Memories of World War II play a very important role in the world today, especially in East Asia. These memories are not simple but complicated factors that created many of the controversial issues that exist today. Two of the main issues that revolve around East Asia are the Nanjing Massacre and the comfort women issue. People have debated over the truth of the Nanjing Massacre and the comfort women issue, and people on different sides have not come to an agreement on the historical facts. Daqing Yang’s “The Malleable and the Contested, Joshua Fogel’s “Nanjing Atrocity and Chinese Historical Memory ” discusses the issues in detail, and Chungmoo Choi’s “The Politics of War Memories toward Healing”. In Daqing Yang’s “The Malleable and the Contested”, he gives a detailed explanation on when and how the Nanjing Massacre became such a controversial issue both in China and Japan today. He primarily focuses on the publications that brought awareness of the incident. He also signifies how politics can be a factor in these memories. Right after Japan’s defeat, Japanese atrocities were brought up to the Tokyo War Trials. During the early post-war period, the Nanjing Massacre was acknowledged in Japanese textbooks. It was not until the conservative Liberal Democratic Party’s establishment that the focus on the massacre was lightened in textbooks. On the other hand, the People’s Republic of China brought up the massacre by portraying the communist as the winner who fought against the Japanese in the war, and also focused more on how the United States was the key factor that caused the massacre instead of the Japanese. Yang points out in his article “As China continued its internal struggles to weed out domestic enemies, class conflict, rathe... ... middle of paper ... ...ave a sex life. The women’s purity is much more concerned than the women’s subjectivity. The image of how their virginity was taken away from them was far more important. The memory of the Nanjing Massacre remains diverse in Japan and China. The number of the victims could not come to a conclusion between the two. While the debate remains in Japan, the more united view of the Nanjing Massacre is the case in China. The comfort women issue in Korea is a complicated issue that can be viewed in more aspects. In Korea, the image of the comfort women is more of a nationalistic presence rather than the female presence of the individual women. Memories can be shaped and presented in very different ways. Some parts of the memory bring more attention than others. The individuals have memories of their own and it is the fact people need to take more aspect into consideration.
Kelman, Herbert C., Hamilton, V. Lee. “The My Lai Massacre: A Military Crime of Obedience”. Writing & Reading for ACP Composition. Ed. Thomas E. Leahey and Christine R. Farris. New York: Pearson Custom Publishing, 2009. 266-277. Print.
Despite having the horrific Nanking Massacre occur 70 years ago, its history is barely buried like many of the dead were at the time. The Nanking Massacre (also known as the Rape of Nanking) occurred as a part of the 2nd Sino-Japanese War, which would then become part of World War II. This war involved the Republic of China defending against the invading Japanese forces. Unfortunately, China was weakened due to a civil war between the Communists and the Nationalists, so it was easily invaded. The Nanking Massacre shows the negative elements of Human Nature and should be taught in schools because it portrays the brutality of the Japanese in Asia.
Accordingly, I decided the purposes behind women 's resistance neither renamed sexual introduction parts nor overcame money related dependence. I recalled why their yearning for the trappings of progression could darken into a self-compelling consumerism. I evaluated how a conviction arrangement of feeling could end in sexual danger or a married woman 's troublesome twofold day. None of that, regardless, ought to cloud an era 's legacy. I comprehend prerequisites for a standard of female open work, another style of sexual expressiveness, the area of women into open space and political fights previously cornered by men all these pushed against ordinary restrictions even as they made new susceptibilities.
Chang, Iris. The Rape of Nanking: The Forgotten Holocaust of World War II. New York, New York:
The first section of Pan’s book called “Remembering,” discusses two of the major role-players, Zhao Ziyang and Lin Zhao, during the different campaigns and revolutions throughout China’s history, and the way the public recalls their deaths. Both Zhao Ziyang and Lin Zhao’s lives and deaths received differing treatment by the government censors and the public. Zhao Ziyang was an important senior member in the C...
In the Cult of True Womanhood, Welter expressed that women are judged in piety, purity, submissiveness, and domesticity. Welter explained that women are not individuals, but always attached to a man as a mother, daughter, sister, and wife (Welter, pg. 1). Welter describes society as viewing women who have had pre-martial sexual relations as “impure” (Ibid, pg. 1). Since virginities are a gift to a girl’s future husband, and the hymen’s intactness is a sign of intelligence, women who lose their virginities prior to marriage are considered brainless (Ibid, pg. 1). Women are responsible to push men away; if they do not, then they must pay the price of “madness or death” (Ibid, pg. 1). Mag Smith, Frado’s mother, had to fend for herself when she
...re massacres, but it serves the purpose of reminding us of what some people have gone through. The Rape of Nanking is important because it shows us what we could be going through, but luckily, we aren’t going through any of what the Chinese had to deal with. Yes, at any time a country could attack the United States and attempt to take over North Tonawanda, but in this day in age it seems more unlikely. I’m not sure if I feel this way because I live in the United States and know my country has a strong and powerful military, but it could be different for other people in other countries. Some may be facing starvation, or poverty, but at least they aren’t getting raped by multiple soldiers, decapitated, and used as bayonet practice. The Rape of Nanking is important because it’s able to tell us to be grateful for our lives now becausewe could have it so much worse.
