6.1 Introduction to Health Hazard & Hygiene 6.1.1 Introduction to Health Hazard
Hazards can be found in every workplace. Hazard is generally anything that makes you in a dangerous situation. Health hazard is means that the hazard brings negative effect and harm to the health which is may cause measurable changes in the body. There are many hazard in the workplaces have the potential to harm workers short-term and long-term health result in diseases, disorders and injuries. Occupational health is an important as occupational safety. However, occupational health generally receives less attention compare to the occupational safety in workplaces.
Nowadays, most of the people were suffer ill-health caused by the workplace rather than suffer to
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Chemical hazards are either inhaled or absorbed through the skin or both. It may cause illness to some workers who are sensitive to the chemicals such as skin irritation or respiration problems. Chemical hazards mostly happen in laboratory and factory. Secondly, physical hazards are the activities that will threaten people physical safety which include noise, electricity, vibration and radiation. Physical hazards are the most common hazards will occur in the workplaces. These hazards will lead to illness, injury and even death. Physical hazards will happen in anywhere and anyplace. Thirdly, biological hazards are come from working with animals, people and infectious plant materials which are fungi, moulds, bacteria and viruses. Bacteria may be introduces into the workplace through sewage, food waste water or insect droppings. Biological hazards usually happen in hospitals, hotel laundry, laboratory, veterinary offices and nursing home may expose people to biological hazards. Thus, both types of hazards need to be solved and fixed. It is because hazards can harm people immediately and long period of time. Once recognize a hazard, we should conduct risk assessment and inspections to keep workplaces healthy and …show more content…
Cancer is a serious body cell disorder in which the cells develop into tumours which is a disease caused by an uncontrolled division of abnormal cells in a part of the body. There are two types of tumour which are benign and malignant. Benign tumours do not spread but remain localised within the body and grow slowly. However, malignant tumours are called cancers and often grow rapidly and spreading to other organs using the bloodstream and lymphatic system. In recent years, the survival rates have increase significantly due to the improvement of the detection method and the tumours can be found in their early stages of
It is important for business management to develop and promote sound health and safety policies and to consider, not only the legal requirements and the possibility of prosecution, but also the possibility of an employee personal injury claim.
This literature review will analyze and critically explore four studies that have been conducted on hand hygiene compliance rates by Healthcare workers (HCWs). Firstly, it will look at compliance rates for HCWs in the intensive care units (ICU) and then explore the different factors that contribute to low hand hygiene compliance. Hospital Acquired infections (HAI) or Nosocomial Infections appear worldwide, affecting both developed and poor countries. HAIs represent a major source of morbidity and mortality, especially for patients in the ICU (Hugonnet, Perneger, & Pittet, 2002). Hand hygiene can be defined as any method that destroys or removes microorganisms on hands (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2009). According to the World Health Organization (2002), a HAI can be defined as an infection occurring in a patient in a hospital or other health care facility in whom the infection was not present or incubating at the time of admission. The hands of HCWs transmit majority of the endemic infections. As
As you exit the bus, another passenger next to you starts to cough, and then you hold the handrail as you exit the bus. Since you’re late getting home, you take a shortcut through a field to get home quicker. These three simple acts just exposed you to bacteria, viruses, and insects that could cause illness or even death. Infectious diseases, also known as communicable disease, are spread by germs. Germs are living things that are found in the air, in the soil, and in water. You can be exposed to germs in many ways, including touching, eating, drinking or breathing something that contains a germ. Animal and insect bites can also spread germs.1
The rate of errors and situations are seen as chances for improvement. A great degree of preventable adversative events and medical faults happen. They cause injury to patients and their loved ones. Events are possibly able to occur in all types of settings. Innovations and strategies have been created to identify hazards to progress patient and staff safety. Nurses are dominant to providing an atmosphere and values of safety. As an outcome, nurses are becoming safety leaders in the healthcare environment(Utrich&Kear,
Cancer is a disease that affects human somatic cells. It causes the cells to divide uncontrollably and form masses known as tumors. There are two different types of cancer tumors. Some tumors are benign and other tumors are malignant. Benign tumors look similar to the tissues that they came from and develop slowly. The tumor remains in the same area that the tumor originated in. Malignant tumors are formed from cells that do not resemble the tissue that they came from. They vary in shape and size. This enables pieces of the tumor to break off and spread to other places in the body. Over the past few decades cancer has become a very prominent disease. There are many different types of cancer and many different causes for the the disease. Most cancers are because of a genetic mutation. The most common type occur when a cell is dividing. Proto-oncogenes, which are alleles in a normal cells, mutate to form oncogenes. These oncogenes cause cancer because they do not allow the cells to self destruct or become epistatic. There have been several research projects which have been testing epistatis.
