Hatshepsut was one of few female pharaohs to rule in ancient Egypt. She started as a regent for her son, Thutmose III because he was too young to take the throne when his father Thutmose II died. As Thutmose III grew older and was ready to take the throne, Hatshepsut continued her reign. After her death, many of her monuments and records of her name were completely destroyed. Numerous experts agree that the erasure was the doing of Thutmose III out of rage. Although many historians think that Thutmose III is responsible for the erasure of Hatshepsut’s images as revenge for her taking his throne, based on the timeframe of the erasure, the relationship between the two and her proper funeral, the attack was not an act of revenge.
First, based
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One example of the relationship between the two is the fact that they built the temple at Hierakonpolis together. “The Petrie Museum holds foundation plaques which reveal the names of both Hatshepsut and Thutmose III together. This suggests that the two royals founded the temple together when they were co-regents” (Green 17). Their ability to work on such a large project as co-regents eludes to the fact that their existed no resentment in their relationship. In another instance, Thutmose III is included in pictures of Hatshepsut on her monuments. Kate Green, an expert voices her thoughts on the matter, “If Hatshepsut truly hated Thutmose III, it is unlikely she would have included him in these significant scenes from her most important” (Green 2). Clearly if the two had a terrible relationship, they would not be pictured together nearly as much as they were. Although they were pictured together, in many images, Hatshepsut is shown in a more powerful light, this may lead some to believe that there was some tension in the relationship between Hatshepsut and Thutmose III. Green theorizes that Hatshepsut is only shown in a position of more power simply for the fact that they were on monuments for her (Green 2). This is not sufficient evidence to suggest a rocky relationship between Hatshepsut and Thutmose …show more content…
Had Thutmose III been responsible for the erasure out of revenge, he would have tried to prevent her from entering the afterlife, which was a very important part of egyptian culture. However, this was not the case. The erasure was incomplete therefore, Hatshepsut would still be able to pass into the afterlife. “The texts of the Annals of Thutmose III, inscribed on limestone blocks which covered a wall decorated by Hatshepsut, which showed some evidence for chisel damage but not for a completed operation” (Wendrich np). This is only one example of incomplete eradication. Willeke Wendrich gives another example. “Her images as queen, when she was regent for Thutmose III, were left in peace, as were her tomb and mummy” (Wendrich np). These example would prompt one to presume that whoever was behind the erasure did not have an end goal of preventing Hatshepsut from entering the afterlife. One more instance that proves that the perpetrator was not trying to keep Hatshepsut from the afterlife includes the fact that Hatshepsut's tombs were not destroyed (Wendrich np). Tombs are an important part of a pharaoh's journey to the afterlife. If someone unequivocally wanted to prevent Hatshepsut's transition into the afterlife, the tombs certainly would have been
It can be tempting to look at myth and think of it in historical terms. There’s an amount of intuitive plausibility to their myths where it could be argued that it’s capturing an element of history and transmitting it through oral narratives. This could be seen in a great number of myths, Homer’s Iliad and Odyssey and the myth of Theseus included. But there is too much “other” going on in these myths to make them strictly historical. With the myth of Theseus, this “other” is too politically motivated for propaganda not to be part of its function. By analyzing the myth itself and how myth can be used as propaganda and applying that to this myth, it’s clear that the myth of Theseus is more than just an entertaining story, or a snapshot of history.
Queen Hatshepsut, who ruled Egypt during the 18th dynasty, was one of a small handful of female pharaohs. Despite her many achievements, her reign is most remembered for the fact that she was a woman. Her unique story has been a source for dispute among scholars, which has led to a number of conflicting views. The small amount of Hatshepsut’s life that has been documented does not allow us to see the more intimate details of her life. Historians have a broad range of opinions on her, but one thing is certain: her reign provided Egypt with a period of peace and prosperity after 100 years of foreign rule. There are a number of theories involving Hatshepsut’s personal and public life.
