Feline oral resorptive lesions (FORL), also known as feline stomatitis or more commonly feline tooth resorption, is a relatively common oral disease often seen in veterinary practice. The general nature of the disease is to eat away at the tooth structures similarly to cavaties or carries in humans, though the disease is not initiated in the same manner as humans as felines do not consume an overabundance of simple carbohydrates. In fact, it is not truly known what the cause of this disease is, though there are several potential factors that may initiate, worsen, or are general signs of FORL. There are two types of FORL. Type 1 FORL patients have a normal root when radiographed and no periodontal damage though it is very progressive. It starts …show more content…
As for prevention, look at any underlying diseases the cat may have, including hyperthyroidism. If the cat has, or is at risk for, hyperthyroidism the disease must be managed with a high protein, low carbohydrate diet. Iodine supplementation may also be beneficial, as some foods can be low in iodine. Also look at the vitamin D content in cat food. Cats require 250 IU/kg of vitamin D on a dry matter basis, and some foods may include up to 30 times that amount as AAFCO regulation is maximum of 10,000 IU/kg of vitamin D. It is interesting to note that though acidosis has been linked to FORL, there is no difference between cats given acidic diets versus control diets. Before diagnosis, it may be apparent, especially with progressed cases, that chewing of dry food is painful. The cat may only chew on one side, hold its head sideways, or refuse dry food altogether. The first thing the owner should do in that scenario, especially if the cat had been fine with dry food previously, is take it to the vet and have a dental examination. It may be beneficial to switch the cat to softened food if the treatment procedure cannot be done immediately, and it is also recommended to provide softened or canned food for at least 14 days post extraction along with administration of analgesics and
Periodontal disease is the inflammation of the structures that support the teeth. This disease is the primary loss of teeth in dogs. It is caused by a build-up of dental plaque on the surfaces of the teeth and around the gums. Bacteria can accumulate in the dental plaque and irritate the gum tissue which leads to the infection of the bone that surrounds the teeth. Some effects of the disease include: bad breath, bleeding gums, oral pain, dropping food from mouth while eating and loss of appetite. In severe cases the teeth may become loose and fall out.
For those that have bad habits with cigarettes, Tobacco Cessation Counseling is available. Cigarettes cause tooth loss, rotting, and surface stains; hygienist make sure to pass this information to the patient and help them to understand that quitting is the best option if they want to keep their teeth. As said before, a hygienist informs the patient on what foods to avoid. Nutritional Counseling is provided if a hygienist believes there is danger with a patients teeth such as diseases. (Dental Hygiene Clinic) Any foods with high acidity is something a dental hygienist would recommend avoiding. For example, apples, hard candies, popcorn, diet sodas, and salad dressing. Enamel is the hardest structure in the human body. It’s even harder than bones. When the enamel is exposed to acid, it wears down and erodes. This is how tooth erosion and decay happens. They will educate the patient with what foods to replace the bad ones with. Although, a dentist is who performs the restorations, a hygienist can still inform what will happen. Because of the fact that hygienists usually see patients before the dentist, they will give feedback to the dentist and recommend restorations in the mouth. They specialize in providing clinical and educational services (Sealy Dental Center) so they are very useful to dentists. When a patient has missing, chipped, or sharpened teeth, a restoration is done to replace the originals. Some examples
Vet Tech has always been an option for me, helping animals is something that is very interesting. It was introduced in 1989, the AVMA officially adopted the name “Vet Tech.” In 1998, emergency vets debut on Animal Planet. And in 2008, student population grows from 500 to 700. There are about 17,000 people employed in the career field chosen. Some of the common trends of the job would be, working at Zoos, Aquariums, Boarding Kennels, and Wildlife sanctuaries. These jobs are usually found working in an animal clinic or hospitals and sometimes at farms because that is the “normal” areas for this occupation. In this career there are some general duties such as: Observe animals behavior and conditions, Provide nursing care, Bathe animals, Clip nails, groom animals hair, keep animals calm during exams or procedures. The more specific duties of the job would be to: take x-rays of animals and develop them, get utensils and prepare the animals for surgery, keep and record patient's history. Most of the clinics are open 24 hours. There is not anything that is unusual about the number of hours/nature of the job. (Bls.gov.vettech)
Nala, a two-year, eight-month-old spayed female Cane Corso was presented to Heritage Animal Hospital for vomiting on February 1, 2017. Her owner complained that she had not been able to hold any food down since January 31, 2017. Nala had a foreign body surgery last month here at the clinic. The owner informed our staff that Nala had a rash around her incision for roughly the past two weeks. The owner stated she does not believe her dog ingested anything. During the physical exam, Nala appeared quiet, alert, and responsive. The technician assessed the oral cavity and Nala had tacky mucous membranes and pink gums. The capillary refill time was quoted to be less than 2 seconds. The dental exam was clinically normal. The eyes were bright, clear,
Feline panleukopenia is endemic to cats worldwide. The virus has been identified since the early 20th century. The virus is so severe that it was referred to as “cat plague” in earlier times when infections worldwide nearly wiped out cat populations in certain geographic areas. Now FPV rarely occurs in domestic populations in which vaccination is routinely practiced. There is a seasonality to the occurrence of FPV that usually coincides with the production of new populations of susceptible kittens. This seasonal effect may vary according to geographic location. In the northeastern United States, most cases of FPV are seen in the summer and early fall. However, outbreaks of FPV may occur at any time of the year. It is thought that feral domestic cat populations are a natural resevior for Feline panleukopenia virus.
