Factors that can cause a panic disorder are biological psychological and social factors. Stress is generalized as a psychological factor. Stress is usually cause by life changing events. Stressful event can stress of a job or school, divorce, or in the case of the patient the death of a love one. Stress causes headache and high blood pressure which Will Likely lead to a panic attack. Situations like heart rate and high blood pressure can become external and internal cues that can be Associated with panic attacks this can cause these cues to being conditioned stimulus for panic attacks. This is because leaned alarms. Theses alarms lead to psychological vulnerability. Which are dangerous unexplained physical sensation and anxious apprehension the final step is a panic disorder. The agoraphobia is a result of the unexpected attack. The factors of agoraphobia are lack of safety signals. The patient lost her father which can cause a tremendous amount of stress which leads to her experiencing sensation which became learned alarms. She had a panic attack in a car on the road where there was no one there to help. After the attack she began to worry which can also lead to stress. She began to limit her activities because of the fear of another attack.
Another cause’s factor is a theory that focuses on how individuals react to internal emotional conflicts which is a psychoanalytic theory. The theory describes agoraphobia as the result of a feeling of emptiness that comes from an unresolved oedipal conflict which is a Freud bases theory. Which is a struggle between the feelings the person has toward the opposite sex parent. Which the patient be the reason why the patient being to have these panic attacks after her father died. Other factors...
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...s going to happen, the experience of panic becomes less terrifying.
Medication can be used to temporarily control or reduce some of the symptoms of panic disorder. However, it doesn't treat or resolve the problem and as soon as you wean off the medications you'll fear having a panic attack again, and a panic attack will become more likely Medication can be useful in severe cases, but it should not be the only treatment used. The of medication that is use are Antidepressants, which take several weeks before they begin to work, so the patient will have to take the constantly. not just during a panic attack. Benzodiazepine is another type of medication. These are anti-anxiety drugs that work as soon as you take them. Taking them during a panic attack provides rapid relief of symptoms. But, benzodiazepines are highly addictive and have serious withdrawal symptom.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder, also known as (GAD) is one of the several types of anxiety disorders. GAD according to our textbook (Lahey) is an uneasy sense of general tension and apprehension for no apparent reason that makes the individual highly uncomfortable because of its prolonged presence. GAD is much more than the normal anxiety people experience day to day. Without provoking, it is chronic and exaggerated worry and tension. This disorder can involve anticipating disaster, often worrying excessively about health, money, family or work. Sometimes, though, just the thought of getting through the day brings anxiety.
Anxiety according to Dr.Mercola, “anxiety is a natural normal response to potential, threats, which puts your body into a heightened state of awareness.” (Dr. Mercola) People are often unaware and disregard the severity of the disorder, thus mistaking anxiety for stress. On the contrary, anxiety has many similarities to stress,but stress is an anxiety trigger.(Henry) Frequently the causes of anxiety are unknown or result with our a clear cause rather by its own will.( Henry) The disorder most distinct feature is its internal trigger and its internal response, unlike many other disorders frequently caused internally by the victim without their knowledge.(Henry) “[Anxiety like stress, triggers]... a flood of stress hormones like cortisol
Biological and Psychological Explanations of Anxiety Disorders Research has often concluded that no one biological or psychological theory can provide a sufficient explanation into anxiety disorders such as depression. The diathesis stress model explains psychological anxiety disorders as an interaction between a predisposition to the disorder and environmental stress. In terms of anxiety disorders, predispositions include aspects of biological and psychological factors. Often the main problem found with psychological explanations of anxiety disorders, especially the psychodynamic theory, is that is the theories are more difficult to test. With Freud’s theory, which is largely based on the working of the unconscious mind, it makes it impossible to prove or disprove.
In the general population, less than five percent of people experience panic disorders, and only six percent develop agoraphobia during their lives, (MacNeil 2001). A diagnosis of panic disorder is given when panic attacks turn into a common occurrence, for no apparent reason and the person begins to change their behaviour because of the constant fear of having a panic attack. Someone suffering from agoraphobia has a fear of being somewhere where help will not be provided in case of an emergency; one third to one half of people diagnosed with panic disorders develops agoraphobia, (Hoeksema & Rector, 2011, p. 204). Research has examined two well-known ways a panic disorder with agoraphobia (PDA) can be treated: Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) (alone and combined with two other medications) and Experimental Cognitive Therapy (ECT). Examining the research allows for a comparison of each treatment, along with a discussion of implications, resulting in determining which treatment is the most effective for someone who suffers from a panic disorder with agoraphobia.
