cost around 10,000 dollars at the most expensive and 20,000 dollars the the lower end. Production began on the engine in the early 1960's.
This hot gas is pushed out through the back and it makes the rocket move forward. This is using Newton's third law of
...e fuel and air and then again the sparkplug provides a spark igniting the mixer creating the power stroke sending the piston back down restarting the cycle. This engine has a lot more compression and just takes straight gas and air. With a the oil being completely separated from the gas. This engine was a lot more reliable because it didn’t spin as fast and never got as hot it lasted a lot longer and barely ever need rebuilt. Just maintain like new oil, coolant, and a new spark plug was about all it took to keep these bike running and because they weren’t rebuilt between each race the bike would be no different than the one they had raced in the previous race thus keep the rider more comfortable and more in control of the power of the bike. This lead to faster lap times more safe bikes and in the end a whole new style of racing for the world of Supercross.
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Knowing how to take apart machinery, and put it back together exactly the way it was before, is a big part of this job. Let us say we are both industrial machinery mechanics I am your employee and I thought I fixed a front-end loader for a mine. I took it apart ran some tests on the engine I diagnosed the problem the oil filter was plugged up. I then took apart off the hood found the oil filter
The basic trimmer works by the engine driving a multi-bearing supported hardened steel shaft housed in an aluminium tube through a centrifugal clutch this shaft is connected to a “head” that holds a nylon line that spun at high revolutions per minute (RPM). This nylon line then cuts the grass by hitting the blades of grass at high speed, this cause the grass to be severed at the point of impact. Thus trimming the grass.
Sirignano, W. A., & Liu, F. (1999). Performance increase for gas-turbine engine through combustion inside the turbine. Journal of Propulsion and Power, 15(1), 111-118.
A steam engine is an external combustion that converts heat energy, in the form of steam, into mechanical energy. Steam is generated through combustion of a fuel, i.e. Coal, heating a boiler filled with water, which evaporates to produce steam that expands do drive a piston connected to a flywheel in a rotary motion. The flywheel then transmits energy created to a crankshaft which is used to provide power to machines, such as locomotives, fluid pumps, and machine tools. Waste steam is then expelled from the engine through an exhaust, or can be condensed and repurposed in some steam engine designs (Croft and Tangerman, 1939).
This along with the lighter construction of a two-stroke makes it the preferred motor used in small vehicles and tools (Two Stroke Engine). A two-stroke engine is operated by first drawing the mixture of fuel and air into the chamber by the vacuum caused by the upward stroke of the piston. During the downward piston stroke, the poppet valve is forced closed due to the increased pressure within the chamber. The mixture is compressed in the chamber throughout the stroke. As the stroke ends, the intake port is exposed allowing the mixture to escape into the main cylinder, expelling the exhaust gasses in the process and some of the fuel mixture as well. Momentum then causes the piston to rise, compressing the mixture as another stroke is beginning. Once the stroke reaches its peak, the spark plug will ignite the mixture causing the fuel to expand driving the piston down thus completing the cycle while additionally initiating a new