Background Information
Criminality is often used to describe the deviant or criminal characteristics of an individual, criminality is one of the base concepts of criminology where in criminality refers to the appearance and attributable traits about criminals. although there have been a scarce amount of work to accurately evaluate certain traits that are related to crime on a physical level but there has been research based on social and cognitive processes of individuals. Criminality covers a variety of crime from white collar to brutal murders to gender based crimes.
the criminology and sociology of injustice has become more of a research about men and and their connection to crime ,Our insight and intelligence is still in its infancy,In
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such a massive jump in just 17 years can be attributable the the above reasons. since 1985 the average rate of women being incarcerated has elevated to 11.4% ,exceeding the average rate of men being incarcerated which is 7.6%. women tend to have lower arrest rates in all crime categories when compared to men , except for prostitution. female criminal activity is usually far less brutal and grotesque as they tend to indulge in less violent crimes such as theft,embezzlement,fraud and various other crimes,female offenders are also more likely to operate alone then with accomplices or prefer to form a non permanent crime ring. The criminal justice system could be attributable for the lower crime rate in women as they have shown a greater leniency in the past but in todays world with emphasis of equality, chivalry and leniency do not come into play, this could explains the rapid increase in female …show more content…
they almost always represent the minority in any criminal justice system, a criminal justice system created initially to deal with male offenders , based on theories of male offences. this maybe the reason behind the difference in sentencing of women and men as there is not enough concrete research on women and their deviant behaviors. as more and more people try to strive for equality , sentencing for women has become more and more fair, nearly having to serve the same amount of time as their male counter parts for the same crimes committed. in the past it was believed that the criminal justice system was lenient and showed a chivalric attitude to women as some women used their femininity to play the part of the victim and prevent being incarcerated or to at least lower their sentences. but the chivalry hypothesis has shown to be patchy and have little evidence as some believe that Chivalry only works if female offenders fit the stereotype of what it is to be female. If they do the result can be treatment that "helps them” as they would be seen to clearly need
According to Beirne & Messerschmidt men commit more crimes than women. With men making up 78% of arrests for every crime except Larceny, they are also more likely to commit conventional and serious conventional crimes. Especially in the case of white collar and political crimes, men make up a vast majority
Statistically, the male population in jail/prisons are much higher than the female population. This is not necessarily because females are less inclined to criminal tendencies than males, but more because society views them more as victims and/or innocent. (Men Sentenced To Long…2012 p.2) From the time women are small until they grow up, they are told that they are fragile, kind, they should not curse, or fight, etc. There are countless sexist roles and behaviors that are pushed on women, and so society views women along side the typical view. In a statistical graph by the of Bureau of Justice Statistics states that the number of people incarcerated per 100,000 people of that sex is as follows: 126 women and 1,352 males. (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2010. p.1) That is an incredible difference in the number of incarcerated individuals per jail/prison. Societal view with women is becoming more level headed today, and sentencing disparity on the gender platform is coming to a more equal level; however, it is still a long way away from being equal. According to an article in the Huffington
There are several theories as to why gender disparity occurs. One perspective aimed at explaining sex-based disparities is what is known as the chivalry/paternalism thesis. This is the idea that because the justice system is male dominated, judges tend to associate female offenders with the women in their lives. For example, when a judge sees a female offender, the paternalism theory suggests that it causes them to think of their daughter, sister, wife, etc. and therefore be more lenient in
Classical and contemporary theory helps to explain gendered crime patterns. The feminist school of criminology argue criminology and criminal theory is very masculine, all studies into criminal behaviour, have been developed from male statistics and tested on males. Very little research is conducted into female criminality, this may be because women who commit crime are more likely to be seen as evil or mentally ill rather than criminal, this is because women are labe...
Delinquency in and of itself has been observed, studied, sifted, put into one form of statistical data or another and published for years. The question of “should girls’ delinquency be studied separately from boys’ delinquency?” can only be answered with an answer of yes. Data from every aspect of delinquency should be studied whether it be age, race, type of crime, along with gender. Without viewing all aspects of delinquency in regards to gender, any conclusions found would be biased, possibly leading to the enforcement of inappropriate laws and or treatments.
