Football, known also as soccer is one of the most popular sport played worldwide. This kind of sport activity involves mainly running, sprinting, jumping, kicking as well as rapid acceleration or deceleration. Football players must possess the vast ability and skills in order to perform a precise delivery of the ball to a target by using mainly the lower part of the body. The football game involves intensive movements throughout the 90 minutes which contributes in a large extent of occurrence of hamstring injury. It can be stated that hamstring injury is one of the most common in football and accounts between 12% to 16% of all injuries. Moreover, the incidence rate of hamstring injuries within the football exposure which includes match and …show more content…
Hamstring strains occurred more often within senior male players in football (McGregor and Rae, 1995; Hawkins et al., 2001), compared to youth players who suffered more from ligamentous sprain kind of injuries (Maehlum et al, 1986).
The hamstring muscle group consists of semimembranosus, semitendinosus and bicep femoris (See figure) All three muscles originate from the ischial tuberosity, however bicep femoris has two heads. The second head of the bicep femoris originates from linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of the femur (Brukner, et al., 2014). Furthermore, insertion of the semimembranosus is the posterior part of the medial tibial condyle as well as the oblique popliteal ligament. In addition, semitendinosus muscle inserts into the anteromedial surface of the tibia with gracilis and sartorius whilst the biceps femoris attaches onto the head of the fibula (Ahmad et al., 2013). Semitendinosus and semimembranosus are found on the medial part of the posterior side of the thigh, however bicep femoris situated more
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It can be stated that eccentric or concentric contractions can result in changes of a hamstring muscles length up to one third (Bennell et al., 1998). In sport discipline such as football hamstring injuries occur in a great degree during activities such as running or sprinting. This can be supported by the English FA which reported that in football movements such as running and sprinting stands for of 57% of all hamstring strains (Woods et al., 2004; Figure). During aforementioned activities the most common injury place is the bicep femoris along with the muscle tendon junction (Cross et al.,
The first activity was isolating the gastrocnemius muscle. A cut between the thigh and hip was made so the skin can be pulled down past the lower leg. Then the tendon was cut away from the bone of the heel and one end of the nine-inch string was tied to the tendon. This led to the isolation of the sciatic nerve, found between the hamstring and heel on the lateral side of the thigh. Using fingers, the seams along the quadriceps and hamstring underwent a blunt dissection. In doing so, the glass-dissecting probe was used to free the sciatic nerve embedded in the tissues. A four-inch string was inserted between the nerve and the tissues. Then the transducer was calibrated using a fifty-gram block under the “Frog Muscle” program. Parameter of CAL 1 was changed to zero grams and CAL 2 was changed
Witvrouw, E., Mahieu, N., Roosen, P., & McNair, P. (2007). The role of stretching in tendon injuries. British journal of Sports Medicine , 224-226.
Tearing the ACL is now considered an epidemic in the United States over 100,000 recorded incidences are reported each year (Moeller). While such a finding may be good for orthopedic doctors and surgeons, this is not good for millions of athletes’ competing these days in high intensity sports. This is especially a problem for female athletes who are two to four times more likely to tear their ACL than men (Moeller). This is one of the biggest mysteries about ACL tears is the difference between the number of injuries seen in women and men. Women tend to tear there ACL far more frequently then men. While not everyone agrees that gender itself is the source of the problem, evidence is growing that females are learning too late that participating in sports can also become the first step to ruining an active lifestyle.
Al Toon, father of Saints receiver Nick Toon, was forced to leave professional football after sustaining nine concussions in eight years of professional football. Football is one of the most dangerous games. As the years go on, more and more rules are being written to prevent the danger, but danger is the nature of the game. Most of these rules are for the protection of the players, but there are times when injuries can be a good thing. The Philadelphia Eagles were 3-5 to start the year, but Michael Vick was injured and the backup quarterback led the team to be 10-6, win the division, and almost beat the New Orleans Saints in the playoffs. "About 1.7 million Americans suffer a traumatic brain injury (TBI) every year, about three-quarters of them mild TBIs, or concussions" (Clemmitt). Traumatic Brain Injuries are used as the main form of evidence in Richard Cohen's claim that the end of the NFL is near, and quite frankly, his argument is pretty solid.