Environmental hazards arise as well from hazardous materials and waste. Hazardous materials concerns could arise from spills of gasoline, diesel fuel, oil, or solvents from containers or vehicles. Spills could contaminate soils or leach into ground or surface water. And environmental hazards could adversely affect humans, wild life, vegetation and water supply.
Word related wellbeing perils happen at work or are identified with the sort of work you do. These incorporate broken bones, cuts, removals, hearing issues brought about because of over the top clamor, vision issues, presentation to germs, and ailment created by introduction to radiation. Great job wellbeing measures and safety measures can decrease the danger of these risks. Remaining fit, decreasing anxiety, and utilizing proper hardware and apparatus are a portion of the precautionary measures you can take.
A candidly of risk occurs in every organisation. Governance principals and the occupational health and safety urge that the organisations take reasonable measures to hinder loss, charge or rage to the organisational and all stakeholders/management. Injury and accidents can even happen ultimately with stringent OHS and the fact that an accident when occurs, does not mean that someone is liable if all responsible steps for prevention or minimisation has been taken.
Employers negligent in providing health and safety in the work environment could become criminally charged, fined or sent to jail. Providing an unsafe workplace is no longer considered just as morally unjust, but an act of crime. Health and safety in the workplace has become more encompassing and broader, accepting new causes and problems that influence occupational health and safety. Health is no longer just defined as wellness of the physical body, but also wellness of the mind. Mental health is considered an area of workplace safety.
Hazardous materials come in many forms and include: explosives, flammable and combustible substances, poisons and radioactive materials. These dangerous substances are usually released during a transportation accident or through accidents or chemical spills in plants and factories. Since hazardous materials are shipped or transported through a variety of ways including l, waterways, and major highways and the release of these chemicals could cause serious harm. They can enter our water ways from oil rig spills or enter the environment from a train derailment or a container truck accident. The affects of a hazardous materials incident can include serious injury or death, serious health effects and property damage and environmental damage including bodies of water.
There are numerous public health problems that can be addressed in my Southside of Chicago community. Among the several public health problems facing my Southside of Chicago community there are two that are more urgent. Health education or one might say lack thereof is a problem that needs to be addressed. My community is plagued with many of the residents suffering from high blood pressure, diabetes, and the killer virus known as HIV. In most cases these conditions can be prevented with healthier lifestyles and access to nutritious organic foods. In addition, environmental health is another urgent problem my community is facing. Access to clean, safe water and air is supposed to be a fundamental human right aimed at a healthy environment. Yet, my community consists a waste contaminated beach, numerous deteriorated building that are still occupied, and a countless number of restaurant and stores supplying our residents with services that are endangering their health.
Chemical and fire hazards in the workplace cause serious injuries that in most cases are fatal.
Hazardous material is any material that may cause hazard to human health or environment. Hazardous material can be solid, liquid or gas. There is 9 classes of hazardous material are known in the United Nation. The solid hazardous material can cause hazard to human by contacting or by dust form so the human will inhale it. The liquid hazardous material can cause hazard to human by flowing into draining system and waterways so it will affect the person by the drinking water and it will also affect the wildlife. There is 2 main ways that hazardous material can get in human body and cause harm, one of them is inhalation so it will damage the lungs and respiratory system, and also ingestion so the material will enter the body with the food or water and it will damage the digestive system.
The term ‘occupational health and safety’ (often abbreviated to OHS), is used describe work practices that will keep employees safe. The absence of OHS can be detrimental to a company and its workers alike, as there is a high risk of serious injury. Safety on many worksites must be the top priority for any corporation. Though at our walk-around of Juggernaut Industries, we noticed it wasn’t monitored at all. The following is a list of possible effects and laws that will remind you of the consequences.
A hazard is defined as an activity or object that has the potential to cause harm if contact is made with the person, object or activity (MHS, 1996; Harmse, 2007; HSE, 2006). These hazards in a work place need to be identified and dealt with accordingly to prevent any harm to employees or any individual acquainted to a certain activity or establishment. The key roles and principles of occupational hygiene are Anticipation, Identification, Evaluation and Control (Schoeman and van den Heever, 2014; Harmse, 2008; SAMTRAC, 2012). To practise in accordance to the above principle; a hazard identification and risk assessment needs to be conducted. Anticipation is the foreseeing of the activity