Global Warming - A Problem Blown Out of Proportion
It is ironic that fifty two years before hosting the 1997 United Nations Conference on Climate Change, the city of Kyoto had barely missed being destroyed. It was one of four cities considered as primary targets by President Harry Truman’s secretary of war, Henry L. Stimson. The others were Kokura, Hiroshima, and Niigata. Gale E. Christianson describes Kyoto in her book Greenhouse as a magnificent city surpassed only by Tokyo in the number of its institutions of higher learning. Kyoto served as the seat of the emperor for more than 1000 years until the Imperial Household moved to Tokyo in 1868. All Japanese try to visit the city at least once in their lives. The city remains the heart of Japanese culture. Buddhist temples and Shinto shrines dominate the landscape. Japanese theater was founded in Kyoto. It was in this setting that the Nations of the world gathered to discuss the issue of global warming in late November of 1997 (Christianson 254).
From the beginning the United States was viewed as the villain. Undersecretary of State, Stuart Eizenstat, and head of the U.S. delegation, let it be known that no amount of pressure could force the administration to flinch. “We want an agreement, but we are not going to Kyoto at any cost” (qtd. in Christianson 255). Vice President Al Gore added: “We are perfectly prepared to walk away from an agreement that we don’t think will work” (qtd. in Christianson 255). It was quite obvious that the United States did not want to be there – and for good reason.
The reason had everything to do with cost and benefit. The Protocols would require that the United States reduce its 2008 – 2012 overall greenhouse emissions by about a third of the current levels. The economic costs are quite significant and the benefits are not. Tom Wigley, a senior scientist at the U.S. National Center for Atmospheric Research, calculated “saved” warming under the assumption that every nation met its obligation under the Kyoto Protocol. According to his calculations, the earth’s temperature in 2050 would be 0.07 ˚C lower as a result (Wigley). According to Patrick J. Michaels, a professor of environmental science at the University of Virginia, a warming of such an infinitesimal amount cannot accurately be measure on a thermometer. “The benefits of Kyoto are so miniscule as to ...
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The Parthenon is a temple that towers above the city of Athens, symbolizing the Athenians' wealth and power. The temple is dedicated to Athena, a Greek goddess and the city-symbol of Athens. This temple served as a monument to Athena because they believed that she helped the Greeks conquer the Persian Empire in the Persian Wars. The Parthenon had a style new to that era and it was impressive to the eye. The Greeks had to the work diligently to create the Parthenon in perfection. It was built in the masculine Doric style with some Ionic elements. To me the Doric style provided the perfect look, which demonstrated the Athenian desire to be perfect god-like beings. Using this style, the Parthenon hardly incorporated a single straight horizontal or vertical line. This bulging of the columns gave the building a more masculine look and it made the temple seem perfect to the naked eye. This perfection was important at the time because the Greeks saw themselves as rising to the level of the gods and nearing perfection. The Greeks had just defeated the Persians, and they were feeling very confident. They built the Parthenon to show their dominance and strength. A key purpose of the Parthenon was to show their gratitude to Athena for helping them conquer the Persians. The statue of the god Athena that was built was 26 ft. wide and 13 ft. deep. It was made of wood, which supported ivory pieces on the top of the statue.
The Parthenon was the focus point, it was supposed to drawn in the most people. To this day the Parthenon draws in a large amount of people from all over the world. The Parthenon was built between 447-432 BCE. It costs the city 469 talents. The Parthenon is mostly Doric columns with a few ionic to draw attention to certain areas. The back room of the Parthenon was said to house Athena’s treasure while the front room holds the statue of Athena. The Parthenon was built so anyone that walks through the arch way will be able to see all angles and inside the Parthenon to see the statues and the details of the
In conclusion, health care professionals will be faced with many ethical and moral dilemmas in relation to consent and patient choices throughout their career. In some situations they may need to take a paternalistic approach and in others they made need to act as an advocate. With the knowledge and understanding of health care ethical and moral frameworks, this will not only enable the health care professionals to work within their scope of practice, but to respond to these ethical dilemmas in a way that puts the best interests of the patient
United Nations Department of Public Information. United Nations, Press Release. (1999, March 16) 84 Countries Now Signed on to Kyoto Protocol. [on-line] http://www.unfccc.de/fccc/conv/presskp.html.