The Rape of Nanking was written by Iris Chang and tells the horrifying story of the massacre of hundreds of thousands of Chinese civilians and soldiers by the Japanese army during World War II in the winter of 1937. This event is portrayed in three perspectives: through the eyes of the ruthless Japanese military, the terror-stricken Chinese tortured and slaughtered in the once peaceful city of Nanking, and the group of Europeans and Americans who stayed behind to create the International Committee for the Nanking Safety Zone which saved almost 300,000 lives. The second part of the book discusses the Japanese government's refusal to admit its war crimes against humanity and its effort to hide this mass murder from the public knowledge, and "to
“I remember being driven in a truck along a path that had been cleared through piles of thousands and thousands of slaughtered bodies” (Chang p.55). Imagine a troop of Japanese Imperial Army men storming in your city, entering your home, raping women and children, torturing, and killing about 300,000 innocent civilians (“The Rape of Nanking”). The innocent Chinese people experienced tragedy in 1937 by the Japanese Imperial Army invading Nanking. This all started when Japan and China started a war for territory. The Japanese thought it was easy to overthrow China because they were loosely organized but China delivered a strong resistance leaving the Japanese furious. The anger of the Japanese resulted in 300,000 deaths and a wounded city (“The
War is cruel. The Vietnam War, which lasted for 21 years from 1954 to 1975, was a horrific and tragic event in human history. The Second World War was as frightening and tragic even though it lasted for only 6 years from 1939 to 1945 comparing with the longer-lasting war in Vietnam. During both wars, thousands of millions of soldiers and civilians had been killed. Especially during the Second World War, numerous innocent people were sent into concentration camps, or some places as internment camps for no specific reasons told. Some of these people came out sound after the war, but others were never heard of again. After both wars, people that were alive experienced not only the physical damages, but also the psychic trauma by seeing the deaths and injuries of family members, friends or even just strangers. In the short story “A Marker on the Side of the Boat” by Bao Ninh about the Vietnam War, and the documentary film Barbed Wire and Mandolins directed by Nicola Zavaglia with a background of the Second World War, they both explore and convey the trauma of war. However, the short story “A Marker on the Side of the Boat” is more effective in conveying the trauma of war than the film Barbed Wire and Mandolins because of its well-developed plot with well-illustrated details, and its ability to raise emotional responses from its readers.
The short story by Eileen Chang fully reflected the turmoil in China during the Japanese occupation in the 1940s. For decades, Japan has been trying to dominate China with incidents like the first Sino-Japanese war in 1894 where the two powers fought each other for the control of Korea. When Japan attacked Shanghai in what was known as the Battle of Shanghai in 28 January 1932, student bodies fought back and that resulted in the second Sino-Japanese war in history. Understandably the people of 1940s had extreme hatred for the Japanese due to the violence that Japanese military exercised on the country and its citizens. Strained political relationships in the city led to countless assassinations of Chinese government officials who worked ...
Since eighty percent of Japan’s population was born after the war, most Japanese people do not understand why neighboring countries harbor a grudge against them. This is because the government of Japan did a great deal in order to silence or conceal the truth of what Japan had done. The history textbooks were altered in a way that some can cover all of World War II in just 19 pages. Out of those 19 pages, only four footnotes were directly related to World War II events such as the “Nanjing Massacre”, the “Comfort Women”, “Bringing Korean and Chinese people to work in the mines”, and one last line about “Hiroshima and Nagasaki”. Furthermore, teachers in schools often leave World War II for the last unit, when students are all but ready to jump out of the classroom and sprint outside to embrace the summer. This blatant censorship can be found everywhere in Japan.
The Rape of Nanking was a very serious time for the Chinese people of Nanking. The massacre started with the bloody Japanese victory in Shanghai, during the Sino-Japanese war. Chiang-Kai Shek, the Japanese leader at the time, ordered the evacuation of all official Chinese troops and citizens presently residing in Nanking. A lot of people followed the orders and left, but many stayed, unaware of the bloodbath and slaughter that was approaching. On December 13, 1937, the first of the Japanese troops arrived, determined to destroy the city, “the Japanese looted and burned at least one-third of Nanking’s buildings,”(Nanjing Massacre 1). Following the initial attacks of the Japanese soldiers, many different forms of murder and torture occurred.
In December of 1937, the Japanese Imperial Army invaded Nanking, China. They killed 300,00 out of the 600,000 people in China’s capital city. The six-week rampage by the Japanese is now known as the Rape of Nanking and the single worst atrocity during WWII era in either the European or Pacific theaters of the war.
Concepts of virginity can been seen in all aspects of life, from movies, to books, to even religion. This wide-reaching topic has created many controversies and opinions worldwide. So what exactly is virginity? A person, whether a male or female, is believed to be a virgin, when he or she has not engaged in coitus. However, the value of one’s virginity differs depending on location and a culture’s religion. The perception of virginity also differs depending on gender. In females, virginity has been associated with purity, honor, and worth, whereas virginity in males is often pictured as a “conquest”. Virginity is a subject filled with issues of morality, religion, culture, and gender stereotypes.