Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Syndrome Model was created by Hans Selye in 1936. The Hans Selye’s General Adaptation Model states that when a stressful event occurs, it acts as a stressor causing one’s body to react to it through three stages if it is not removed. The three stages are alarm stage, resistance stage and exhaustion stage.
One stressful event that I personally encountered which I will use to apply to the model is the time when I was representing my school at the National Track and Field Championships for the 800m event.
In the alarm stage, the body encounters a stressor. The stressor will cause the body to react with the fight or flight response.Next, the nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis will be activated. The body system will then release ‘stress’ hormones like adrenaline, cortisol and noradrenaline. Blood pressure and heart rate will begin to increase.
At this stage, the stressor affecting me is when I was running the last 200m, I hear the footsteps of my competitor directly behind me. My body reacts to this stressor by having thoughts that ‘this competitor is going to overtake me’ and I experienced fear. This thought is travelled to my brain activating my neural axes and the neuroendocrine axis. The nervous system contains neurons stimulates my adrenal medulla. Stress hormones are produced, causing me to experience an increased in blood pressure and heart rate.I respond to this stressor by a fight response.
Now is the second stage of the stress response which is the resistance stage. The endocrine axes in my body are also activated. The hypothalamus stimulates my pituitary gland, causing adrenocorticotropic hormone to release. It circulates through the blood, reaching the outer portion of t...
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...ress is that a women will befriend the enemy or situation. Womens who portrays this behaviour is due to hormones such as oxytoxins and endorphine. There is also a increase in catecholamines and blood pressure.
For men on the other hand, they have leser oxytocin. Hence, they either escape or fight the stress.
Now, i will talk about how men and women manage stress. For men, they tend to find something relaxing to do as a way of relieving them from the stress. Men also tends to keep things to themselves and will not discuss the stressor with their friends.
For women, often they will think of ways on how they can overcome this stressor. Women likes to talk to friends about their problems. Unlike, men who usually keeps it to themselves. Talking to others about their problem is a way of relieving stress for women.
To conclude,there are gender differences to stress.
Adrenaline and glucocorticoids are critical to survival. Animals’ stress responses turn off after escaping from life-threatening situations. However, humans’ stress response come from a psychological state of fear or threat. We are often stressed out due to traffic, increasing taxes, instead of actual life-or-death situations. What’s worse, we are stressed constantly. Since we cannot
Sympathetic pathways change nerve activity during times of stress, exercise, low blood glucose levels, excitement or fear, due to the flight or fight response. These changes can have an effect on homeostasis by increasing heart rate, increasing blood flow, dilating pupils, sweating, releasing glycogen, increasing oxygen intake and diverting blood flow away from the gastrointestinal tract.
When faced with a dangerous situation, the common mind will flood with consternation, while the body changes its customary routine to adjust to this new development. One of the first things to change is the release of adrenaline. That adrenaline will cause the release of stored energy and move blood between the muscle groups (Conger 2). This allows the subject to move faster, work harder, and be stronger. All of these traits improve the individual to better survive the dilemma and find safety. Besides contributing to an increase in energy and power, the adrenal glands release cortisol too (Conger 1). The stress o...
When it comes to feelings of stress, men tend to pull away in order to think about what is bothering them (Gray 11). Every problem is dealt with differently, based on the severity of the stress. If a man is stressed over something really challenging, it is likely that he will disengage himself and spend time alone, looking to find a solution on his own, while doing something active such as racecar driving (30). If a friend or spouse’s assistance is necessary to solve the problem, he will talk the issue over with that person; otherwise, he will not involve anyone else in his difficulty. Studies show how many times when a man is searching for a solution, he will temporarily lose his awareness of everything other than the problem, become increasingly distant, forgetful, unresponsive, and preoccupied in terms of his relationship. If one is having a conversation with a stressed man, it will seem as if only 5% of his mind is involved with the discussion. Additionally, when going through the stress, it is likely that all other problems and responsibilities will fade into the background (31). In contrast, women like to share their feelings about any and every situation and pour out their emotions and thoughts to a friend (Tannen, Talking 11). Gray notes that when a woman gets stressed, she will usually become increasingly overwhelmed and emotional. Thus, discussing and talking about her issue would calm her down (29). In
Physical manifestations of PTSD are a result of the body’s natural response mechanisms becoming overwhelmed. This mechanism is commonly referred as the fight or flight mechanism a part of the nervous system. In the unaffected person, when triggered this mechanism cause changes in the body. Changes such as increased heart rate, increased musc...
Huethner, G. "The central adaptation syndrome: Psychosocial stress as a trigger for adaptive modifications of brain structure and brain function." Progress in Neurobiology 48 (1996): 569-612.
Stress means different things to different people and stress effects people in different ways. Some people think stress is something that happens to them such as an injury or a promotion and others think that stress is what happens to our mind, body and behaviors in response to an event. While stress does involve events and how one responds to them these are not the critical factors, but our thoughts about the situation in which we are involved are the critical factors. Essentially, stress exists whenever homeostasis is disturbed or cannot be maintained (Stress and the Social System Course Guide, 2013). Homeostasis refers to the body's ability to keep the internal chemical and physical environments constant. As your body begins to react to stress several changes occur. These changes include increased heart rate, blood pressure and secretion of stimulatory hormones. Ones body prepares itself in stressful situations to either stand ground and fight or to flee from the situation. Walter Cannon called this stressful reaction the fight-or-flight response (Greenberg, 2012).
