Genetic Disorders: Down Syndrome

Genetic Disorder: Down Syndrome Down syndrome is different in every patient from mild to severe but the most common physical signs are low muscle tone, extra skin around the neck, a flattened nose, a single crease in the palm, small ears, small mouth, eyes that are slanted upward, hands that are wide but short fingers, and have brushfield spots (PubMed Health). The National Down Syndrome Society has listed many complications that can occur with Down syndrome patients, for example, individuals with the disorder and are diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have not been proven enough to be said it is very common for children to have ADHD while diagnosed with Down syndrome, but they do show symptoms. The most common complications

Down Syndrome Soc.). The National Down Syndrome Society says that, “Stenotic ear canals (narrow ear canals) can occur in up to 40-50% of infants with Down syndrome.” Infants with narrow ear canals have a higher risk of getting more chronic ear infections than usual. Children and adults with Down syndrome are at risk of hearing loss and should get tests done; therefore, from birth up to three years of age should get tested every six months, after age three patients should get tested annually, and adults are mainly the ones who have a higher risk of hearing loss and should have frequent ear wax impactions. The most common throat problems for children is airway obstruction and about all people with Down syndrome have a complication with sleep related obstruction ; meanwhile, obstructive sleep-apnea, airway is blocked during sleep, is often overlooked (Natl. Down Syndrome Soc.). Another common problem listed by the National Down Syndrome Society for patients with the disorder is heart problems and about half the infants diagnosed with

The four most common heart defects are Atrioventricular Septal used to call Endocardial Cushion, Ventricular Septal, Persistent Ductus Arteriosus, and Tetralogy of Fallot. Children who are diagnosed with Down syndrome only about half of them struggle with mental health problems. The most common mental health problems for the people with the disorder consist of oppositional, impulsive and inattentive behaviors; general anxiety, repetitive and obsessive-compulsive behaviors; autism spectrum conditions; neuropsychological problem characterized by progressive loss of cognitive skills; sleep related difficulties and depression (Natl. Down Syndrome Soc.). Another common complication that has been listed by the National Down Syndrome Society is dental issues. When a child is diagnosed with Down syndrome their baby and permanent teeth may come in later than their peers; thus, the person’s teeth are smaller, have shorter roots and have some teeth missing than the average usual. The Global Down Syndrome Foundation states the importance of the continuous learning of the disorder is important because it gives the scientists a better understanding of the process of the three copies of chromosome 21, and helps update the medical guidelines so that doctors or an individual’s guardian can