The Parthenon may be one of the greatest architectural achievements by the Athenians in Athens. Athens was one of many Greeks city-state, In the 5th Century Athens was the most powerful city-state. This precinct becomes a sacred one rather than a defensive one. This building has had tremendous influence because it’s the birthplace of democracy and it’s extraordinary architectural refinement. Since it was the birthplace of Democracy a series of reforms that allowed more and more people
First, the Parthenon frieze is an example of how unique the Parthenon is to the Greeks. The frieze is “[t]he most characteristic feature in the architecture and decoration of the temple” (Wikipedia contributors). It was made to “. . . depict the people of Athens in two processions that begin at the southwest corner and parade in opposite directions until they converge . . . at the east end of the Parthenon” (“Greek Architecture”). The procession mentioned in this source that the frieze represents is an annual parade for the goddess Athena, for whom the Parthenon was built. This piece of art is a two-tiered banner which wraps around the interior wall – the banner on the top depicts the gods and goddesses sitting and talking to one another while the bottom banner shows the Greek citizens marching in the Panathenaic procession. Both banners move toward the central scene on the east end of the building (Sakoulas, “Parthenon Frieze”). This scene shows the folding of the peplos which was a cloth made by the virgins who were devoted to Athena (“Greek Architecture”).The fact that the gods were shown above the citizens in the frieze was not so much to show that they were more important than the citizens or that the ...
the project of the extraordinary Acropolis was taken on by one of the most powerful leaders of history, Pericles. Pericles affects not only the building of one of the impressive works but the example of democracy displayed by the Greeks. The Parthenon was constructed in a period of time known as the "Golden Age of Athens". Just by learning from the Greek history, one can have a profounder look into the tremendous endeavors of the Athenians to build a great structure to challenge all memorials seen throughout the history of humanity. The Parthenon is essentially a Doric temple, with the six columns in the middle slightly smaller than the outer ones. The Parthenon was separated into two main
The Parthenon serves as a dedication to the Greek goddess Athena. Located on the high point of Acropolis, it was constructed from 447 to 438 BC in the Doric style of architecture. Unlike other Doric temples, however, the Parthenon was richly decorated and exhibited unique features such as subtly curved columns.
The Parthenon was a temple, constructed in ancient Athens to “replace two other temples” used to worship the Greek God Athena. It also housed the treasury. It was constructed in “Doric” style, with a “rectangular floor plan”, surrounded by columns. There were two rooms. A large one that had a
The most famous piece of greek architecture is the Parthenon. The Parthenon sits on top of a mountain in the middle of athens which is called the acropolis. Inside the Parthenon is a chryselephantine statue of athena. Chryselephantine means an gold and ivory
A temple named Parthenon was on top of the Acropolis (Greek city build on hill). In the Parthenon temple had a statue that was a goddess which was Athena. The Parthenon temple had columns that were thinner and more stylish. The Parthenon temple was built in Acropolis Athens in the 447-432 B.C.E. Roman temples did have the same designs as Greek temples.
The most instantly recognizable structure is the Parthenon. Designed by the ruler of Athens, Pericles. The parthenon honors the great goddess of Athena. This temple design influenced Roman architecture and continued to influence structures for years to come. The Greeks came up with columns, which are used structurally and/or aesthetically in a large portion of modern buildings. The ancient design of a theatre, which involved a bowl like shape for the seats, directly inspired the design of the Roman Colosseum. The design of the Colosseum is what nearly all stadiums and arenas today are based upon. Greek architectural ideas are engraved so deep into Roman architecture for such a long period of time that they were all re-discovered in the Renaissance. This long lasting legacy explains why ancient Greek architectural designs are still so prevalent today.
With this being said, it is important that the principle of informed consent becomes something that is extremely relevant to our society as a whole. As with medicine becoming more advanced everyday, patients should be explained by their physician exactly what kind of treatment will be happening to themselves as well as all of the possible outcomes associated with said treatment. This is important to discuss, as we currently live in a society in which everything is “Politically Correct”, meaning that is someone wasn’t told all of the available options that they had available to be treated with, or gave consent willing, could end up with lawsuits or worst case scenarios such as death. Regarding this, both patients and physicians have things at stake such as money, time, resources, and medical practices. So it is crucial that in this day and age that the principle of informed consent is practiced everywhere in order to ensure patient autonomy is
In 1997, leaders of humanity gathered in Kyoto so as to devise a way to cut global emissions. The Kyoto Protocol (an addendum of UNFCCC) was created to reduce glob...
Whether Kyoto protocol was unsuccessful, but, there are some countries that has been successful in implementation of Kyoto protocol. There are Germany, Sweden, and United Kingdom, as well as United Nations members. Besides, it was indicates that European Union (EU) have agree in joining a United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) in 1994 (UNFCCC, 2014). In addition, EU was strongly support the establishment of Kyoto protocol into the convention and, makes recognition of Kyoto treaty as the competitive international instrument and politic agenda in addressing any emerging issues of climate change (Lal Kurukulasuriya, A, N., Gilbert, and et al., n.d.).