Some are trading the fun and experience of diversifying between basketball, baseball, soccer, etc. for year-round football. As a result, overuse injuries are occurring at an alarming rate among these one-sport wonders. For example, "Little League Elbow" describes overuse injuries in kids who are repetitively throwing the ball. Kids are sustaining severe injuries to their growth plates, neck and spinal cord that could end their career in pro-sports before it begins....
Lees, A., & Nolan, L. (1998). The biomechanics of soccer: A review. Journal of Sports Sciences, 16(3), 211-234.
Since football’s inception, it has been considered a manly sport. Young boys have been encouraged by their parents to participate in the game. For many boys, it is considered a rite of passage. However, football is a dangerous sport. A study conducted by the Center for Injury Research and Policy found, “an estimated 5.25 million football-related injuries among children and adolescents between 6 and 17 years of age were treated in U.S. emergency departments between 1990 and 2007. The annual number of football-related injuries increased 27 percent during the 18-year study period, jumping from 274,094 in 1990 to 346,772 in 2007” (Nation 201). These reported injuries include sprains and strains, broken bones, cracked ribs, torn ligaments, and concussions. A concussion usually happens when a player takes a hard hit to the head or is knocked unconscious on the playing field, and if not diagnosed and treated quickly, a concussion can result in death.
There are many injuries in general, but sports injuries? Sprains and Strains are the most common injuries in sports. “Sprains are injuries to ligaments, the tough bands connecting in a joint. Suddenly stretching ligaments past their limits deforms or tears them” (Hoffman 1). Ligaments are like springs in a sense that when you stretch a spring, it will return to it’s normal state unless they are
The number of girls and women participating in all levels of sports has risen greatly in recent years, and the way they play has changed too. Women's sports used to be played by a slow defensive style. Today, the sports are played with speed, precision, and power. With these changes have come increased injuries, and female athletes have higher injury rates than men in many sports. Knee injuries have been rising in female sports. Anterior crutiate ligament (ACL) injuries have become the most common injury in the knee to female athletes. Females are four times more susceptible to injury then men.
The decision of playing football comes with many risks. Some of the risks include strains, fractures,
What researchers and experts must do is not only discover the cause, but also design a special preventive program for female ACL injuries. Many researchers have found that different anatomical structures and neuromuscular imbalances make females more susceptible to ACL injuries. A special training program emphasizing hamstring strengthening could be effective in reducing the risks of acquiring ACL injuries for female athletes.
High school football players sustain a major proportion of season injuries. A major part of these regions are due to ligament sprains, targeted stretching exercises may be beneficial. The most injured players were those with the position of running back and linebackers. In the 2005-2006 season there were more than half a million injuries nationally of high school football players. This data was collected from over 100 high school football teams.
The problems and injuries that come with playing football have been obvious since the beginning, and to this day are still being discovered and researched in hopes of finding solutions so that the sport is not so dangerous. Malcolm Gla...
Also, it was stated that because of the elbow angle at foot stride and ball release that the shoulder joint was affected more so than at any other time. Finally, in order to understand why the injuries occur we should learn the joint ranges of motion so we can develop better preventive methods for injuries.
The nerves are raging, mainly in his stomach as the butterflies flutter till no end. "Is everything ok? Will everything go as planned?" He couldn't stop thinking about what might happen. Images were racing wild as he thought about his teammates going to battle without him. He couldn't comprehend why he had to let them handle it on their own. He has played with them since they were in eighth grade, and when they need him the most, all he can do is sit and cheer. He hates this feeling of helplessness, but at the same time he knows he has to do what little he can do, well.