Pressure turns into stress when individuals feel they are unable to cope with the situation. People have different ways of reacting to stress, so a situation that feels stressful to one person may be a positive challenge to someone else. Many of life’s demands can cause stress such as work, relationships and financial issues. When individuals feel stressed, it can obstruct them from dealing with demands, or can affect everything an individual does (Choices, 2016d). Stress can have a big impact both emotionally and physically. There are two ways people can portray signs of stress, psychological and physiological. Stress can affect how individuals feel, think, behave and how the body works. Psychological signs of stress can include: irritation, frustration, confusion, forgetfulness, anxiety, bad habits, headaches, behavioural signs of stress which can include avoiding others or decreased contact with family or friends and depression. Physiological signs of stress can include: heart palpitations, inflammation, insomnia physical tension, headaches and digestive problems. These stress hormones are released to enable an individual to deal with pressure or threat of "fight or flight" response. The theorist Walter Cannon 1920 developed the fight or flight response also known as ‘acute stress response.’ Stress is a biological and psychological response experienced when faced with a threat that people do not have the resources to deal with. The flight or flight response is a surge of hormone; adrenaline which is produced by glands located in the kidneys, which are released into the bloodstream. It is the response of the sympathetic nervous system to a stressful event and therefore, preparing the body to fight or flee. This can include an increased metabolism and heart rate, increase blood flow to the brain and muscles, erect hairs, raised sugar levels,
Each bodily physiological system has an individual established set point, or level of balance; however, some fluctuations in these levels are tolerated. The balance of any system can be, and regularly is disturbed by internal and/or external events of the mechanical, physical, chemical, biological, and/or social types. When this balance is disrupted, and involuntary mobilizations of biological processes are not able to re-establish it, an alarm reaction is activated (Schedlowski and Tewes, 1999). This reaction is referred to as a stress response, and the activating agent is the stressor (Selye, 1936).
The term ‘stress’ was generally thought to have been a concept created by Robert Hooke in the 17th century. He worked on the design of physical structures, such as bridges; his concept of stress came from how much pressure a structure could withstand. However, Lazarus (1993) pointed out that the term ‘stress’ has been used as far back as the 14th century, when it meant hardship or adversity. Back then it referred to the external stressor, such as the death of a spouse or financial worry; in the 20th century, there are many different schools of thought on this area. Hans Selye (1956), brought together the work of Cannon and Bernard and devised a comprehensive system of physiological stress; which he termed the ‘General Adaptation Syndrome’, and is a 3-stage process. He theorised that a certain level of stress called ‘eustress’ (Cox, 1978) could actually be beneficial to our overall performance. Later In 1976, Cox & Mackay devised another model called the ‘Transactional model’. This model takes into account the individual differences in the perception of the amount of stress experienced by the person. The main difference between these two models is that Selye’s model only accounts for the physiological side of stress, whereas Cox’s model takes into account both the physiological and psychological aspects of stress. Therefore, both models will have slight similarities and differences in their explanation for how stress occurs in individuals, which is the main focus of this essay.
When under stress, men basically have a “fight or flight” response. They just want to relax and avoid talking about it and they even go to a special place called “the nothing box” which women desperately wish that they could be in there with them. Generally, women are much different. When a woman is under stress she will just want to talk about it, but when their significant other tries desperately to solve their problem it causes issues because women don’t want them to do that. Females just want someone to hear them out. They want to know that their voice is heard so in when it comes to relationships and marriages, boys just need to focus on listening rather than playing the
The human body has different ways of responding to stress; one quick responding nerve-hormonal system involving adrenaline, another long-lasting system involving cortisol, and perhaps others. These systems not only determine the intensity of our anxiety reactions but also our attitudes, energy level, depression, and physical health after the stressful events are over. As individuals, our nervous systems differ; however, according to Richard Dienstbier at the University of Nebraska, we may be able to modify our unique physiological reactions by learning coping skills. The genetic, constitutional, and intrauterine factors influence stress. Some of us may have been born "nerv...
During this response certain hormones are released, which speed the heart rate, slow digestion, and reroute blood flow, in order to elicit the desired response of fight or flight. The behavioral response to stress involves coping. “Coping refers to active efforts to master, reduce, or tolerate the demands created by stress” (Weiten & Lloyd, 2006, pp.... ... middle of paper ... ...
Stress can cause a wave of hormones into your body. If your body identifies stress, a mini location in the base of the brain called the hypothalamus operates by making the body to grow hormones that can include adrenaline and cortisol. Stress can have different effects on participants when playing sport. For example, if your stressed you can’t do the basic tasks well and effectively. Stress can form, if you don’t want to fail in a particular sport which could ultimately lead to you being dropped. However, if you have achieved much stress, or distress, this can cause you anxiety which will most definitely affect your
Stressors initiate a response within the organism and causes changes in the body, specifically responses in the body’s autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system has two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic autonomic nervous system helps the body deal with the stress it encounters, initiating the ‘fight or flight’ response. Once the threat has passed, the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system will take over, relaxing the body. There is a balance between these two in a healthy person. However, when someone stays on guard, using the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, all sorts of physical effects can