How Do You Define a Citizen?
Dictionary Library. Ottenheimer Publishers, Inc., 1966 ed.
Citizen - An inhabitant of a city; a member of a state; having the rights and duties of a citizen.
Webster’s New World Dictionary of the American Language, College Edition. The World Publishing Company, 1962 ed.
Citizen - An inhabitant of a city or (often) of a town; esp. one possessing civic rights and privileges, to burgess or freeman of a city.
1. formerly, a native or inhabitant, especially a freeman or burgess, of a town or city; hence,
2. loosely, a native, inhabitant, or denizen of any place.
3. a member of a state or nation, especially one with a republican form of government, who gives allegiance to it by birth or naturalization and is entitled to full civil rights;
4. a civilian, as distinguished from a person in military service, a policeman, etc.
Oxford English Dictionary. Claredon Press, 1989
Citizen - 1. An inhabitant of a city or (often) of a town; esp. one possessing civic rights and privileges, a burgess or freeman of a city.
Being a citizen is something most people don’t think about. In many countries citizenship is only a matter of nationality; they were born in a certain country and therefore belong to that country. They may be forced to defend it, but they may not get any special rights because of it. We in the United States are lucky in that citizenship here includes rights such as voting and running for office. Citizenship is something very important that we take for granted.
What is a citizen?
The word, "citizen" comes from the word "city." The Oxford English dictionary’s definition seems to be the original one, an inhabitant of a city. Webster’s dictionary ...
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...s, usually on or around the fourth of July. As citizens of this country we are entitled to all the rights that are listed in the Constitution, yet many people are not even aware of what those rights are. Jay Leno interviewed people on the street one night and asked them simple questions about our government (number of senators, representatives, etc.). Most of them couldn’t give the correct answers. We need a lot more education about what it means to be a U.S. citizen.
So, a word that began as a description of a person who lives in a city has grown to mean a person who also lives in a state, in a country, and in the world. In addition, it includes all the rights, privileges, and duties that this person has as a citizen, especially if he lives in a republic. Even though we seldom think about it, being a citizen is one of the most important parts of our lives.
oriented citizens. A personally responsible citizen is one that works, obeys laws, pays taxes, and
The Middle Ages was a dark time for the people of Europe. As the Black Death reigned during the mid-14nth century, dead bodies littered the streets, social order was abandoned, and human pretenses were forgotten. This deadly disease resulted in a complete alteration in the foundations of Europe itself. Unique practices, myths, and beliefs manifested themselves in the people?causing them to doubt the very church and government which had once captured their undoubting faith. Despite the scrambling of both doctors and church officials, there seemed no end to the enormous death tolls. The plague, feared and dreaded by all, changed the behavior of an entire continent and resulted, ultimately, in the death of a third of its population.
The destruction and devastation caused by the 'Black Death' of the Middle Ages was a phenomenon left to wonder at in text books of historical Europe. An unstoppable plague swept the continent taking as much as eighty percent of the European population along with it (Forsyth).
Rachel Mendleson. (June 12 2013). Giving non-citizens the right to vote in city elections: Your question answered. Retrieved from http://www.thestar.com/news/city_hall/2013/06/12/giving_noncitizens_the_right_to_vote_in_city_elections_your_questions_answered.html
"A Reich citizen is only that subject of German or kindred blood who proves by his conduct that he is willing and suited loyally to serve the German people and the Reich."