The success of the king’s rule became based on the approval or rejection of the god Amun-Re. Thus, Amun was used as a platform for political propaganda, with pharaohs such as Hatshepsut and Thutmose III using the God to legitimise their claims to the throne, as evidenced for Thutmose III on the Temple of Tiraqa: ‘I have achieved this according to that which was ordained for me by my father, Amun-Re’. Concepts of the divine oracles and the divine birth of the king became a theme for pharaohs of the 19th dynasty, and afforded them heightened legitimacy. Hatshepsut’s divine birth scenes on her mortuary temple in Deir el Bahri depicts her claim to be the daughter of Amun, manipulating the public to believe in her divine birth. Additionally, Thutmose IV’s ‘dream stela” erected between the paws of the sphinx, which claimed that he had been granted the kingship because he had freed the monument according to instruction from gods. Some historians have dismissed these building projects, which consolidated the importance and authority of the state cult of Amun-Re as mere political propaganda. However, it is more the point that they reflect a significant change in the Egyptian political landscape, as it became dependent on and connected to the sustained pre-eminence of the cult of Amun-Re and the religious unity that eventuated. Therefore, the amun
Hatshepsut’s posture of sitting down on the throne gives off great reverence. Her pose gives the idea of royalty and respect as she is sitting rather calmly but also straight up. Hatshepsut’s hands are laid flat on the top of her knees. Her position is very static and still. There is no urgency in her posture, seemingly peaceful and serene. However,...
You can clearly tell that all those damages could have been caused by someone. All this evidence points out that it was Queen Ankhesenamun who murdered the Pharaoh Tutankhamen. Queen Ankhesenamun is practically responsible for this massacre. What happened is that she knew that Tutankhamun was the last of the family bloodline and was very valuable to pass on the glory to future family, but Ankhesenamun didn’t want that. Ankhesenamun wanted the glory all for herself and wanted to start a new family bloodline of greatness for Egypt.
While visiting the Museum of Fine Arts Houston, I came across The Indian Triumph of Dionysus. Originating in Rome, it was created by a wealthy follower of Dionysus’s mystery cult in the late second century A.D. This worshiper evidently wanted to construct a sarcophagus in tribute of Dionysus’s accomplishments. Furthermore, Dionysus is surrounded by characters that are within the mystery cult because the creator wants the viewers to know with whom he is associated. With these two things combined, the patron hoped to shed light on a piece of history that they believed to be prominent during his life.
Many ancient societies were fixated on different beliefs and deities throughout the early stages of civilization, and some of the earliest signs of these periods of mythology begins with the early Sumerians and evolve into many different African cultures. As the recognized birth place of both human existence, as well as the rise of civilization. One of the more significant and more influential figures in the discussion of ancient mythology is Osiris and the history and depiction of him in Ancient Egypt. This story outlines many influential things in Egyptian society, such as the conflict between order and chaos, death and the afterlife, conceptions of kingship and succession, as well as many of the early influences of Egyptian religion in the early stages. Much of the evidence of Osiris lies in the Pyramid texts, seeing as the timeframe for the myth was around 24th century BC. Many of these same texts arise in the Middle and New Kingdom of Egypt and are influential in Egyptian folklore, as well as the storied history of the civilization. Many of the figures included in the legend, which include Isis and Horus were prevalent in many clans throughout Egypt. Much of the history surrounding Osiris has been lost, but many ancient historians and famous writers in the ancient world attempted to piece together his story.
The Second Intermediate Period lasted 150 years. Hyksos from Palestine invaded it. The New Kingdom begins when Hyksos are driven out of Palestine. The New Kingdom was the 18th Dynasty. Ahmose I take over. He reunified the country. Women played in an important role in the New Kingdom. Hatshepsut was a powerful female. She was the wife of Thutmose II and mother of Thutmose III. The wars were fought in horse drawn carriages.
In “Hatshepsut: His Majesty, Herself”, by Catherine Andronik, she informs the reader about Hatshepsut and her role as an effective female pharaoh in ancient Egypt. One supporting detail proving her leadership was when she acted as a regent, an adult who can take control of the country. Another detail that supports the fact that Hatshepsut was an effective leader is in paragraph 11 where the text states, “ She appointed officials and advisors, dealt with the priests; appeared in public ceremonies first behind, then beside, and eventually in front of her nephew.” this quote explains that because Hatshepsut’s nephew, Tuthmosis III, was too young to be a powerful ruler, Hatshepsut, who was second in command, ended up doing everything for him. Hatshepsut
Ancient Egypt is home to one of the greatest female pharaoh. Queen Hatshepsut. She was the first female pharaoh and did great things.