Cats infected with the Feline Leukemia Virus are found worldwide, although the rates vary depending on age group and the general lifestyle of the cats. The virus is transmitted in a number of ways. It is commonly spread through body fluids, such as blood or saliva, or other bodily excrements. An infected cat eating or drinking with an uninfected cat could cause transmission, as well as an infected cat sharing a litter box with an uninfected cat. It can also be spread through grooming. Another common means of infection is a bite, especially in cats living primarily outside. The virus can also be spread in utero or through a kitten’s consumption of milk if the mother is infected. Feline Leukemia Virus is more common in kittens and young cats than in any other age group. A healthy cat that is in adulthood stand a much smaller chance of contracting the virus, especially if the cat has already been vaccination against ...
There are many different types of diseases that dental hygienist have to be aware of. It is important to know the basic information about the disease and how the disease affects the patient’s oral cavity as well as how to treat the patient. This paper will be addressing liver disease and more specifically, liver disease caused by hepatitis. “The term liver disease applies to many diseases and disorders that cause the liver to function improperly or stop functioning.” (U.S. National Library of Medicine. “Liver Disease.”) A couple signs and symptoms include fever, dark urine, abdominal pain and jaundice, which is the yellowing of the eyes and skin. (U.S. National Library of Medicine. “Liver Disease.”)
Based on the radiographs that were previously taken by another student, the patient has areas of decay and generalized bone loss. These findings indicate that individualized home care is crucial in the progression of the treatment plan. The ten page assessment findings included areas of active decay, bulbous and shiny gingiva, and occlusal wear on the anterior teeth. A night guard is important to recommend in order to help to prevent further wear on the occlusal surface. The generalized areas of decay within the mouth indicate that this patient is in need of nutritional counseling. Nutritional counseling is helpful in determining the food items and beverages that the patient's eats and drinks that are high in sugar or carbohydrates. Nutritional counseling for my patient revealed that my patient drinks multiple different types of juices due to being unaware of the amount of sugar contained in
Periodontal disease is an infection of the gingiva and alveolar bone. Periodontal disease increases in prevalence and severity as people age. Periodontal disease is precursored by gingivitis.
Nutrition is a major importance in the prevention of diseases and also an important maintenance for pets with chronic disorders (congestive heart failure, renal disease, etc.). Certain prescription diets have been designed with the intent to either cure or prolong the patients’ well-being. The affects that malnutrition have on the cardiovascular system range from muscle loss/weakness, anemia from vitamin/mineral deficiencies, and loss of myocardial muscle from decreased protein intake (Webb et al., 1986). Certain vitamins and minerals such as iron, copper, folic acid, and B12 deficiencies will cause anemia. The loss of the blood to the cardiovascular system decreases the amount of oxygen delivered to the tissue, which causes elevation in the heart rate (tachycardia), because the heart is trying to compensate for the lack of
Kaldahl WB, Kalkwarf KL, Patil KD, Molvar MP, Dyer JK (February 1996). "Long-term evaluation of periodontal therapy: II. Incidence of sites breaking down". J. Periodontol. 67 (2): 103–8. doi:10.1902/jop.1996.67.2.103. PMID 8667129
-Characterized by the elongation and hyperkeratosis of the filiform papillae, resulting in this hairlike appearance. The elongated papillae usually exhibit brown, yellow, or black pigmentation. Most patients are asymptomatic, but occasionally patients complain of irritation, gagging, or an altered taste. Patients are usually heavy smokers with poor oral hygiene and some have vitamin deficiencies, GI problems, or radiation therapy. Cures range from just brushing the tongue to corticosteroid therapy.
If their eyes water, they meow, or start licking themselves for a prolonged period, they might be experiencing an adverse reaction to a particular type of oil. Remove the cat from the area and make sure it has fresh air and water.
Periodontal disease also known as periodontitis is the inflammatory disease of the supporting tissues of the teeth caused by specific microorganisms resulting in progressive destruction of the periodontal ligament and alveolar bone with pocket formation, recession, or both. This includes gingivitis, which is the inflammation of the gingiva and is the milder form. This later on progresses to periodontitis and is a more severe form. Periodontitis affects the periodontal ligament, alveolar bone, and cementum.
On his initial examination dated 23/06/13 the patient was seen for a routine full mouth scale and polish with reinforced oral hygiene instruction including flossing technique. He presented with excellent oral hygiene at this appointment which was a reflection of his commitment to good oral hygiene; tooth-brushing twice daily and dental flossing once daily. This was further supported by the patients plaque scores at 5% and bleeding scores at 4% with only minimal supra gingival calculus on lower anterior teeth. There was no erythema or oedema present on the gingival tissues.