No other epidemic reaches the level of the Black Death which took place from 1348 to 1350. The epidemic, better regarded as a pandemic, shook Europe, Asia, and North Africa; therefore it deems as the one of the most devastating events in world history. In The Black Death: The Great Mortality of 1348-1350, John Aberth, compiles primary sources in order to examine the origins and outcomes of this deadly disease. The author, a history professor and associate academic dean at Vermont’s Castleton State College, specializes in medieval history and the Black Death. He wrote the book in order to provide multiple perspectives of the plague’s impact. Primarily, pathogens started the whole phenomenon; however, geological, economic, and social conditions
In conclusion, the overall sense of The Black Death: The Great Mortality of 1348–1350 is undoubtedly that the plague did not discriminate. Regardless of which aspect of life one chooses to look at, discrimination within the plague’s capacity cannot be found. Some experts and writers disagree on the causes and cures of the Black Plague; however, it is not refuted that the plague affected every person of every nationality, religion, and social status. It is also not impossible to argue that the idea of inescapable death was mutual amongst the contributors to Aberth’s book of documents. Whether geographical, medical, or spiritual, each aspect of Aberth’s book proves that the plague did not show favoritism in any way; thus, no one could escape its fury. The plague of the mid 1300s did not give way to those of certain wealth, power, or religious affiliation. c
In Robert S. Gottfried’s book titled “The Black Death”, he analyzes the 14th century outbreak from an epidemiological perspective. The book is written as a historical account of one of the greatest epidemics on record. Gottfried is a well renowned Professor of History as well as the Director of Medieval Studies at Rutgers University. Another one of his books titled, "Epidemic Disease in Fifteenth Century England” focuses on the additional outbreaks that occurred in Europe after the Black Death plague. The Black Death also called the Great Pestilence the was the second of three pandemic plagues known and is considered one of the most damaging pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 25-50% of the Europe's population in the years 1348 to 1350. The origins of the plague began with east-west trade. In 1347 the Black Death entered Constantinople and spread throughout Byzantium and the Eastern Mediterranean, it is theorized that foreign rats migrating with the eastern trade carried the disease called Y. pestis to the west, fleas that were feeding on those rats then transmitted the infection to livestock and humans. The epidemic spread at an alarming rate and had devastating effects once contracted, at its peak the plague is said to have taken up to 1000 lives a day.
During the age of Pericles, the ideal form of government was believed to be a government formed by all of the citizens regardless of wealth or social standing. This was known as democracy, literally meaning “ government of the people” [Document 3.] This government favored the many instead of the few. Athens was a direct democracy, meaning every citizen participated in debates. Western civilization used this philosophy of government by many, and created an indirect democracy where citizens elect officials to make and enforce laws.
Considered one of the worst natural disasters in world history, the Black Death came through Europe in 1347 A.D. It ravaged cities and town, causing a death to the masses, and no one was considered safe. The Plague is any epidemic scourge or calamity for which remedies are difficult to find, and according to the encyclopedia, plague is a common term for a disease of rodents that occasionally cause severe human infection. Named for the black spots that appeared on the victims’ skin, the original disease originated from Oriental Rat Fleas and black rats. It first infected Mongol armies and traders in Asia, and then began moving west with them as they traveled. There was no natural immunity to the disease, and standards of public health and personal hygiene were nearly nonexistent. It is believed that if people had not fled to nearby cities in hopes of escaping the plague, it might not have ever spread like it did. In the end, it passed through Italy, France, England, Germany, Denmark, Sweden, Poland, Finland, and even up to the island of Greenland. City dwellers were hit the hardest due to the fact of crowded streets and the lack of sanitation. Up until the mid-15th century, recurrent epidemics prevented the recovery of Europe’s population to pre-plague levels. The Black Death was an important turning point for the history of Europe. This time was “the beginning of the end of the medieval period and the start of a social transformation of the continent.” The social and economic impacts of the plague were so huge, economics, politics and the European society would never be the same again.
Graveyards were full, medicine failed, parents abandoned ill children and in just six months, millions had died. It was the beginning of the Black Death. It was a deadly plague that spread through Europe and Asia from the mid 1330’s -50’s. The cause of death for twenty million people, the survivors thought it was God’s anger at something they had done and, therefore, the end of the world. In Venice, ninety thousand died and in Florence, half the population. There were three types of the plague. The Bubonic plague was the most common, the Pneumonic Plague was less common and the Septicaemic Plague was the most deadly and rarest of them all.
"The black death: a plague that brought change to Europe." Calliope May-June 2011: 42+. General OneFile. Web. 8 May 2012.
Someone who believes in living and communicating simply and in nature to find yourself.
“Immigration is the term utilized to describe the action and process by which a citizen of one country relocates to another country after petitioning for residency into that country.” (Martinez). An immigrant, also known as an alien, is person or people who come from a foreign country. Aliens are broken down into two main categories: the legal aliens and the illegal aliens. But what are the differences between the two? Legal aliens owe allegiance to the country. In America, aliens have the opportunity of becoming legal by either having a green card or becoming an American citizen and having dual citizenship. Green cards holders are permanent residents who have been authorized to live and work in the U.S. legally but they are not American citizens. To become a citizen, you must be legal, know fluent English, have a clean record, and go th...
What really is an illegal immigrant? It is defined as “an alien (non-citizen) who has entered a country without government authorization or remained beyond the expiration date of a visa”.