The sites touched by Thutmose I and II were expanded in Upper Egypt. Hatshepsut built for Horus of Buhen, which was a temple of a temple common in the mid 18th dynasty. Hatshepsut lined the temple with drawings of her and Thutmose III. Although later, when Thutmose III rose to power, he replaced those drawings with those of just him and his father and grandfather. However, parts of the Buhen temples that were moved to the Khartoum Museum, contains scenes of Hatshepsut’s coronation and veneration of her father, Thutmose I. There are no records of any 18th dynasty kings building before Hatshepsut. Hatshepsut also inscribed a lengthy tale on Speos Artemidos, saying that she was the first person to start to restore temples in the area of Memphis since the Hyksos destroyed the area. She claimed to rebuild temples at Hermopolis and at Cusae. This work was claimed to be overlooked by one of her nomarch named, Djehuty. Djehuty was a general under king Thutmose III, and then a nomarch to Hatshepsut. Djehuty had the titles “king's scribe”, “overseer of troops” and “overseer of the northern countries”. Hatshepsut gave the most attention to Thebes. She had a huge focus on the Temple of Karnak, and worked on restoring and expanding on the once great temple. Djehuty had a large role in this project as well. Illustrated on the walls of this temple, was the Queen’s expedition to
The fundamental features of the Warrior Pharaoh image during New Kingdom Egypt included; leading his soldiers into battle and returning in victory, attacking the enemy in his horse-drawn chariot which was adopted from the Hyksos, wearing war regalia , larger than life expectations and finally offering the spoils of war to the god Amun, the inspiration of his victory. Due to the absence of the their pharaohs on military campaigns, the Queens began to play a more prominent role within the New Kingdom Egypt’s society, however this was a short term consequence of the civil war as it was only necessary when the Pharaoh left to go to war or on a campaign. The rise in roles and prominences amongst the Queen’s slowly decreased towards the end of the war until Hatshepsut comes into power. After this the Queen’s involvement seems to disappear and we begin to no longer hear about
Hatshepsut was born into a wealthy, educated family; however, she displayed qualities that are innate among most great leaders. She was courageous, ambitious, confident, and innovative. This allowed her to become the female Pharaoh during the 18th dynasty, and in a male dominating society, this was seen as an accomplishment among historians analyzing women in power. Hatshepsut’s will to adopt the role as Pharaoh prior to her reign portrays her as a strong, independent female leader. Her building projects and further establishment of trade had a positive impact on Ancient Egypt socially, economically, and intellectually by creating opportunity and further expanding their knowledge. Ultimately, Hatshepsut is considered to be a very successful and influential leader within Ancient history.
... over the years because of its construction material. “If structurally the mud-bricks presented severe limitations, historically their fate was disastrous” . Because the dried mud dissolves so easily when it comes into contact with water, the building itself did the same. It is possible that Hatshepsut’s tomb could have fared far better over the years were it not for her nephew Thutmose III who essential ordered the erasure of Hatshepsut’s rule from history. Many images of her were destroyed and the temple itself suffered. Luckily it still exists, though not in the same glory as it once did. Both structures suffered over time, just as both were created for similar reasons. Both were made with the intention of honoring the greatness of their patrons. Choga Zanbil remains one of the most impressive ziggurats to date, and Djeser-Djeseru was a building before its time.
...n 1163 B.C., Egypt entered a period of slow decline (Scarre 1997:116). Pharaohs became less powerful, and their prestige dwindled. Hungry soldiers were terrorizing the community, while tomb robbers were raiding the pyramids for resources that were very much needed. They had buried their pharaohs with food, goods and jewelry, all of which were needed to keep the civilization in tact. They had built too many pyramids, and there were setbacks in Asia which corrupted trade. People did not understand why the pharaohs could not fix the problems that were going on. They viewed them as gods and lost trust and faith. Egypt fell apart as these things culminated with loss of belief in the pharaohs.