There are around 400 diverse shark species and over 15,000 divergent tropical marine fish discovered by man(www.flmnh.ufl.edu). Although, this used to be a man's field, one woman proved to the world that this was her forte. Dr. Eugenie Clark, an American Ichthyologist, explored thousands of feet below the sea to discover and observe numerous shark species, and countless tropical fish. Through her explorations, encounters, and exchanges, Eugenie Clark was able to impact the human knowledge of marine life. Before the 1940s, the human knowledge on marine species was almost nonexistent. Humans had only explored and discovered below_% of the ocean and
Many years later, Eugenie Clark entered the “man's” world of marine biology
Throughout time, of course, marine biologists have created methods—or “techniques” (163)—that allow such a task to become more straightforward. The method which mainly comes to mind involves close observation of the organism, and noting as much of its minor and major characteristics while attempting to identify it. By recording such details as the organism’s symmetry, general shape, colors, external appearance, internal structure, and measurement, marine scientists can refer back to identification guides to figure out what specific classification their organism fits in, or whether they have the right taxonomy in mind or not (Mertz, Garrison and Baker 163-164). Upon confirming the organism’s identity with the noted characteristics, finding extra information about it becomes much easier
20 year- old Madison Stewart, many know her as shark girl, is an underwater filmmaker and a dive master. The young Aussie grew up living on a yacht from just two years old, she has spent nearly every day of her life in the water. When she first started snorkeling, one thing grabbed her eye and that was seeing sharks in the wild, She instantly feel in love with the animal and decided to have a future being around sharks every day of her life. When she was young she didn’t once think that she would have to fight for sharks and their lives. When she returned to the Great Barrier Reef at the age on 14 years old, she had expectation’s such as seeing the same beautiful reefs and the same sharks, but what she saw and discovered changed her life forever.
When the word Shark comes to mind most people think of a monster that feeds on humans and is an enemy of all living beings. Contrary to popular belief less than 10 percent of sharks are known to attack humans unprovoked. Sharks are classified under the class of Chondrichthyes, which is fish that have characteristics of a skeleton made of cartilage, jaws, paired fins, and paired nostrils. The superorders are divided into two groups, which are Batoidea that have rays and their relatives and Selachii, which are sharks. Scientists have found isolated spines, teeth, and scales that appeared 350 to 400 million years ago in the Devonian Period known as "Age of Fishes". Most modern sharks have evolved 100 million years ago when dinosaurs lived on earth. (Matthews, 1989) Sharks have been known to inhabit tropical and temperate seas as well as some cold and polar seas. Migration of sharks is poorly understood due to not all species migrating. And in the species that do migrate the distance may be short or long and is based on availability of the food and environmental cycles. One American biologist Eugenie Clark is the world leader in shark study, she was the first person to learn how sharks behaved in captivity and how well sharks had the ability to understand.
Beginning with the simplest one-celled organism, an extraordinary animal rose in the murky waters entitled to a non-comparable killing-eating machine. This organism has become nature’s most genuine and most successful creature that it has remained unchanged for over 250 million years. Nature finally invented the perfect king of the sea. This animal has given the sea it’s “living” adjective; in turn, it was entitled—the “great white shark.”
When Anne Collet was a child she had her first encounter with the sea, as many young children do, by going on vacations with her family. From that point on she knew it was what she would want to do with her life. She went to college at a university in Brest and enrolled into the department of marine biology. This is where she began to study the sea and all its creatures in it. In 1973 Anne had her first Dolphin encounter and from then on became infatuated with the “Giants” of the sea. Her passion was for Dolphins and Whales.
Watching a movie where hundreds of swimmers on a beach are in a complete panic because of shark attacks makes a person scared to swim in an ocean, lake, or even a pond. Not only movies, but also documentaries of shark attacks stress how dangerous sharks are. In reality, are sharks really that dangerous or is it how they are portrayed? Stephen R. Palumbi who is a Professor of Biology at Stanford University and also the Director at the Hopkins Marine Station at Stanford wrote an article about other animals living in the ocean that are more dangerous to humans than sharks. In fact, he has written books about creatures in the water such as The Death and Life of Monterey Bay, and The Evolution Explosion. In addition, his son Anthony R. Palumbi is a novelist and a science writer that has written for Atlantic and other publications (Princeton University Press 1). Together they co- authored an article titled “Forget Shark Week: They aren’t the only fish in the sea” that was published the Los Angeles Times.
We know there many talented individuals that is blanked throughout the world past and present. Talent is marked in every race, but some people just don’t get enough credit and many individual are over look for the great work they have done. Most people may not have heard of Ernest Everett, but he was a great scientist in his time. Ernest Everett graduated from Dartmouth College in 1907 and continued to the University of Chicago earning his Ph.D. in zoology in 1916. It was very difficult for him being a colored man and attending college in those times, but his ambition and determination drove him to succeed. Earnest Everett was an extraordinary marine biologist who was very innovative when it came to many important discoveries, which include
The Marine Biology program at UCLA is geared toward students who want to specialize in the field of marine sciences. In addition to learning biology, students gain first-rate experience in such disciplines as oceonography, marine organisms, and the evolutionary processes of lif...
scientific circles but sales plummeted with the bombing of Pearl Harbor. 1942 I began working for the Fish and Wildlife Service promoting fish as an alternative to foods in short supply because of the war. By 1948 I moved into an exclusively male domain, earning the grade of biologist, and becoming the editor-in-chief of the Information Division.
Peichl, Leo, Günther Behrmann, and Ronald H. H. Kröger. "For Whales And Seals The Ocean Is
In 2015 only 59 shark attacks have occurred around the world compared to the millions of sharks killed by humans every year. Due to these accidental shark attacks people tend to think that sharks, especially Great Whites are evil creatures with malice intentions when attacks do occur; but, on the contrary that is wrong. Sharks are not the only beautiful and unique creatures in the ocean, they also play a vital role in our ecosystem; however, due to human interference they might not be around much longer, through awareness sharks can be protected from endangerment.
The article, An Ocean Mystery in the Trillions by William J. Broadjune is about information regarding a family of fish named bristle mouths. Divers have discovered the existence of this family of fish as early as 1872, living in deep ocean depths during a sea expedition. The author discusses their unique characteristics such as its ability to change its gender, “bristle like teeth”, and a strategy called counter-illumination that they use to protect themselves from predators. All the fish’s features are essential to their survival from both predators and the environment. Furthermore, there is a large amount of evidence supporting the fact that it is the most found vertebrate on the planet with a possible population of thousands of trillions. Many sea expeditions over the years have been able to confirm their large population. However, questions were raised when scientists solved the mystery of the Deep Scattering Layer during the Cold War for military purposes. The layer was composed of a large amount of sea creatures that caused sonars to determine the area as the seabed. When scientists looked further into what type of sea
Review: The opportunity and endeavor of exploring the Earth’s oceans can reap great rewards for mankind and unravel many of the mysteries that the Earth has left to discover.
Most people think that sharks are large, fast-swimmers, and savage predators. This is true of some species and groups should be interested of the appealing aspects of biology found within it: all sharks have an excellent sense of smell; some can detect electrical discharges; some sharks give birth to one of the
The Land Shark Index Page. Anti-Vivisection Index. March 1995. The Land Shark.