Crime is an irrelevant concept as it is tied to the formal social control mechanism of the State; deviance is a concept that is owned by sociology thus our study should be the sociology of deviance, rather than criminology
..., Larry J. (2006). Criminology: Theories, Patterns, & Typologies, 9th edition. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Publishing. ISBN 0-495-00572-X. Print. 25 Feb 2014.
Siegel, L. J. (2013). Trait theories. Criminology: theories, patterns, and typologies (11th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth Cengage Learning.
Wilson, James and Herrnstein, Richard. "Crime & Human Nature: The Definitive Study of the Causes of Crime" New York: Free Press, 1998.
Criminology is the study of crime and criminals; a branch of sociology. More accurately, it is the study of crime as a social trend, and its overall origins, its many manifestations and its impact upon society as a whole. That makes it more a form of sociology than a law enforcement tool. But the trends it studies have a huge impact on the way the police do their jobs, the way society treats its criminals, and the way a given community goes about maintaining law and order. The writer will describe and give examples of the three perspectives of viewing crimes. The perspectives that will be highlighted are the consensus view, the conflict view or the interactionist view. Each perspective maintain its own interpretation of what constitutes criminal activities and what causes people to engage in criminal behaviors (Siegel, p.12).
When a person thinks of somebody committing a crime, they usually think of a male. Whether it's a harsh felony, or just a misdemeanor, males are still associated with criminal activity. This paper will be reviewing research related to crime rates in men and women, as well as some psychological causes of these statistics. This paper will also briefly examine crime rates and the use of police force in different communities. This paper brings together 8 different scientific articles, many of which have been published in The Journal of Crime and Delinquency.
In today’s society, one will find that there are many different factors that go into the development of a criminal mind, and it is impossible to single out one particular cause of criminal behavior. Criminal behavior often stems from both biological and environmental factors. In many cases criminals share similar physical traits which the general population do not usually have. For example criminals have smaller brains than properly adjusted individuals. However biological reasons cannot solely be the cause of criminal behavior. Therefore, one must look to other sources as to how a criminal mind is developed. Social and environmental factors also are at fault for developing a person to the point at which they are lead to committing a criminal act. Often, someone who has committed a violent crime shows evidence of a poorly developed childhood, or the unsuitable current conditions in which the subject lives. In addition if one studies victimology which is the role that the victim plays in the crime, it is apparent that there are many different causes for criminal behavior. Through the examination of biological factors, in addition to the social and environmental factors which make up a criminal mind, one can conclude that a criminal often is born with traits common to those of criminals, it is the environment that exist around them that brings out the criminal within them to commit indecent acts of crime.
Different schools of thought propose varying theoretical models of criminality. It is agreeable that criminal behaviour is deep rooted in societies and screams for attention. Biological, Social ecological and psychological model theories are key to helping researchers gain deeper comprehension of criminal behaviour and ways to avert them before they become a menace to society. All these theories put forward a multitude of factors on the outlooks on crime. All these theories have valid relevancy to continuous research on criminal behaviour.
Criminology centers its attention on the criminal as a person, his behavior, and what has led him or her to a life of crime. Criminology seeks to understand the criminals' genetic makeup, to learn whether there is an inherited tendency to crime. It also takes into consideration such issues as the individuals socioeconomic background, family background, educational opportunities, and childhood associations.
I now know that criminology prefer to highlight the correlations between crimes’ social climates and criminals’ psychological states of mind. While some argues that criminal behavior is a result of individuals’ association with criminal peers, other claims that crime is a reflection of an individual’s genetic disadvantages. I have come to learn that there are no universally agreed formulas on decoding crimes and criminal behaviors. What we have, however, is a manual full of academic opinions and subjective views that have emerged alongside of the development of criminology. At the same time, the volume of conflicting perspectives that I have stumble upon in studying criminology reminded me again that the success of our current assessment models has yet to be determined. Thus, the study of criminology is an appropriate practice that will further prepare me to conduct meaningful research on legal studies and to provide accurate and in-depth findings in the near