Severe anxiety, which can be described as an episode of terror, is referred to as a panic attack. Panic attacks can be extremely frightening. People who experience panic attacks over a prolonged time period may become victims of agoraphobia, which is a psychiatric disorder that is closely associated with the panic disorder. Patients with Agoraphobia avoid certain places or situations such as airplanes, crowded theaters, a grocery store or anyplace from which escape might be difficult. It is said that Agoraphobia can be so severe that it has made certain individuals housebound.
The last factor states that there is an inability to escape from painful situations. He dealt with his painful situation by taking drugs, although they only made his problems larger. Merton’s anomie theory applies to the case of Lost Love, because he was working at his brothers company and he had the legitimate means to earn money. However, his fight with his brother resulted in his job loss, which motivated him to look somewhere else to reach his goal to pay back the drug dealers.
Anxiety disorder is a type of abnormal behavior characterized by unrealistic, irrational fear. These types of disorders are diagnosed two as often in women as in men. Although these disorders can be very chronic and serious, they are easily treatable. Generalized anxiety disorder is when people experience fear and worry that is not focused on one specific aspect; nevertheless, they suffer greatly with headaches, dizziness, heart palpitations, and insomnia. Obsessive-compulsive disorder, better known as OCD, involves persistent, unwanted, obsessions and irresistible urges to perform compulsions in order to relieve anxiety. Unlike other anxiety disorders, OCD consists more of anxiety and worry rather than fear itself. Many people who experience OCD are aware that there is no motive behind their actions, however their anxiety is heightened when they try to ignore the compulsions. People with such anxiety disorders often experience sensitivity to other people’s views as well as worry over their surroundings.
There are different types of anxiety disorders. They are accompanied by their anxiety disorder symptoms. People suffering from OCD or obsessive-compulsive disorder perform certain routines or rituals (also referred to as compulsions) religiously due to constant thoughts of worry and fear (also referred to as obsessions)...
If you are in a life or death situation, every decision you make stacks the odds either for or against you. Once you make a few bad decisions, you realize that your chances for survival are getting slimmer and slimmer. As this fact settles into your conscious mind, it produces panic. Panic is what happens when the brain can't handle the information it is given. Panic takes over rationality, and as a result, you do and say things that are uncharacteristic of you. Panic destroys your self confidence.
The problem with treating an agoraphobia panic attack is that the only real way to overcome the attack is for the person to attempt to push their limits. This is the reason why many agoraphobics tend to get worse before they get better. It is easy for an agoraphobic to ignore their problem, since all they have to do is not travel beyond their limits but unfortunately while being easy to ignore, agoraphobia also tends to be the
According to Klasco (2011), psychological disorders "are abnormalities of the mind that result in persistent behavior patterns" that can have an impact on daily tasks and life in general. There are many different groups of psychological disorders, one of those being anxiety disorders, which King (2013) states features "motor tension, hyperactivity, and apprehensive expectations and thoughts" (p. 448). There are also many subgroups of anxiety disorders, including phobic disorders, in which agoraphobia is included in. Agoraphobia is considered a panic disorder because its’ ability to limit people from doing their daily activities.
An effective way to maintain panic attacks at bay will be to exercise on a normal basis. This will keep your system healthy as well as your thoughts balanced. It will also burn off adrenaline which could cause an attack.
There are certain occupations with a higher rate of stress because of the of exposure to various traumatic events such as death. Occupations such as law enforcement, emergency medical services, corrections, firefighters, and combat military personnel are prone to being exposed to trauma at a higher frequency than most other occupations. In many cases, the witnessed traumatic event may be a violent and critical event dealing with a near death experience or a fatality. These exposures to trauma, or high stress events, may eventually lead to posttraumatic stress syndrome, or a more simplified version of depression. Outside of occupations, PTSD can be caused by any situation in which you the victim feels threatened or helpless, when bodily harm
Stress may play a causal role in a wide variety of mental disorders. Some of the mental disorders in which stress appears to have a causal role are anxiety disorders, mood disorders, and substance-related disorders.
Stressors initiate a response within the organism and causes changes in the body, specifically responses in the body’s autonomic nervous system. The autonomic nervous system has two branches: the sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic nervous system. The sympathetic autonomic nervous system helps the body deal with the stress it encounters, initiating the ‘fight or flight’ response. Once the threat has passed, the parasympathetic autonomic nervous system will take over, relaxing the body. There is a balance between these two in a healthy person. However, when someone stays on guard, using the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, all sorts of physical effects can